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Bhagwan Mahavir College of
Engineering and Technology
PRESENTATION ON
Prepared by : Ankit Gangani
140060106055
Index
Introduction to Urban Mass Transportation System
Requirement of Mass transportation system
Concept of travel demand for modeling
-Aspects in travel demand
Factors affecting travel demand
Sequential & Simultaneous models
-Aggregate & Disaggregate approach
Types of Mass transit system
Advantages of Mass Transportation System
Opportunities in Mass Transportation System
Urban Mass Transportation
Urbanization + Transport = Urban Mass Transportation
Cities (Urban Areas) play a vital role in promoting economic growth and prosperity of a nation.
The development of cities largely depends upon their physical,social, and institutional infrastructure. Transport demand inmost Indian cities has increased substantially, due to increasesin population as a result of both natural increase and migrationfrom rural areas and smaller towns.
Urbanization Trend : India
Parameter 1951 2001 2011
Population (million) 361 1027 1210
Urban Population (million)
(Level of Urbanisation)
62.4
(17.2%)
285
(27.7%)
377
(31.1%)
Metropolitan Cities
(Population in million)
5
(11.9)
35
(107.88)
53
(160.70)
Metro Population
(% of Total Population)
3.3% 10.5% 13.3%
Metro Population
(% of Urban Population)
18.8% 37.8% 42.6%
Ave. Population / Metro 2.35 mill. 3.08 mill. 3.03 mill.
Source: Census of India Report
Requirement of Mass transit system
177
272
175
266
166
50 59
158
252
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Ahm
edaba
d
Ban
galore
Chen
nai
Delhi
Hyd
erab
ad
Kolka
ta
Mum
bai
Pun
e
Surat
City Name
No
s.
of
Veh
icle
/1000 P
op
ula
tio
n
Vehicular Population: Ownership Profile
Transit Use by City Size
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50000 100000 500000 1000000
Tra
nsi
t T
rip
s
Population
Captive Riders Choice Riders
Source: VTPI, 2011
9
360 moped or 300 Cars or 6 Buses or 1 Metro
To solve the traffic congestion problem, the best method is encourage the use of public transport or mass transport.
Travel Options???
Share of Public Transport
Planning Approach….Reversal Needed….
Concept of travel demand
Travel demand :- it refers to the amount and type oftravel people would choose under specificconditions. considering factors such as the quality oftransport option available and their prices.
Hidden demand:- it refers to decisions related tocreation and management of transportation andtraffic facilities.
Transportation demand :-It is concentrated at
specific times that are related to the current activity pattern of the society for example social and recreational trips. also in such type of demand forecasts will be poor.
Major Aspects in travel demand
Land use :- It refers to pattern of land usage inan area. Land use affects the transportationdemand through generation and distribution oftrips.
Trip purpose:- It refers to purpose for whichthe trip is being undertaken. A trip is amovement from origin to destination, thedistance between origin and destination iscalled trip length. and the time taken is knownas trip time.
Factors affecting travel demand
Socio-economic factors
Location factors
Public transport accessibility factors
Socio-economic factors :
Household income
Occupation status
Family size and composition of household
Cultural aspects
Number of cars per household
Location factors
Population
Residential density
Distance of household from town center( central business district)
Public transport accessibility factors
Nearness of public transport facility
Efficiency and reliability of public transport
Fare structure, routing etc.
Factors affecting choice of travel mode
Purpose of trip Distance traveled Income of traveler Occupational status of the traveler
Sequential and simultaneous models
It consists of four descriptors.
Trip frequency
Destination
Mode
Route and other choice
SEQUENTIAL
MODEL
Aggregate and disaggregate approaches
Aggregate approach:- This develops relationship
between trip production and attraction with appropriateindependent variable, at zone level, using regression analysis. Itrefers to grouped data & pattern but may vary from zone tozone.(simultaneous models)
Disaggregate approach :- This is based on
development of equations describing independent variable on thetrip making as a basic unit. Data required is based on householdcharacteristics.(sequential models)
Urban mass transit system
It is based on two types and they are as follows :-
1. Road based transit
2. Rail based transit
Road base transit involves
Buses and coach
City buses / commuter buses
BRTS
Rail based transit
Trains
Commuter rails & suburban rails
Metro trains
Mono rail
Light rail transit system
Sky rail
Metro Train
• Rapid Rail Transit• Very High Capacity• Low Air Pollution• High Noise Pollution• 25 to 60 kmph• High Cost
Mumbai Metro Train Ride
Mono Rail
It comprises of a single rail track with vehicle suspended from or straddling the guide way
MONORAIL train in Sydney CBD,Ausralia
World’s Longest Straddle-type Monorailin southwest China
Chongqing Rail Transit,china
"Electric Elevated Railway (Suspension Railway, Germany.
Light Rail Transit System
Lighter vehicles & lighter track
Exclusive ROW ,Underground or on embankments
Vancouvercity Columbia, Canada.
Jakarta Light Rail Transit,Indonesia
LRT in Surrey, south east of England
Sky Rail
It is modified version of LRT automatic.
Chances of accidents are reduced due to complete automation.
Capital cost is high
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwji5bajtK7TAhVFqY8KHZjVAkUQjRwIBw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.riskovik.com%2Farbitrage%2Fpsn%2Ffull%2F1033%2F&psig=AFQjCNGmO9hcVwMdYKjrkoh4p8oqREzTRA&ust=1492618744987611
Advantages of mass transit system
Environmental impacts
Social impacts
Fuel saving
Economic impacts
Freight impacts
Reduces congestion
Save time
Cost effective
Sustainable
Social
Opportunities in Mass transit system
• Corridor Integration
• Pedestrian Integration
• Bicycle Integration
• Other Public Transport
Systems Integration
• Para-Transit Or
Intermediate Public
Transport Integration
• Park and Ride
Integration
What needs to be Integrated …………?
Opportunities in Mass transit system
Opportunities in Mass transit system
Everyday lives are taken for granted in urban areas
Source: Google.com
URBAN TRANSPORTATION: SOME TYPICAL SCENES
Opportunities in Mass transit system
Opportunities in Mass transit system
Public Awareness
……….Changing people’schoice of travel fromprivate vehicles to publictransport……??????
Opportunities in Mass transit system
Its setup is incredible expensive
Possibility of attacked or being robbed
Malfunctioning of equipment as well as servicedisruptions caused due to labor strikes
Passengers may be attacked by infectious diseases
Late night safety is not assured
Accident may cause large casualties
Change in time of certain buses may causeinconvenience to passengers
Refrence
Urban Transportation System –Atul Prakashan By Dr.R.P.Rethaliya
http://www.civil.iitb.ac.in/~dhingra/ce751.htm
http://nptel.ac.in
http://iihs.co.in/knowledge-gateway/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/RF-Working-Paper-Transport_edited_09062015_Final_reduced-size.pdf
https://drive.google.com/open?id=0Bz4FPosKK0LDLVlyYmVId2s2a2M