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GROUP MEMBERS:MUSTAFA MEHTAB (9145 )DANI SH KUMAR (10874 )HASAN TANWI R (11288 )
KAMRAN HUSSAI N (11808 )SYED NADIR MUSTAFA NAQVI (11301 )
PRESENTED TO:MR. NAWAZ AHMED
WHEAT CONSUMPTION IN PAKISTAN
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
STORAGE CAPACITY OF WHEAT IN PAKISTAN
PRODUCTION, CONSUMPTION, DEMAND AND
SUPPLY OF WHEAT IN PAKISTAN
WHEAT TRADE IN PAKISTAN
PROBLEMS OF WHEAT INDUSTRY IN PAKISTAN
RECOMMENDATIONS
INTRODUCTION
Wheat industry is a third largest industry of Pakistan.
Among the wheat producing country, Pakistan stands at 10th
place in terms of area (8.5 million hectares) and 59th in terms
of yield (21.0 m ton) annually.
It occupies a supreme position in the food grains of Pakistan, it
covers 66% of the total area under food grains and contributes
74% of the total food grain production. Wheat alone
contributes 13.8% to the value added in agriculture and 3.4%
towards Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Pakistan.
Cont…..
The province of Punjab grows the majority of Pakistani
wheat, producing 72 percent of the nation’s total supply.
The next largest wheat-producing province is Sindh,
which produces 17 percent of the total wheat supply.
Winter wheat planting begins around the first of
October and run through mid-December. Harvest begins
in April and is usually completed in mid-June.
STORAGE OF WHEAT IN PAKISTAN
The size of wheat crop is provisionally at 23.4 million tones,
11.7 per cent more than past year crop. The wheat storage
capacity is estimated to be only 7 million tones.
According to total wheat storage public sector is estimated
at 5.2 million tones, of this 1.3 million tones is with
Pakistan Agricultural Storage and Services Corporation and
the remaining is with provincial agricultural departments.
Cont…..
The wheat is mostly stored in jute bags and the
specifications differ by provinces in conformity with
weather conditions.
Around 232,772 tones of wheat stored in the open areas,
and 19,407 tones at Sukkur, 51,034 tones at Ghotki, 63,954
at Naishahroferoz and 37,615 tones in Benazirabad district.
PROVINCIAL AGRICULTURAL DEPARTMENTS
PRODUCTION, CONSUMPTION, DEMAND AND SUPPLY OF WHEAT IN
PAKISTAN
In 1999-00, the province Punjab produced 16.48 million tons of
wheat at per hectare average of 2,667 kg. The production
dropped to 15.41 million tons next year-2000-01. Average per
hectare yield was 2,465kg. There was 6.5 per cent reduction in
wheat production and eight per cent in average per hectare
yield.
The production dipped further in year 2001-02 to 14.59 million
tons with average going down to 2,392 kg per hectare.
Average per hectare yield decline was 10 and three per cent
compared to 1999-00 and 2000-01.
Cont…..
In 2005-06, the production recovered a bit and hit 16.81 million tons at an average of 2659 kg per hectare- some eight kg less than what the province produced in year 1999-00.
Unfortunately our population is increasing year by year (2.5% per Annam) but the production of wheat is stagnant since 3 to 4 years.
HARVESTED AREA
TOTAL PRODUCTIONS
TOTAL SUPPLY
TOTAL DISTRIBUTION
TOTAL CONSUMPTION
WHEAT TRADE IN PAKISTAN
The imports of wheat were increased to almost 6 million
tons in the year 2005-2006 with a lower critic limit of 3.5
million tones.
In 2007 the imports were recorded as 1,700 million tons
after a shortfall of wheat while in 2008 it was more
decreased and recorded as 1,500 million tons and in the
previous year 2009 it were recorded as 1,000 million tons.
Cont…..
PROBLEMS OF WHEAT INDUSTRY IN PAKISTAN
Over the last 50 years since the independence of Pakistan, the policy-makers have
not been able to develop a satisfactory policy for the basic necessity of its people,
food.
Every new government experiments with this policy, at the expense of the people,
and there is no consistency at all. At times we have surplus wheat which rots
away in open storages.
Storage capacity is less then the required storage there fore the excess amount of
wheat is smuggled to Afghanistan and India majorly because in Afghanistan there
is no wheat industry at all and in India there is a huge population.
Cont…..
Smuggling creates shortfall in our country.
Heavy taxes levied on wheat industry by Government.
Increase in prices.
Artificial shortage.
Increasing population & Stagnant production.
RECOMMENDATIONS
The government ought to review its demand-supply position
around September-October and if needed it ought to place
order for import before the high season starts.
Policies can produce lasting and satisfactory results only, if
they are easily implemented, and the legitimate interests of
all stakeholders are recognized and catered for.
The flour mills should be facilitated to build storage facilities
in order to prevent wheat stealing and wastage on the way
moving wheat from one place to another.
Cont…..
If as a social decision, farmers need to be subsidized (as is the case
in many other developed countries), it ought to be done in the form
of items like crop insurance, tax free pesticide supply, and
provision of cheaper and better seeds to increase yields etc.
The government should emphasize on any one problem either on
increasing population or on stagnant production.
For more productivity in wheat crop the requirements are:
To ensure food security
Export the surplus wheat crop
Modern wheat storage methods
THANK YOU