1. Webinars on Womens Collective Action (WCA) in Agricultural
Markets Webinar 1: Conceptual Framework August 23, 2011,
12:00-13:30 GMT Facilitated by
2.
Aims to identify:
the conditions
types of organisation, and
strategies of support
that enable women to take on strategic roles in markets in ways
that increase womens incomes, assets and empowerment. Oxfams
research on WCA A research, learning and communications project on
womens collective action (WCA) in agricultural markets
3. Three organisations with different perspectives, but a
common issue of interest Collaboration to co-host WCA webinars WCA
Webinars a space where different organisations can share their
research and learning on WCA WCA Pathways Programme Researching
womens collective action project Research on member-based
organisations, etc.
4. Webinar 3: Synthesis of findings, WCA project Sep. 20
Webinar 1: Conceptual framework Aug. 23 Webinar 2: Typology of
collective action Aug. 30 Webinars 4-6 Starting in November Theme
1: Tools for Analysing Collective Action Themes and topics not yet
identified Suggestions welcome! Road map for webinars
Objective for todays webinar on the Conceptual framework:
To enrich and further develop the conceptual framework to be
used to guide phase III of the Researching Womens Collective Action
project
To help participants further develop their own analytical
frameworks or thinking
Today !
5.
Understanding small- holders and collective action
Conceptual framework
Comments and questions to stimulate discussion
Discussion in plenary
Wrap up and next steps
Agenda for today Andrea Rodericks CARE Sally Baden, Oxfam Alison
Mathie, Coady Institute
6.
Many large scale agricultural development programs targeting
smallholder farmers (even those that were evaluated successfully)
have not been effective for poorer segments of smallholder farmers,
especially women.
The Challenge
Development actors need to adapt interventions based on a
better understanding of the specific needs of different types
/segments of women smallholders.
7.
There seem to be a finite set of socio-demographic
characteristics that best define types of rural smallholder
households
Different types of households have different paths of change ,
different barriers and vulnerabilities, and different responses to
opportunities
Yet there are certain combinations of these characteristics
around which households tend to cluster at any point in time
(equilibrium)
Households move between these different clusters, often in
similar ways.
Understanding smallholders
8. Design Finding
Womens collective action to access markets is one important
element of some pathways that some segments of poor women
smallholder farmers take toward more secure and resilient
livelihoods and empowerment
Understanding the role of collectives in these pathways is
key
Collective action
9. FARMING SYSTEM MOTIVATION AND CAPACITY ASSET ENDOWMENT AGE,
SKILLS, LITERACY HOUSEHOLD DYNAMICS NO COLLECTIVE ACTION
LEGAL/POLICY FRAMEWORK PATTERNS OF COLLECTIVE ACTION Gender
relations Social capital External intervention Membership Gender
Composition Functionality Degree of formality Group dynamics &
evolution Governance structure CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DIFFERENT
SUB-SECTORS IMPROVED CAPACITY FOR WOMEN TO BECOME EFFECTIVE ACTORS
IN THE MARKET BUILD UP OF ASSETS EMPOWERMENT INCREASED INCOMES
IMPACT COLLECTIVE OUTCOME LEVEL 1 LEVEL 3 Conceptual Framework
10.
FARMING SYSTEM
Land ownership structure
Level of risk
Gendered division of labour
Distance to market
Transportation constraints
MOTIVATION AND CAPACITY Of a woman smallholder to join collective
action ASSET ENDOWMENT AGE, SKILLS, LITERACY HOUSEHOLD DYNAMICS NO
COLLECTIVE ACTION JOINT COLLECTIVE ACTION Level 1: Motivations and
capacity
11. LEGAL/POLICY FRAMEWORK - Membership criteria - Registration
procedure - Trading permit PATTERNS OF COLLECTIVE ACTION Gender
relations Social capital External intervention Membership Gender
Composition Functionality Degree of formality Group dynamics &
evolution Governance structure
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DIFFERENT SUB-SECTORS
Barriers to womens entry
Gender segregation in various market segments
Risks and opportunities
IMPROVED CAPACITY FOR WOMEN TO BECOME EFFECTIVE ACTORS IN THE
MARKET New spaces and roles for women Capacity to negotiate more
equitable terms of trade Fewer barriers to womens participation in
the sub-sector Level 2: Patterns of collective action
12. IMPROVED CAPACITY FOR WOMEN TO BECOME EFFECTIVE ACTORS IN
THE MARKET New spaces and roles for women Capacity to negotiate
more equitable terms of trade Fewer barriers to womens
participation in the sub-sector
BUILD UP OF ASSETS
Capacity to build and secure control over assets
Diversification of coping strategies
EMPOWERMENT
Self-confidence and leadership skills
Skills, access to information, opportunities
Capacity to influence decisions
Improved bargaining power
INCREASED INCOMES Capacity to generate and control income IMPACT
COLLECTIVE OUTCOME Level 3: Collective outcomes and individual
impact
13.
Bodies of work to take into account
Insights from Anirudh Krishnas work on Active Social Capital 3
key determinants:
Propensity towards collective action
Motivation/incentives for collective action
Leadership that connects the propensity to, and motivation for,
collective action
Analyse successful examples of collective action in agriculture
and related spheres for women smallholders,
South Asia: Agarwals work, SEWA, Grameen
Sub Saharan Africa: Asante market women, Shea butter
producers
Comments/suggestions
14.
Should the conceptual framework be tweaked as a theory of
change matching positive outcomes and impacts with positive
determining factors?
How to capture wider dynamics of change in the framework to
help us anticipate change, adapt to it or mitigate it?
Technical and social change
Changes due to male migration
Climate change
Trends in both normative and actual gender relations at h/h
level
Food for thought
15.
What aspects of the framework resonate with you?
What aspects need rethinking or further development?
How may this framework be useful for advancing your own
work?
Other questions for discussion
16.
Main highlights of discussion
Next steps
Upcoming webinars
Typology of collective action, Aug. 30
Synthesis of phase II findings, Sep. 20
Webinars 4-6 starting in November (looking for
presenters!)
Summary and next steps Finalise research design of next phase
Summary of todays webinar discussion Further develop conceptual
framework Complete Phase II synthesis of findings paper