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Webinars on Women’s Collective Action (WCA) in Agricultural Markets Webinar 1: Conceptual Framework August 23, 2011, 12:00-13:30 GMT Facilitated by

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  • 1. Webinars on Womens Collective Action (WCA) in Agricultural Markets Webinar 1: Conceptual Framework August 23, 2011, 12:00-13:30 GMT Facilitated by
  • 2.
    • Aims to identify:
    • the conditions
    • types of organisation, and
    • strategies of support
    that enable women to take on strategic roles in markets in ways that increase womens incomes, assets and empowerment. Oxfams research on WCA A research, learning and communications project on womens collective action (WCA) in agricultural markets
  • 3. Three organisations with different perspectives, but a common issue of interest Collaboration to co-host WCA webinars WCA Webinars a space where different organisations can share their research and learning on WCA WCA Pathways Programme Researching womens collective action project Research on member-based organisations, etc.
  • 4. Webinar 3: Synthesis of findings, WCA project Sep. 20 Webinar 1: Conceptual framework Aug. 23 Webinar 2: Typology of collective action Aug. 30 Webinars 4-6 Starting in November Theme 1: Tools for Analysing Collective Action Themes and topics not yet identified Suggestions welcome! Road map for webinars
    • Objective for todays webinar on the Conceptual framework:
    • To enrich and further develop the conceptual framework to be used to guide phase III of the Researching Womens Collective Action project
    • To help participants further develop their own analytical frameworks or thinking
    Today !
  • 5.
    • Understanding small- holders and collective action
    • Conceptual framework
    • Comments and questions to stimulate discussion
    • Discussion in plenary
    • Wrap up and next steps
    Agenda for today Andrea Rodericks CARE Sally Baden, Oxfam Alison Mathie, Coady Institute
  • 6.
    • Many large scale agricultural development programs targeting smallholder farmers (even those that were evaluated successfully) have not been effective for poorer segments of smallholder farmers, especially women.
    The Challenge
    • Development actors need to adapt interventions based on a better understanding of the specific needs of different types /segments of women smallholders.
  • 7.
    • There seem to be a finite set of socio-demographic characteristics that best define types of rural smallholder households
    • Different types of households have different paths of change , different barriers and vulnerabilities, and different responses to opportunities
    • Yet there are certain combinations of these characteristics around which households tend to cluster at any point in time (equilibrium)
    • Households move between these different clusters, often in similar ways.
    Understanding smallholders
  • 8. Design Finding
    • Womens collective action to access markets is one important element of some pathways that some segments of poor women smallholder farmers take toward more secure and resilient livelihoods and empowerment
    • Understanding the role of collectives in these pathways is key
    Collective action
  • 9. FARMING SYSTEM MOTIVATION AND CAPACITY ASSET ENDOWMENT AGE, SKILLS, LITERACY HOUSEHOLD DYNAMICS NO COLLECTIVE ACTION LEGAL/POLICY FRAMEWORK PATTERNS OF COLLECTIVE ACTION Gender relations Social capital External intervention Membership Gender Composition Functionality Degree of formality Group dynamics & evolution Governance structure CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DIFFERENT SUB-SECTORS IMPROVED CAPACITY FOR WOMEN TO BECOME EFFECTIVE ACTORS IN THE MARKET BUILD UP OF ASSETS EMPOWERMENT INCREASED INCOMES IMPACT COLLECTIVE OUTCOME LEVEL 1 LEVEL 3 Conceptual Framework
  • 10.
    • FARMING SYSTEM
    • Land ownership structure
    • Level of risk
    • Gendered division of labour
    • Distance to market
    • Transportation constraints
    MOTIVATION AND CAPACITY Of a woman smallholder to join collective action ASSET ENDOWMENT AGE, SKILLS, LITERACY HOUSEHOLD DYNAMICS NO COLLECTIVE ACTION JOINT COLLECTIVE ACTION Level 1: Motivations and capacity
  • 11. LEGAL/POLICY FRAMEWORK - Membership criteria - Registration procedure - Trading permit PATTERNS OF COLLECTIVE ACTION Gender relations Social capital External intervention Membership Gender Composition Functionality Degree of formality Group dynamics & evolution Governance structure
    • CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DIFFERENT SUB-SECTORS
    • Barriers to womens entry
    • Gender segregation in various market segments
    • Risks and opportunities
    IMPROVED CAPACITY FOR WOMEN TO BECOME EFFECTIVE ACTORS IN THE MARKET New spaces and roles for women Capacity to negotiate more equitable terms of trade Fewer barriers to womens participation in the sub-sector Level 2: Patterns of collective action
  • 12. IMPROVED CAPACITY FOR WOMEN TO BECOME EFFECTIVE ACTORS IN THE MARKET New spaces and roles for women Capacity to negotiate more equitable terms of trade Fewer barriers to womens participation in the sub-sector
    • BUILD UP OF ASSETS
    • Capacity to build and secure control over assets
    • Diversification of coping strategies
    • EMPOWERMENT
    • Self-confidence and leadership skills
    • Skills, access to information, opportunities
    • Capacity to influence decisions
    • Improved bargaining power
    INCREASED INCOMES Capacity to generate and control income IMPACT COLLECTIVE OUTCOME Level 3: Collective outcomes and individual impact
  • 13.
    • Bodies of work to take into account
    • Insights from Anirudh Krishnas work on Active Social Capital 3 key determinants:
      • Propensity towards collective action
      • Motivation/incentives for collective action
      • Leadership that connects the propensity to, and motivation for, collective action
    • Analyse successful examples of collective action in agriculture and related spheres for women smallholders,
      • South Asia: Agarwals work, SEWA, Grameen
      • Sub Saharan Africa: Asante market women, Shea butter producers
    Comments/suggestions
  • 14.
    • Should the conceptual framework be tweaked as a theory of change matching positive outcomes and impacts with positive determining factors?
    • How to capture wider dynamics of change in the framework to help us anticipate change, adapt to it or mitigate it?
      • Technical and social change
      • Changes due to male migration
      • Climate change
      • Trends in both normative and actual gender relations at h/h level
    Food for thought
  • 15.
    • What aspects of the framework resonate with you?
    • What aspects need rethinking or further development?
    • How may this framework be useful for advancing your own work?
    Other questions for discussion
  • 16.
    • Main highlights of discussion
    • Next steps
    • Upcoming webinars
      • Typology of collective action, Aug. 30
      • Synthesis of phase II findings, Sep. 20
      • Webinars 4-6 starting in November (looking for presenters!)
    Summary and next steps Finalise research design of next phase Summary of todays webinar discussion Further develop conceptual framework Complete Phase II synthesis of findings paper