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US CH7 09 Industrial Revolution

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Industrial Revolution

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Page 1: US CH7 09 Industrial Revolution
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QUIZ Ch 6 Sec 4

1. Name of group who wanted war with Britain

2. Battle between the Natives and Americans

3. Name the 4th President of US

4. Term for pride for one’s nation

5. Name the two Native American brothers who wanted to preserve their culture

6. Term for US soldiers forced to work on Britain side

7. Name the war between Britain and US

8. He wrote the Star Spangled Banner

9. The Leader of the group who wanted to go to war with Britain

10. Term for complete halt of trade to any country

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Chapter 7

Objective: Given the information through PowerPoint discussion Students will

1. Describe effects of Industrial Revolution 2. Explain how two different economy system develop in

North and South3. Describe and summarize the American system

With 80% accuracy

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Objective: To examine the impact of the cotton gin on American society.

Do Now: Which of the following inventions has had the largest impact on American society? Pick one, and explain your choice.

• Train

• Car

• Plane

• Other (fill in the blank)

• Refrigerator

• Telephone

• Television

• Computer

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Revolution- change

Industrial

Revolution

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Industrial Revolution

• Birthplace: England

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Samuel Slater• the first who knew how to build as well as operate

textile machines. • built the first successful water powered textile mill in

Pawtucket in 1793

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Textile Mill

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Francis LowellIn 1814, Francis Lowell opened a textile factory

in Waltham, MA.• . • the first textile

mill in America where all operations for converting raw cotton into finished cloth could be performed under one roof, in favor of mass production (production of goods in large quantities)

• The workforce at these factories was three-quarters women.

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1845 Lowell factory pamphlet

* As a result, the U.S. no longer had to buy finished textile products from Europe!

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Irish Immigrant Girls at LowellIrish Immigrant Girls at Lowell

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Factory Workers

• Women were paid half as much as men.

• Working hours were long, and wages were low.

Ex.) 12-15 hour work days

Earnings: men - $5 per week

women - $2 per week

children - $ 1 per week

• Cities developed as farmers and immigrants took available factory jobs.

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New EnglandTextile

Centers:

1830s

New EnglandTextile

Centers:

1830s

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New England Dominance in Textiles

New England Dominance in Textiles

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Differences in Economy

NORTH NORTH Industrial and farming Industrial and farming (various small crops)(various small crops)

SOUTH SOUTH Agriculture (cotton – Agriculture (cotton – one crop & Slavery)one crop & Slavery)

WESTWEST The Nation’s The Nation’s “Breadbasket“Breadbasket””

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Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin, 1791

Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin, 1791

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· It was difficult to make a profit from cotton because cottonseeds were removed by hand.

Cotton Gin

Cotton Ball, picked 1915

Georgia

Ex.) It took one person an entire day to clean one pound of cotton.

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• Therefore, Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin in 1793.

Eli Whitney’s cotton gin.

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Negative impact of cotton gin: Increase slavery

Positive impact: increase production

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Henry Clay (The Great Compromiser)

American System• A plan to strengthen

and unify the nation, – Support for a high

tariff (tax on import) to protect American industries

– Preserve the Bank to stabilize the currency

– Develop internal improvements (such as roads and canals) to link the nation together

To end dependence on Britain

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Cumberland (National Road), 1811

Cumberland (National Road), 1811

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Cumberland (National Road), 1811

Cumberland (National Road), 1811

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Erie Canal- first canalErie Canal- first canal

Begun in 1817; completed in 1825Begun in 1817; completed in 1825

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Erie Canal- first canalErie Canal- first canal

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Erie Canal- first canalErie Canal- first canal

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Quiz Ch 7 Sec 1

1. What caused US to turn from rural to urban economy?2. Who invented the Cotton gin?3. Name one positive impact of the cotton gin4. Who was known as the great compromiser?5. Who was the first to build power textile machines in the

US?6. Name the 1st canal7. Name one negative impact of the cotton gin8. What does tariff mean?9. Who was the 1st person to convert all textile mill under

one roof?10.Name the 1st national road11.System that will link and unite the country together.

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• Objectives: Given information through PowerPoint presentation regarding the rise of the national feeling in the US, the students will– Describe the effects of five measures and policies and

how they promoted nationalism with 75% accuracy.

• Anticipatory Set:– Ask students to think about how members of a group

make decisions• Who should have the final authority?• How is the relationship between the group and its members

like that between the federal and state government

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James Monroe

• 5TH President• “Era of Good Feeling”

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In 1815, Aaron Ogden obtained a right under the monopoly and began to run a steamboat between New Jersey and New York City.

• In 1818 Thomas Gibbons, one of Ogden’s former partners, began a competing operation between Elizabethtown, New Jersey, and New York City, which operated under a federal license.

• Ogden sued Gibbons for violation of his monopoly.

Ogden monopoly (obtain license from NY)

Gibbons obtain license from federal

NEW YORK

NEW JERSEY

MONOPOLY- company controls an industry or is the only provider of a product:

Gibbons v. Ogden

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Does congress’ power extend to commerce withinwithin the States?

