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http://videoplan.witness.org | This intro to video production will review the basic rules of filming and composition, different shot types, how to set-up formal interviews, using different types of shots in an action sequence. After the introduction, participants will conduct an exercise to practice the key lessons in this session. WITNESS Training Curriculum - part of module 3
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VideomakingWorkshop
WITNESS invites you to use, remix and share this curriculum. All materials are under Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial ShareAlike 3.0 License.
You can also find more video advocacy training materials at www.witness.org.
Objective
To introduce basic camera skills and techniques as it relates to filming an action and conducting interviews.
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In This Session
– Basic rules of filming– Different shot types or focal lengths and
how they are used in a video sequence– Basic camera composition including: the
rule of thirds and viewpoint – How to properly frame and set up a formal
interview– Using different shot types to film an action
sequence– The completion of a camera exercise
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Ground Rules for Filming
• Keep the camera steady and use a tripod when possible
• Never “Hosepipe”• Follow the 10-15 second rule• Get good sound• Lighting matters
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Build a meaningful sequence with your shots
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Click on this link to watch a video example illustrating how different shot types are used to tell a visual story:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=misIwDje6DQ
Build a meaningful sequence with your shots
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The different shots in the video (shown here as stills) were used to tell a simple story.
WIDE SHOT (WS)
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- A shot that shows the full context of a scene- Often used as an establishing shot to orientate viewers
LONG SHOT (LS)
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- A shot framed so that the subject and their surroundings can be seen- Used to show your audience what action is taking place within a scene
MEDIUM SHOT (MS)
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- Between a long shot and a medium shot (e.g. from the waist up)- Used to bring your audience closer to the action or subject while
maintaining a respectful distance
MEDIUM CLOSE-UP (MCU)
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- Between a medium shot and a close-up (e.g. from the chest up)- Shot most often used in framing an interview
CLOSE-UP (CU)
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- The subject is very large in the frame, revealing detail only (for example the face or hands). Can be used to pick out detail in a scene
- In an interview, a CU can be used for more intimate moments
Rule of Thirds
Frame your subject so they are positioned on the intersection of any 2 or more lines.
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Rule of Thirds Example
Click on this link to see different examples of composition following the rule of thirds:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3bTpx0UKxTE
Viewpoint
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View Point Example
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Click on this link to see different camera viewpoints in a sequence:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mwUwn53OxNM
Viewpoint in Interviews
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Framing an Interview
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Talking Space & Eye Line
Incorrect
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Correct
Headroom
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Headroom
Incorrect
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Correct
Eye-Line
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What Works? What Doesn’t?
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Setting Up an Interview
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Camera Exercise45 minutes
Roles In groups of three each participant should take turns performing the following three roles:
Camera Person: Records the interview
Interviewer: Conducts the interview
Interviewee: Responds to the questions
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The Interview
Using a lavaliere microphone and a tripod take turns recording a short interview using two different shot types:
Medium Close-Up Shots:- Tell me about yourself and how you got involved in human rights.- Why did you decide to attend this Video Advocacy Training?
Close-Up:- How will video help you in your human rights work?
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The Interview
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Click on this link to see video examples of the interview exercise:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lZ7RBepEgz8
The Action Sequence
Using a shot gun microphone and a tripodtake turns recording your interviewee performing a simple action.
Record the action using three shots:• Long Shot• Medium Shot • Close Up
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The Action Sequence
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Click on this link to see video examples the action sequence exercise:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=misIwDje6DQ
Summary
• Make sure your camera shots are steady and held for at least 10-15 sec.
• Affectively use different shot types and viewpoints to tell a visual story
• Frame shots using the Rule of Thirds• Properly frame interviews keeping in
mind: viewpoint, talking space, eye line and headroom
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Introduction to Production Workshop
WITNESS invites you to use, remix and share this curriculum. All materials are under Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial ShareAlike 3.0 License.
You can also find more video advocacy training materials at www.witness.org.
