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ENBE | Final Project | Part A – Report | The Better Livable Town Representation Underwater Town PARAISO EE YUN SHAN | 0319990 FNBE AUG 2014 |Taylor’s University EE YUN SHAN | 0319990 | Miss Renee | FNBE AUG 2014 | Taylor’s University 1

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ENBE | Final Project | Part A – Report | The Better Livable Town Representation

Underwater Town

PARAISO

EE YUN SHAN | 0319990

FNBE AUG 2014 |Taylor’s University

EE YUN SHAN | 0319990 | Miss Renee | FNBE AUG 2014 | Taylor’s University1

ENBE | Final Project | Part A – Report | The Better Livable Town Representation

Content1. Introduction

2. A City or Town

3. Investigation & Data collection : Ancient city or town

4. Investigation & Data collection : Present city or town

5 .Investigation & Data collection : Future city or town

6. Investigation & Data collection : Underwater city or town

7. The new “X” City or Town / The new name

8. Conclusion

9. References List

EE YUN SHAN | 0319990 | Miss Renee | FNBE AUG 2014 | Taylor’s University2

ENBE | Final Project | Part A – Report | The Better Livable Town Representation

Introduction

Project is about investigation of town including ancient , present and future towns. We were asked to imagine ourselves as mayors of a dying and no longer liveable town and is required to propose a new improved town layout which improves the people’s living environment and also a sustainable town for the future. As a group, we agreed on a whole new setting for our town, which is a underwater town.

In the project, we must design a new town which is more suitable for human living to achieve a better city or town. The study elements include past, present, future towns and how made a town become more comfortable, perfect and flawless.

These projects is helps the students to more understand the element of the natural built and environment and improve their knowledge of natural and built environment.

EE YUN SHAN | 0319990 | Miss Renee | FNBE AUG 2014 | Taylor’s University3

ENBE | Final Project | Part A – Report | The Better Livable Town Representation

The Town

The town definition

A town is a human settlement larger than a village but smaller than a city. The size definition for what constitutes a "town" varies considerably in different parts of the world.

What is the brief history?

A town is not just an overgrown village, it have its own story, economy and culture. All towns display various degrees of forethought and conscious design in their layout and functioning. At the beginning, humans built city beside a river which is more convenient to them and the cities change day by day.

EE YUN SHAN | 0319990 | Miss Renee | FNBE AUG 2014 | Taylor’s University4

ENBE | Final Project | Part A – Report | The Better Livable Town Representation

What makes a town?

A town is made up of a certain amount of population, government area, educational area, residential area, religion and culture, public services and supported by law and facilities.

What makes a good town / township?

To form a good town it must to be self-sufficient. This means it have full of all the human needs.

A better town should include:

-Organized zoning

-Stable politics & economy

-Complete and proper planning of infrastructure

-A few landmark

-Less pollution

-Complete facilities and infrastructure

-Good government

-Free trade zone

-Excellent technology

-Provide good education & medical centre

EE YUN SHAN | 0319990 | Miss Renee | FNBE AUG 2014 | Taylor’s University5

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What is a future town?

A future town is basically a high-tech, sustainable town socially and environmentally. A future town aims to reduce all the negative elements and achieve to be perfection. Let the resident be more comfortable and have a high living standard.

EE YUN SHAN | 0319990 | Miss Renee | FNBE AUG 2014 | Taylor’s University6

ENBE | Final Project | Part A – Report | The Better Livable Town Representation

Investigation & Data collection:

Ancient CityPompeii

Pompeii happened to be in the mainstream of much of ancient Roman architectural innovation which seems to have been occurring in the Campania region around the 2th and 1st century BC: roughly in correspondence with Pompeii’s annexation as Roman colony. This activity was the result of the economic opportunity and changing social needs brought by Rome, combined with the technological and building skills readily available in Campania. Whilst Pompeii itself unlikely to have been the hotbed of architectural innovation it is many way fortunate that the city has enabled us to witness the architecture of a site which had for a period been situated in a region where architecture was at its most innovate.

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One of the fundamental factors influencing Pompeian architecture is the subsequent influences of different cultures, starting with the Samnites, followed by the Etruscans, Greek colonies and finally Romans.

Romans amphitheatres

It was large, circular or oval open-air venues with raised seating. It was built by the Ancient Romans. They were used for events such as gladiator combats, chariot races, venationes (animal slayings) and executions. The amphitheatre of Pompeii is the earliest Roman’s amphitheatre which built by stone; previously, they had been build by wood. The amphitheatre could seat about 20,000 people and served not only Pompeii but also the inhabitants of surrounding cities.

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The earlier Samnite-Etuscan city was the Western part of Pompeii with the Forum, main temples and public buildings. A more organic approach to urban development is plainly visible.

The rigorous grid structure of Greek cities is most evident in the Eastern part of the city, near the amphitheatre with boulevard-like parallel streets connected by smaller cross streets creating rectangular blocks of buildings.

By the way, I will use the concept of having an amphitheatre in my city to increase the connectivity amongst the town and a mix of square and organic grids will be used when planning the new city for a more organized city.

