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Visual Learning
LearningWhat’s wrong with the
• bulleted
• PowerPoint
• lecture
• format?
Our Brains!
•A contract can either be expressed or implied.
•Express Contract, where the contract and its terms are stated by the parties. An express contract can be a:
•Written contract•Verbal contract (Oral, but not written or signed)
•Implied Contract, where the contract and its terms are created by law, due to the conduct of the parties.
•If the parties act like they have an agreement, a court can enforce the agreement
•Both kinds of contracts are interpreted by a court based upon what a reasonable person would believe the contract terms were.
•The interpretation is a question of fact for a judge or jury based upon evidence of writings or actions of the parties.
Reducing the amount of text on your slides
• Design better slides by decreasing the number of words– PowerPoint slides have too much text!
• You force your students to read• If they are reading, then they’re not listening to you!• To make it even worse, many of them are trying to write down what is on your slides.• Those students are really not listening to you.• If they could just read your presentation, then coming to class is not worthwhile.
• Too much text on a slide is confusing– It is difficult to focus on main points and when you make the type smaller so that
everything fits on the slide, it becomes virtually unreadable on-screen.– When you treat a PowerPoint slide like a Word document then this is what you get.
• To make your slides easier to understand, you need to reduce the amount of text on them.
– The way to do this is using the “Analyze and Synthesize” method.• Analyze by determining what you are trying to say and synthesize by condensing long
sentences into brief ones, using fewer bullet points, etc. • You don’t need to write in complete sentences, let alone entire paragraphs
– Images help to increase understanding.• Also, try to avoid dark backgrounds and white or light colored text. You can see how difficult it
is to read this.
Getting rid of bullets
Rule of Four
Civilization in Mesopotamia
The City State of Ancient Mesopotamia
Begins at Sumer (c. 3000 B.C.)
City States (Eridu, Ur, Uruk, Umma, Lagash)
Temples to the gods / Ziggurats
Theocracy (gods rule the cities through priests)
Kingship (divine in Origin)
Economy Primarily Agricultural
Some Trade
Three Major Social Groups
• Nobles, Commoners and Slaves
Birds of a Feather
XXXooo
Goldilocks
Hours of Video Uploaded Every Minute
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
8
13
24
35
48
Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer
Richard
Mayer
Dual Channel
Make
Overs
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Created by Tom Wegleitner, Centreville, Virginia
Slide 32
For a set of data, the 5-number summary consists of the minimum value; the first quartile Q1; the median (or second quartile Q2); the third quartile, Q3; and the maximum value
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
A boxplot ( or box-and-whisker-diagram) is a graph of a data set that consists of a line extending from the minimum value to the maximum value, and a box with lines drawn at the first quartile, Q1; the median; and the third quartile, Q3
Slide 33
Figure 2-16
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
The days of the year were represented by the numbers from 1 to 366 written on slips of paper. The slips were placed in separate plastic capsules that were mixed in a shoebox and then dumped into a deep glass jar. Capsules were drawn from the jar one at a time.
The first day number drawn was 257 (September 14), so all registrants with that birthday were assigned lottery number 1. All men of draft age (born 1944 to 1950) who shared a birth date would be called to serve at once.
People soon noticed that the lottery numbers were not distributed uniformly over the year. In particular, November and December births, or dates 306 to 366, were assigned mainly to lower draft numbers representing earlier calls to serve (see figure). This led to complaints that the lottery was not random as the legislation required. Analysis of the procedure suggested that mixing 366 capsules in the shoe box did not mix them sufficiently before dumping them into the jar. ("The capsules were put in a box month by month, January through December, and subsequent mixing efforts were insufficient to overcome this sequencing." However, the non-uniform lottery was allowed to stand.
Example: 1970 Draft Lottery
1970 Selective Service Lottery
Scatterplot appears to show
random results
DRAFT
NO.
DAY OF YEAR
Scatterplot grouped by month
still appears random
DRAFT
NO.
MONTH
Boxplots reveal the lottery was
not random
MONTH
DRAFT
NO.
This is a Boxplot for a true
random lottery
DRAFT
NO.
MONTH
In 1970 a December birthday
increased your draft chances
1970 1971
Physical Science in
Visual Technology
Lecture 1
Light and Light Waves
Slide 42Light Phenomena
Reflection
Specular and Diffuse
Refraction
Bending of light at the interface of two media
Dispersion
The index of refraction depends on the wavelength of light
Diffraction
Light spreads out when passing through a narrow aperture
Light Phenomena
Reflection
Refraction
Dispersion
Diffraction
Reflection
• Specular is mirror
reflection
• Diffuse is scattered
reflection
Refraction
• The bending of
light rays as they
pass into different
media
Dispersion
• Light of different
wavelengths (color)
are refracted at
different angles
Diffraction
• The spreading of
light rays as they
pass thru a narrow
aperture
Let’s Try One Together
What can we do
to improve the next slide
and enhance student learning?
Copyright © 2009 South-Western Legal Studies in Business,
a part of South-Western Cengage Learning.
53
Patents
First person to invent, not file, gets protection.
Searchable database at www.pto.gov
What is patentable? Almost anything except: (1)
laws of nature, (2) natural phenomenon, (3)
abstract ideas.
Patents for Software are now available.
Patents for Business Processes.
– State Street Bank & Trust Co. v. Signature Financial
Group, Inc. (1998).
Copyright © 2009 South-Western Legal Studies in Business,
a part of South-Western Cengage Learning.54
END
