Waste WaterWaste Water

Video clip

• The sewage treatment process (7.48)

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8isr9nSDCK4

Wastewater Treatment in Asia

• Unsafe Water is responsible for 80% of the deaths in the developing world. Clean drinking water and sanitation are linked.

• Only 35% of the wastewater is treated in Asia

What happens to sewage/wastewater that is not treated?

The Figures in 99 seconds

• See Lack of toilets puts India's health and rural women's safety at risk site (1.39)

• http://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2014/aug/28/toilets-india-health-rural-women-safety

Costs and Benefits to Sanitation

• Wastewater Management and Sanitation in Asia and the Pacific

- http://www.adb.org/features/promoting-wastewater-revolution-asia-adbs-plans-progress-and-initiatives

Sanitation

Costs Benefits

Case study: India

• India - No toilet, no bride (7.18)

• utube.com/watch?v=pyhFGNar08Y

• India's sanitation crisis (2.23)

• utube.com/watch?v=orIFs72HGmM

• India's toilet revolution (6.12)

• utube.com/watch?v=Y9j7IEcWXAA

Millennial Goal on Sanitation

• 2015 – Target has not been met

Open Defecation - India

• Many villages and urban slums have no toilet

• 50% of population in India still practices open defecation

Issues in SanitationCase Study: India

• No access to toilet impacts HEALTH

– Spread of disease

– Dehydration, death

– Many women suffer urinary tract problems and gastric problems

– Impacts elderly, women, children

• Environment

– Open defecation causes pollution of waterways

– Unsafe for food production

– Alternative sewage systems have been designed that are suitable for small scale treatment, i.e. For Individual households

– Low cost, use no or little water, solar powered

• Financial Cost of building, maintaining, cleaning toilets and wastewater management systems

– Large scale costs – e.g. World Bank, Asian Development Bank

– Small scale projects – e.g. for toilet in home, loans from NGO’s

• Cultural Norms

– Resistance by many (mostly men) who say open defecation is their culture

– Women shamed to be seen - wait till dark

• Education

– Next generation being educated about sanitation

– If no toilet at school, many girls drop out

Having a toilet, increases…

• Safety

– Accidents from falling down ditches etc

– Harassment

– Rape

• Dignity, Privacy

• Time saved

Wastewater Treatment

• Delhi sewage system outdated

• Discharges directly into river

Alternatives to Conventional Wastewater Management

• Local systems

• Low water using systems

• Who is responsible?

– Household?

– Community?

– Government?

Prep

• Reinvent the Toilet Fair, Delhi, India (overview tour of the exhibits) (8.50)

– https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b0CMtwfNIa4

• Prepare long answer for test next Thursday