Directing

The heart of the Managerial Process

Directing

The heart of the Managerial Process

Prof. Preeti Bhaskar

Symbiosis Centre for Management Studies, Noida

Chapter outline Chapter outline

• Meaning and Importance

• Elements of Direction

• Supervision-meaning and importance

• Motivation-meaning and importance of motivation

• Leadership- meaning, importance, qualities of a good leader, Managerial Grid, Management v/s Leadership

• Communication-Formal and informal communication and barriers to effective communication

• DIRECTING is said to be a process in which the managers instruct, guide and oversee the performance of the workers to achieve predetermined goals.

• Directing is said to be the heart of management process. Planning, organizing,

staffing have got no importance

if direction function does not

take place

"Activating deals with the steps a manager takes to get sub-ordinates and others to carry out plans“

- Newman and Warren.

Advantages of directing Advantages of directing

• Initiates actions to get the desired results in an organization.

• Attempts to get maximum out of employees by identifying their capabilities.

• Essential to keep the elements like supervision, motivation, leadership and communication effective.

• Ensures that every employee work for organizational goals.

• Coping up with the changes in the organization is possible through effective direction.

• Stability and balance can be achieved through directing.

Models for Directing Models for Directing

Behavioral Model

Autocratic

Model

Custodial

Model

Supportive Model

Collegial model

Management Model

Traditional Model

Human

Relation

Model

Human resource

Model

Elements of DirectionElements of Direction

Supervision

Motivation

Leadership

Communication

Supervision

“Supervision is the function of assuring that the work is being done as per plan and instruction”

Davis

Role of Supervisor

As a Planner

As a Manager

As a Guide and Leader

As a Mediator

As an Inspector

As a Counselor

Functions of a SupervisorPlanning and Organizing

Provision of working conditions

Leadership and Guidance

Motivation

Controlling

Linking Pin

Grievance Handling

Reporting

Introducing new work methods

Enforcing Discipline

Leadership

What is a Leader?

• A Leader is someone in authority to lead others to accomplish a goal(s).

• A leader needs to be able to motivate others to accomplish a goal(s) while at the same time encourage others to work toward their own professional goals.

What is leadership?

Leading people

Influencing people

Commanding people

Guiding people

Leadership is influencing people to follow in the achievement of specialized goal

Koontz and O’ Donnell

Leadership is the activity of influencing people to strive willingly for group objectives

George R Terry

What skills do leaders need?

•Determining values and priorities•Identifying cognitive style•Assessing attitude toward change

•Coping with stressors•Managing time•Delegating

•Using the rational approach •Using the creative approach•Fostering innovation in others

Personal Skills

Managing

stress

Solving

Problems

creatively

Developing

Self-awareness

Gaining power

and influencesCommunication

supportively

Management

Conflict Motivating others

Interpersonal Skills

•Gaining power •Exercise influence•Empowering others

•Coaching•Counseling•Listening

•Identifying causes•Selecting appropriate strategies•Resolving confrontations

• Diagnosing poor performance• Creating a motivating environment • Rewarding accomplishment

Managers vs. Leaders

Managers• Focus on things• Do things right• Plan• Organize• Direct• Control• Follows the rules

Leaders• Focus on people• Do the right things• Inspire• Influence• Motivate• Build • Shape entities

Common Activities

• Planning • Organizing• Directing • Controlling

Planning

Manager• Planning• Budgeting• Sets targets• Establishes

detailed steps• Allocates

resources

Leader• Devises strategy

• Sets direction• Creates vision

Organizing

Manager• Creates structure• Job descriptions• Staffing • Hierarchy• Delegates• Training

Leader• Gets people on

board for strategy• Communication• Networks

Directing Work

Manager• Solves problems• Negotiates • Brings to

consensus

Leader• Empowers

people• Cheerleader

Controlling

Manager • Implements

control systems• Performance

measures• Identifies

variances• Fixes variances

Leader• Motivate• Inspire• Gives sense of

accomplishment

Autocratic

Democratic

Free rein

Styles of Leadership

Autocratic leader

A

B

C

D

E

F

Democratic leader

A

B

C

D

E

F

LAISSEZ Fair Style

A

E

CF

G

B

C

LEADER