Day/date

Tuesday, april 2nd 2013

Purpose

To observe morphological, anatomical and physiological of Amphilaian

Tools and materal

Tools :

1. Surgary board

2. Surgary tools

3. Needle

4. Loupe

Materials :

Frog ( rana Concairivoka )

Work procedure

1. Put the material in the surgary board

2. Observe the morphological

3. Surgary and doserve the anatomy

4. Drew the observation result and classified

Picture

Bufo melanotictus

Morphology

Bufo melanotictus of often called a toad feature field has it own body from various other

amphibiaris. Of the skin we can see that the nice toad has a more delicate structure and is

always wet. His head is triangular and there are a pair of eyes, lower eyelid and upper eyelid. In

the lower eyelid advanted transparent membrane which can be regarded as a membrane bed

that serves as a tool to keep the eye from the friction when he was in the water. Leg consist of

the upperarm, forearm, falm of the hand and fingers were four of posterior extremity and has

five for exterior extremity. Rear leg consists of the high, calf, poot, radius of five, the membrane

pool that is contained in the form of five, the membfrane pool that is contained in the form of

thin skin between the fingers.

Notes ;

1. Nares externa

2. Eye

3. Digiti

4. Dorsal lateral

5. Anus

6. Crus

7. Toes

8. Femur

9. Tymphari membrane

Classification :

Kingdom : animalia

Phylum : chorolata

Classis : amphibi

Order : anura

Familia : buforidae

Genus : bufo

Species : bufo

Melanotictus

(jasin,1992)

Day/date

Tuesday, april 2nd 2013

Pupose

To observe morphological, anatomical and physiological of Amphibian

Tools and materials

Tools

1. Surgary board

2. Surgary tools

3. Needle

4. Loupe

Materials

Bufo melarotictus

Work Produce

1. Put the material in the surgary board

2. Observe the morphological

3. Surgary and observe the anatomy

4. Drew the observation result and classified

Picture

Bufo melanoticus

Anatomy

Anatomy

Respiratory system

Respiration is a process of providing oxygen to the body and take carbon dioxide from the

process of metabolism. The system consists of the lungs and skin. This tool has a wet surface (

epithelial layer that contains blood vessel ). Oxygen from the air dissolved in the liquid surface

respiration by diffusion into blood of artery. In this process plays a role in the oxidation of

homolobin will then be taken into the body tissue that need. Toad lung consists of two elastic

pocket that contains folds that form small chambers called alriola, each pocket of the lung

bronchi associated with a short channel, then the two bronchi united.

Digestive system

Toad has digestivus system equipment consist digestive ducts and lymph gland. Digestive tract

starts from the oral cavity, esophagus, stomach , intestines and bowel axis. The length of his

intestines relatively short, it is adjusted to the food is insects. Digestive is composed of hearts

that have a two jowls. There right next to the dorsal jowls gall bladder. Pancreas located

between the curved and yellowish, discharge empties into the cloaca.

Circulatory system

Circulation system in the tool of arteries, capiler, veins, ducts lymphatictus, blood and lymphatic

fluid. Wropped by an oual pericardium membrane consisting of a ventriculum which is adjacent

to the posterior, thick walled muscular and light colored flesh. Has two antrium which is located

next to the anterior and ventriculum and thin walled muscular flesh colored older. And on the

observation there are two left and right of the fayer and one cubicle.

Urinary and reproduction system

Tools main excretion in the frog is a pair of kidney located on the right and left spine. Brownish

red that extends from front to back. The kidney are filtering devices that emit substance that

can dissolve the remaining (mainly urine ) mineral salts and excess water collected from the

body cells and fluid from the blood. Male genitalia in toad testes consists of a pair of yellowish

white. There are sperm and testes spermatozoa through fine channels leading to the kidney and

excreted along of urine through the ureter. Each testes have a coil-ring masca called

seminiferous tubules, which produce a sperm. Sperm are tiny when mature into several small

duseus associated with anterior part of uniferus tubules of the kidney. Sperm then travels

through the tubules and the ureter are united with the canal and temporarily stored

urinogenital posterior who have an enlarged tip that is visicula, while during the united sperm

sprayed through cloaca to fertilized the eggs

Mouth of frog

Mouth bounded by the lower jaw and upper jaw is narrow relationship with pharink associated

with esophagus.the tongue is flat attached to the anterior floor of the mouth but the back-tree

and have a taste bud or in a small papilla on the surface.s