Unit 1

Weather and climate

Social science 4º grade

The atmosphere and the weather.

1º Troposphere

2ºStratosphere

3º Mesosphere

4º Thermosphere

5º Exosphere

Layers of the atmosphereThe atmosphere is a mixture of gases that surround Earth ans separate it from the rest of the universe.There are five different layers of the atmosphere.

What is the atmosphere?

The atmosphere is a mixture of gases that surround Earthand separate it from the rest of the universe.

vocabulary

RAIN

SNOW

HAIL

BREEZE (brisa) GALE (strong wind)

(vendaval)

HURRICANE(huracán)

Air temperatureIt causes hot and cold weather in

a particular place.

Water vapourIt causes precipitation .Precipitation can be rain, snow or hail.

Wind It is the movement of air. Depending on its force,

It can be a soft breeze, a gale or a hurricane.

The weatherThe weather is what the atmosphere is like in a place at a particular time. It is characterised by three atmospheric phenomena:

What is the weather?The weather is what the atmosphere is like in a place at a particular time.

What is the weather characterised by?The weather is characterised by three atmospheric phenomena;air temperature, water vapour and wind.4º Explain temperature, water vapour and wind.Air temperataure causes hot and cold weather in a particular place. Water vapour causes precipitation .Precipitation can be rain, snow or hail. And finally wind is the movement of air. Depending on its force, It can be a soft breeze, a gale or a hurricane.

Weather stationsMeteorologists are people who study the weather.

Meteorologists measure atmospheric phenomena using devices.

The weather vaneturns with the windand shows its directions.

Rain gauge measures the amount of liquidprecipitation that falls.

The thermometermeasures air temperature.

The anemometerIt moves its armsand measure windspeed.

5ºWhat is a weather station?

A weather station is the combination of all

the equipment, as for example, the

anemometer, the rain gauge, the

thermometer and the weather vane.

Weather mapsMeteoroligist make weather forecast.They use data collected by the weather stations and the meteorological satellites.

SPRING

WINTER

AUTUMN

SUMMER

The seasons are three-month periods when changes

in the weather happen.

They are caused by the way in which the Sun´s rays

reach the Earth’s surface.

The season don´t happen at the same time over the

whole planet. They change depending on which

hemisphere is tilted towards the Sun.

6.What causes the seasons?

They are caused by the way in which

the Sun´s rays reach the Earth’s surface.

SEASONS

SEASONS

CLIMATE AND CLIMATE ZONES

Climate is the typical weather of a region for a long period of time.

Climate is characterised by temperature and precipitation, and it

determines the landscape.

The planet is divided into three climate zones.

Polar climate zoneTemperate climate zones

Tropical climate zone

7º What is climate?What is climate

characterised by?

Climate is the typical weather of a region for a

long period of time.

Climate is characterised by temperature and

precipitation, and it

determines the landscape.

8º What are the three climate zones?

The three climate zones are the

Polar climate zones,

the Temperates climate zones

and the Tropical climate zones.

There are two temperate climate

zones where the Sun´s rays hit

Earth at the obtuse angle.

In the tropical zone,

the Sun´s rays

hit Earth at a right angle.

At the poles, we find

the coldest climate zones.

The Sun´s rays hit Earth at a

very obtuse angle and with less

intensity.

The climate in Spain

We live in

the temperate climate

Zone, there are

different climates in Spain

due to:

• Landscapes,

• Altitude

• The distance from the

sea.