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Open TextbooksAccess, Affordability, and Academic Success
David Ernst, PhD
University of Minnesota
@dernst
By David Ernst. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
–United Nations Universal Declaration of
Human Rights
“…higher education shall be
equally accessible to all…”
The cost barrier kept
2.4 million
low and moderate-income college-qualified high
school graduates from completing college in the
previous decade.
The Advisory Committee on Student Financial Assistance http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED529499.pdf
$2,000
$3,000
$4,000
$5,000
$6,000
$7,000
$8,000
$9,000
1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013
US Higher Education Funding - $/FTE
State Funding Tuition Revenue
http://www.sheeo.org
$1,000
$2,000
$3,000
$4,000
$5,000
$6,000
$7,000
$8,000
$9,000
$10,000
1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013
Wisconsin Higher Education Funding - $/FTE
State Funding Tuition Revenue
http://www.sheeo.org
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Hours
@ M
inim
um
Wage
Year
Affording Annual Tuition at the University of Minnesota
The average borrower owes more than
$28,950
in student loans (class of 2014).
http://ticas.org/posd/map-state-data-2015
University of Wisconsin Stout = $27,397
$400
$500
$600
$700
$800
$900
$1,000
$1,100
$1,200
$1,300
$1,400
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
$ B
illio
ns
US Debt
Consumer Revolving Credit Student Loan Debt
Federal Reserve http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/g19/Current/
What can we do?
Tuition and Fees
Room and Board
Books and Supplies
Personal Expenses
Transportation
What can we do?
Tuition and Fees
Room and Board
Books and Supplies
Personal Expenses
Transportation
0%
100%
200%
300%
400%
500%
600%
700%
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012
% I
ncre
ase
Increase in Textbook Prices
Textbooks CPIBureau of Labor Statistics http://www.bls.gov/cpi/
http://www.nbcnews.com/feature/freshman-year/college-textbook-prices-have-risen-812-percent-1978-n399926
The average student should budget
$1,249 - $1,364
for books and supplies in 2015-16.
http://trends.collegeboard.org/college-pricing/figures-tables/average-estimated-undergraduate-budgets-2014-15
http://www.collegedata.com/cs/data/college/college_pg03_tmpl.jhtml?schoolId=1696
University of Wisconsin Stout = $165.36 - $396 !
What do you think about the cost of
textbooks?
What do you think about the cost of
textbooks?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0d6HT
N6llgo
The Academic Impact
Purchase an older edition of the textbook
Delay purchasing the textbook
Never purchase the textbook
Share the textbook with other students
–U of MN Student
"I figured French hadn't changed
that much.”
59%
of students report that they have had to wait
for their financial aid check to purchase
textbooks.
Unpublished Minnesota State University Student Association survey
Have you ever delayed purchasing a textbook because
of cost?
Have you ever delayed purchasing a textbook because
of cost?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rjaTJC
8zZJ4
7/10
students surveyed hadn’t bought a required
textbook due to cost.
http://www.slideshare.net/txtbks/open-education-and-solving-the-textbook-cost-crisis
63.6% Not purchase the required textbook
49.2% Take fewer courses
45.1% Not register for a specific course
33.9% Earn a poor grade
26.7% Drop a course
17.0% Fail a course
In your academic career, has the cost of
required textbooks caused you to:
http://www.openaccesstextbooks.org/pdf/2012_Florida_Student_Textbook_Survey.pdf
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-
4IswNs0WWE
Other models…
Where does the funding come
from?
Universities (SUNY, Umass Amherst, Oregon State)
Foundations (Hewlett Foundation)
Governments (California, British Columbia)
Professional Organizations (CALI)
All Rights
Reserved
Some Rights
Reserved
Plus…
With Creative Commons licenses,
you are free to…
Copy Mix
Share Keep
Edit Use
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
E1zAcm0lXn0
Introductory, algebra-based, two-semester
college physics
1272 pages
Available in
ePub
Web
Bookshare (accessible)
Instructor solution manual
Powerpoint slides
open.umn.edu
Open Textbook Reviews
0 05
1
10
48
9195
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1.0-1.5 1.5-2.0 2.0-2.5 2.5-3.0 3.0-3.5 3.5-4.0 4.0-4.5 4.5-5.0
Reviews
Ra ngs
11 Peer Reviewed Studies
http://openedgroup.org/
48,623 Students
http://openedgroup.org/
93% Same or Better Outcomes
http://openedgroup.org/
9 Peer Reviewed Studies of Perceptions of OER Quality
http://openedgroup.org/
4,510 Professors and Students
http://openedgroup.org/
50%35%Better
15%Worse
http://openedgroup.org/
What can we do?
Take a look!
Write a review!
Adopt if a book meets the needs of you and your
students
Raise awareness - talk with colleagues in your
program and department
Writing a Review
Is there is a textbook in the Open Textbook Library
that fits your class and/or expertise?
Departmental funding for:
1. attending this workshop, and
2. reviewing a textbook in the Open Textbook Library
Writing a Review
1. You will receive an email with a link to the online review form.
2. Complete a concise review by January 10, 2016.
3. The review will be posted on the Open Textbook Library under an open license.
4. Departmental funding will be paid.
David [email protected]
@dernst
Slides: http://slideshare.net/djernst
Open Textbook Library: open.umn.edu
By David Ernst. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.