Voice - Active voice

- Passive voice

VOICEIn grammar, the form of a verb indicating the

relation between the participants (subject, object) in a narrated event and the event itself.

English grammar distinguishes between the active voice (“The hunter killed the bear”) and the passive voice (“The bear was killed by the hunter”). In the active voice, the emphasis is on the subject of the active verb (the agent performing the action named), whereas the passive voice indicates that the subject receives the action.

TYPES OF VOICE

Voice

Active voice

Passive voice

CHANGE OF VOICE

ArunActive Subject

HelpedActive Verb

SumanActive Object

SumanPassive Subject

Was HelpedPassive Verb

By ArunOptional Agent

ACTIVE VOICE

A verb is said to be in the Active voice when its subject acts or when the emphasis is on the doer or the subject. The active voice is so called because the person denoted by the subject acts.

E.g. :

Sachin Plays Cricket.

PASSIVE VOICEA verb is said to be in the Passive voice

when the subject is being acted upon or when the emphasis is on the Object or the work done.

E.g. :

Hockey is played by neha.

TENSE CHART PASSIVE VOICETense Simple Progressive Perfect

Present Is/am/are + V3Is seenAm seenAre seen

Is/am/are + Being+ V3Is being seenAm being seenAre being seen

Has/Have + Being+ V3Has being seenHave being seen

Past Was/Were+V3Was seenWere seen

Was/Were + Being +V3Was being seenWere being seen

Had + Been +V3Had been seen

Future Will/Shall + be + V3Will be seenShall be seen -

Will/Shall + Have + been + V3Will have be seenShall have be seen

NOMINATIVE CASE TO OBJECTIVE CASEPersonal Pronoun of the Nominationative case

Personal Pronoun of the Objective case

I Me

We Us

You You

He Him

She Her

It Its

They Them

Who Whom

Is Changed to

RULES & EXAMPLE

SIMPLE PRESENT (INDEFINITES) TENSE

Assertive Sentence

Active Voice(V 1st form + s/es)

Passive voice(Is/am/are + V 3rd form)

They help me. I am helped by them.

Negative Sentence

Active Voice(Do/Does not + V 1st form )

Passive voice(Is/am/are + V 3rd form

He does not respect his teacher His teacher are not respected by him

Interrogative Sentence

Active Voice(Do/Does +Subject V 1st form)

Passive voice(Is/am/are + Subject + V 3rd form

Does she teach you English? Is English taught to you by her?

RULES & EXAMPLE PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Present Continuous tense

Active Voice(Is/am/are + V 1st form + ing)

Passive voice(Is/am/are + Being + V 3rd form)

She is preparing tea. Tea is Being Prepared By her.

They are playing hockey Hockey is being played by them.

RULES & EXAMPLE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

Present Perfect tenseActive Voice

(Has/Have + V 3rd form)Passive voice

(Has/Have + Been + V 3rd form)

The gardener has plucked the flowers. The flowers have been plucked by the gardener.

The carpenter has made the table. The table has been made by carpenter.

RULES & EXAMPLE

PAST INDEFINITE TENSE

Past Indefinite tenseActive Voice(V 2nd form)

Passive voice(Was/Were + V 3rd form)

They kept us waiting. We were kept waiting by them.

He ran a race A race was run by him.

Did she run a great risk? Was a great risk run by her?

You did not help me yesterday. I was not helped yesterday by you.

RULES & EXAMPLE

PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE

Past Continuous tenseActive Voice

(Was/Were + V 1st form + ing)Passive voice

(Was/Were + being + V 3rd form)

The boys were not learning their lesson. Their lesson was not being learnt by the boys.

She was not wasting her time Her time was not being wasted by her.

Who was milking the cow? By whom Was the cow being milked?

RULES & EXAMPLE

PAST PERFECT TENSE

Past Perfect tenseActive Voice

(Had + V 3rd form )Passive voice

(Had + been + V 3rd form)

Someone had invited me to the party. I had been invited to the party.

She had not learnt her lesson. Her lesson had not been learnt by her.

Who had abused her? By whom had she been abused?

RULES & EXAMPLEFUTURE INDEFINITE TENSE

Future Indefinite tenseActive Voice

(Shill/Will + V 1st form )Passive voice

(Shill/Will + be + V 3rd form)

She will sing a song. A song will be sung by her.

Why will she write a letter? Why will a letter be written by her?

I shall help him. He will be helped by me.

RULES & EXAMPLE

FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

Furure Perfect tenseActive Voice

(Shill/Will + Have + V 1st form)Passive voice

(Shill/Will + Have been + V 3rd form)

Arun will have read many books. Many books will have been finished by eight.

The gardener will not have planted trees. Trees will have been planted by the gardener.

Will you have learnt your lesson by then? Will your lesson have been learnt by you by then?

RULES & EXAMPLEVERBS FOLLOWED BY MODALS

Verbs Followed By ModalsCan, could, may, might, would, should, ought to ,must etc.

Active Voice Passive voice

May god bless you. May you be blessed.

One must keep one’s promise. Promise must be kept.

You can Do this work. This work can be done by you.

RULES & EXAMPLEIMPERATIVE SENTENCE

Imperative sentenceRequested to/advised to/ordered to

Form: Let + new object + be + not be + V 3rd form.

Active Voice Passive voice

Do it. Let it be done.

Open the door. You are Ordered to open the door.

Come here, please. You are requested to come here.

Work hard. You are advised to work hard.

RULES & EXAMPLEPREPOSITION OTHER THAN ‘B’

Preposition other than ‘B’

Known to, alarmed to, annoyed at, contained in, surprised at, lined up, etc.

Active Voice Passive voice

This news alarmed us. We were alarmed at this news.

I know him. He is known to me.

Social work interests me. I am insterested in the social work.

RULES & EXAMPLEAGENT NOT EXPRESS IN THE PASSIVE

VOICE

Agent not express in the passive voice

Active Voice Passive voice

The thief was arrested. (The police) arrested the theif.

His speech was cheered. (The audience) cheered his speech.

Duty must be done. (One) must do (one’s)duty.

Thank you

Name :mukul

Class : X ‘B’

K.V.S. sec-14 Gurgaon

Second shift