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Hitesh Galthariya
Roll No :- 08 M.A. Sem :- 04 Year :- 2015-16
Paper :- 15 Mass Communication and Media Studies
Submitted to :-
Smt.S.B. GardiDepartment of English
M.K.Bhav.University
What is Journalism ? Types and Role of journalism
Definitions of Journalism:
What is Journalism ?
Words ‘Journal’ , ‘Journalism’, Journalist’ have their origin in the French word ‘journal’ meaning a book and it has it’s origin in turn in the Roman word ‘ diurnalis’ meaning daily.
Journalism is instant history, an account of history as it is being made. Journalism is a report of things as they appear at the moment of writing not a definitive study of a situation Journalism is a contemporary report of the changing scene intended to inform readers of what is happening around them. In the modern times, Journalism has been turned into a business and an industry.
It’s main functions is to carry different kinds of advertisements that help it to be financially viable and politically independent. It’s other functions include reporting local, national and international news and offering interpretation and opinions into a business venture, the fundamental function remains to sell readers to advertisers.
Besides, it aims at educating and entertaining its readers so that they can participate fully in the affairs of the state and in the cultural affairs as well.
Journalism Journalism as one part of mass communication and media studies. Journalism is the practice of investigation and reporting of events, issues and trends to a broad audience in a timely fashion and there are many variations of journalism, the ideal is to inform the intended audience along with covering organizations and institutions such as government and business, journalism also covers cultural aspects of society such as arts and entertainment. The field includes editing, photojournalism and documentary.
“Journalism is storytelling with a purpose. That purpose is to provide people with information they need to understand the world. The firstchallenge is finding the information that people need to live their lives.The second is to make it meaningful, relevant, and engaging.”
Types of journalism:
Journalism helps to explain the events that impact our lives and is developed in a number of forms and styles uses different techniques and writes for different purposes and audiences. So Journalism can be categorized into several types as enlisted below.
1) Advocacy journalism.
2) Broadcast Journalism.
3) Investigative Journalism.
4) Tabloid Journalism.
5) Yellow Journalism.
1) Advocacy journalism:
As being a major type, it can be defined as journalistic praxis. Advocacy journalism deals with writing to advocate particular viewpoints or influence the opinions of the audience. On the other hand opinion Journalism, exemplified by newspapers editorials and media punditry, is not always expected to involve the same degree in depth investigation. It also describes the use of journalism techniques to promote a specific political or social cause.
2) Broadcast Journalism:
It is also a type of journalism which is the field of news and journals which are broadcast or in other words we can say that it is published by electrical methods, instead of the older methods such as printed newspapers and posters. Media in the broadcast journalism includes television, radio and the internet. Radio and television broadcasts are designed to get the news out to a wide variety of people in language that is much less formal than traditional print media.
3) Investigative journalism:
Investigative journalism can be defined a type of journalism that tries to discover information of public interest that someone is trying to hide. it also includes serious crimes, political corruption or corporate wrongdoing.an investigative journalist may spend months or years researching and preparing a report.
4) Tabloid Journalism:
It is very much important type of journalism. Tabloid journalism is a newspaper of small format giving the news is condensed form, usually with illustrated often sensational material.
so it puts more stress on crime stories, astrology, gossip columns about the personal lives of celebrities and sports stars and junk food news. And it is this sense of the word that led to some entertainment news programs to be called tabloid television.
5) Yellow Journalism:
It is one of the most significant types of journalism which highlights little or no legitimate well researched news and instead uses eyecatching headlines to sell more newspapers. Yellow journalism is also known as sensationalism and it is writing which emphasizes exaggerated claims or rumours.
The Role of Journalism
The role and status of journalism, along with that of the mass media, has undergone profound changes over the last two decades with the advent of digital technology and publication of news on the Internet.
This has created a shift in the consumption of print media channels, as people increasingly consume news through ereaders, smart phones and other electronic devices, challenging news organizations to fully monetize their digital wing as well as improvise on the context in which they publish news in print.
Notably in the American media landscape, newsrooms have reduced their staff and coverage as traditional media channels. Such as television grapple with declining audiences. For instance between 2007 and 2012, CNN edited its story packages into nearly half of this original time length.
This compactness in coverage has been linked to broad audience attrition, as a large majority of respondents in recent studies show changing preferences in news consumption. The digital era has also ushered in a new kind of journalism in which ordinary citizens play a greater role in the process of newsmaking with the rise of citizen journalism being possible through the Internet.
The Role of Journalism
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