WAVES

WAVESTypes of wave

Characteristics of WaveMechanical and Electromagnetic Waves

Properties of WaveSound Wave

--Is a particle wave disturbance that moves away from a source and carries energy with it.

WAVE’S MOTION-- the propagation of a pattern caused by a vibration.

WAVE

1. TRANSVERSE WAVES-occur when the individual particles or segments of a medium vibrate from side to side perpendicular to the direction in which the waves travel.2. LONGITUDINAL WAVES-occur when the individual particles of a medium vibrate back and forth in the direction in which the waves travel.

TYPES OF WAVE

CHARACTERISTICS OF WAVE

CHARACTERISTICS OF WAVE

1. Crest and Trough – Highest point and lowest point of wave.

2. Amplitude – is the maximum displacement of a vibrating particle of the medium on either side of its normal position when the wave passes.

3. Wavelength – is the distance between adjacent crest or trough.

4. Frequency – the number of waves that pass particular point every one second.

5. Period – the time required for one cycle, a complete notion that returns to its starting points.

Speed of Wave – distance the wave travels per unit time. It is related to the frequency of the wave and wavelength through the ff. eq: Wave Speed = Frequency x Wavelength

MECHANICAL WAVES--require a medium for wave propagation.

ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES--require no material/medium for them passage--energy from the sun reaches the Earth.

1.REFLECTION- Is the bouncing of it hits a surface.

It change in direction of a wave at an interface between two different medium so that the wave returns to the medium from which its originated.

PROPERTIES OF WAVE

2. REFRACTION- Change in the direction of waves as

they pass from one medium to another medium.

- Bending of waves as they pass from one medium to another medium of different density.

PROPERTIES OF WAVE

3. DIFFRACTION- The bending of waves around small

openings and around edge of barriers.

PROPERTIES OF WAVE

4. INTERFERENCE- The interaction between two waves.

- Is the overlapping of waves.- Can be constructive or destructive.

PROPERTIES OF WAVE

SOUND WAVENature of Wave

Properties of Waves

PITCH-The highness or lowness of sound.

*the frequency of the sound waves determine the pitch of the sound. The higher the frequency of a sound wave, the higher the pitch.

Some Properties of Sound Waves

ULTRASONIC FREQUENCIES-vibrational frequencies beyond 20 000 Hz.

INFRASONIC FREQUENCIES-extremely low frequencies, below 20 Hz.

We can only sense within the frequency range of about 20 Hz to about 20 000 Hz.

LOUDNESS-is how soft or how intense the sound is as perceived by the ear and interpreted by the brain.

Varying Sound*Pleasant*Loud*Noise


LOUDNESS of Sound-depends on the effect of corresponding sound wave on the ear. The louder sound is produced by a wave of greater intensity.


INTENSITY-Is a property of sound which is measured by the amount of energy passing through a unit area per second.-depend on the amplitude of vibrations and the area of the vibratory body perpendicular to the direction of wave motion.


INTENSITY-is measured by various instrument like the oscilloscope.

Logarithmic scale-is used to describe sound intensity which roughly corresponds to loudness.


Decibel

(dB) – the unit of intensity

level for sound

SOUND LEVELS OF DIFFERENT SOUND SOURCES

SOURCES LEVEL (dB)Jet Engine ( 30 m away)Threshold of PainAmplified Rock MusicOld Subway TrainAverage factoryBusy Street TrafficNormal ConversationLibraryClose WhisperNormal Breathing

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WAVES