• Commerce among the States must, of neces-sity, be commerce with the States

• if a foreign voyage may commence or ter-minate at a port within a State, then the power of Congress may be exercised within a State.

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What portion of the ferry trip between NY and NJ does congress have power to regulate?

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Can it regulate the intra-state portion? Wholly intra-state?

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Gibbons v. Ogden

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Thomas Gibbons

Aaron Ogden

John Marshall

Federal Laws are Supreme

• Marshall stated that a law enacted by a state must yield to any conflicting federal law, regardless of the authority of the state to adopt the law.

• Ruling: federal government controls interstate commerce

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1. In 1816, Congress chartered The Second Bank of the United States.

• James McCulloch

National Bank

TAX 2. In 1818, the

state of Maryland passed

legislation to impose taxes on

the bank.

3. James W. McCulloch, the cashier of the Baltimore

branch of the bank, refused to pay the tax.

McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)

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• Can Maryland impose a tax on the Bank of the United States?

v.

Ruling: state cannot overturn laws passed by Congress (State cannot tax Federal institution)

John Marshall

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Fletcher argued sale of the land had been

declared invalid, Peck had no legal right to

sell the land and thus committed a breach of

contract.

• John Peck acquired land then sold the land to Robert Fletcher three years later, claiming that past sales of the land had been legitimate

In 1795, the Georgia state legislature passed a land grant awarding territory to four companies. The following year, however, the Georgia legislature voided the land grants it awarded to companies and declared all rights invalid

LAND GRANT

YAZOO LAND

FLETCHER

V

PECK

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Question: • Could the contract between Fletcher and Peck be

invalidated by an act of the Georgia legislature?• Conclusion: • In a unanimous opinion, the Court held that since the

estate had been legally "passed into the hands of a purchaser for a valuable consideration," the Georgia legislature could not take away the land or invalidate the contract., the Court held that laws annulling contracts or grants made by previous legislative acts were constitutionally impermissible.

Ruling: legalize contract and made them binding

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Nationalism Shapes Foreign Policy

• Secretary of State John Quincy Adams -Spain cedes Florida to U.S. in Adams-Onís Treaty

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The Monroe Doctrine (1823)

• warns Europe not to interfere in Americas

- Napoleon defeated by Spain and Portugal

- Spain, Portugal claim old colonies;

- Russia has trading posts in CA

- US wants more land (northern Mexico, Cuba)

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Missouri CompromiseExpansion to the West• Most settlers go west for

land, economic opportunity • Compromise—preserves balance between slave, free states

• Maine admitted as free state,

• Missouri as slave state

• divides Louisiana Territory at 3630’ line: slavery legal in south

US has : 11 Free State11 Slave StateMissouri became a state: ?

South accused North of ending slavery

North accused South of extending slavery

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TEXTBOOK

Questions and Answers

Pg 213 Main Idea Letter A and B

Pg 215 Main Idea letter C and D

Pg 216 Skillbuilder 1 and 2 (Answers only)

Pg 217 Main idea letter E

Pg 221 Skillbuilder 1 and 2 (Answers only)

Pg 223 Skillbuilder 1 and 2 (answers only)

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Quiz 16 period 21. What country owned Florida2. Case that violated state from taxing any federal institution3. Document that warns European not to come to America4. The compromise that preserved the balance between

slave and free state5. Term for a company that is the only provider of a product6. Who was the secretary of state during Monroe’s

presidency7. Who was the 5th president8. Name the case that gave power to the federal to handle

interstate commerce9. Case that made contracts legal and binding10. Agreement that ceded Florida to US

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QUIZ 12 PERIOD 1

1. Who was the cashier of the National Bank2. The case that invalidate state taxing federal institution3. A company that is the only provider of a product4. Document that warns Europe not to come to US5. Who was the secretary of state during Monroe’s

presidency6. The case that legalize contract and made them binding7. Agreement that ceded Florida to US8. Who was the 5th president9. Event that preserve the balance between slave and free

state10. What state was admitted as a free state to preserve the

balance

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QUIZ 16 PERIOD 3

1. What was the dispute between Gibbons v. Ogden2. Who was the secretary of state3. Term for ‘becoming a part of”4. Who was the 5th president5. Name the case that made contract legal and binding6. What line was the boundary that divides the free and

slave states7. What treaty purchased Florida from Spain8. Who won between McCulloch v. Maryland9. What event did the US warn Europe to stay away form

our land10. Term fro company with complete control or the only

provider of a product

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Quiz 15 Period 4

1. What case made all contract legal and binding2. What was the new state created under the compromise3. How many state were slaves state4. What is the only provider of a product5. Who was the 5th president6. What document warned Europe not to interfere in

America7. What case stated that the states can not tax federal

institution8. How many states were free state 9. Who is the secretary of state10. Which case state that the federal government control

interstate commerce