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Babylon

Originally a minor administrative center, it only became an independent city-state in 1894 BC in the hands of a migrant Amoritedynasty not native to ancient Mesopotamia. The Babylonians were more often ruled by other foreign migrant dynasties throughout their history, such as by the Kassites, Arameans, Elamites and Chaldeans, as well as by their fellow Mesopotamians, the Assyrians.

The remains of the city are in present-day Hillah, Babil Governorate, Iraq, about 85 kilometres (53 mi) south of Baghdad, comprising a large tell of broken mud-brick buildings and debris in the fertile Mesopotamian plain between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. The city itself was built upon the Euphrates, and divided in equal parts along its left and right banks, with steep embankments to contain the river's seasonal floods.

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In 331 BC, Darius III, the last Achaemenid king of the Persian Empire was defeated by the forces of the Ancient Macedonian Greek ruler Alexander the Great at the Battle of Gaugamela, and in October, Babylon fell to the young conqueror. A native account of this invasion notes a ruling by Alexander not to enter the homes of its inhabitants. Under Alexander Babylon again flourished as a centre of learning and commerce.

By the way, I could study the elements of it and formed a new city like Babylon which good in educational and financial basic, provide a high life-living for my resident and be a prosperity and splendour city.

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Investigation & Data collection:

Present CityOlso

Oslo is the capital of Norway and most populous city in Norway. Oslo constitutes a county and a municipality. Founded around 1000 AD, and established a "kaupstad" or trading place in 1048 by King Harald III, the city was elevated to abishopric in 1070 and a capital under Haakon V around 1300. Personal unions with Denmark from 1397 to 1523 and again from1536 to 1814 and with Sweden from 1814 to 1905 reduced its influence. After being destroyed by a fire in 1624, the city was moved closer to Akershus Castle during the reign of King Christian IV and renamed Christiania in his honour. It was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838. Following a spelling reform, it was known as Kristiania from 1877 to 1925, when its original Norwegian name was restored.

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Oslo is the economic and governmental centre of Norway. The city is also a hub of Norwegian trade, banking, industry and shipping. It is an important centre for maritime industries and maritime trade in Europe. Oslo is considered a global city and ranked "Beta World City" in studies performed by the Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network in 2008.[4] It was ranked number one in terms of quality of life among European large cities in the European Cities of the Future 2012 report by fDi magazine.[5] A survey conducted by ECA International in 2011 placed Oslo as the second most expensive city in the world for living expenses after Tokyo.[6] In 2013 Oslo tied with the Australian city of Melbourne as the fourth most expensive city in the world, according to the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU)'s Worldwide Cost of Living study.

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As of January 2014 the city of Oslo has a population of 634,000. The Metropolitan area of Oslo has a population of 1,502,604, of whom 951,581 live in the contiguous conurbation. The population currently increases at record rates, making it the fastest growing major city in Europe. This growth stems for the most part from international immigration and related high birth rates, but also from intra-national migration. The immigrant population in the city is growing somewhat faster than the Norwegianpopulation, and in the city proper this is now more than 25% of the total.

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The Ski Jump Tower

The new ski jump, which was designed by JDS Architects, boasts world-class engineering and was tailor-made for athletes. From the ski jump tower, 60 meters above the ground and 417 meters above the sea level, one can experience a breathtaking view of Oslo and the fjord below.

Features include permanent wind protection, ice track machine and improved snow production facilities, as well as an upgraded light and sound system. New judges grandstand, new royal grandstand and improved facilities for the public and the press complete the picture.

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The Ski Museum

Located inside the base of the Holmenkollen Ski Jump tower, the Ski Museumpresents the history of skiing over the past 4,000 years, as well as the expeditions of Norwegian polar explorers Fridtj of Nansen and Roald Amundsen.

Here you will also get some historic glimpses from the Winter Olympics in Lillehammer in 1994 and Oslo in 1952. The Ski Museum is the oldest museum of its kind in the world and it was opened in 1923.

By the way, I could study the cityscape of Oslo, an extensive metro-system a new financial district and a cultural city. Such as the Ski

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Jump Tower which is a landmark, it was an amazing design, it attracted tourists to visit the place to increase the popularity and somewhere also increase the financial setting.

Tokyo

Tokyo Metropolis is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan. Tokyo is the capital of Japan, the center of the Greater Tokyo Area, and the most populous metropolitan area in the world. It is the seat of the Japanese government and the Imperial Palace, and the home of the Japanese Imperial Family. Tokyo is in the Kantō region on the southeastern side of the main island Honshu and includes theIzu Islands and Ogasawara Islands.[8] Tokyo Metropolis was formed in 1943 from the merger of the former Tokyo Prefecture the city of Tokyo.

Tokyo was originally a small fishing village named Edo, in what was

formerly part of the oldMusashi Province. Edo was first fortified by the Edo clan, in the late twelfth century. In 1457,Ōta Dōkan built Edo Castle. In 1590, Tokugawa Ieyasu made Edo his base and when he becameshogun in 1603, the town became the center of his nationwide military government. During the subsequent Edo period, Edo grew into one of the largest cities in the world with a population topping one million by the 18th century. Tokyo became the de facto capital of Japan even while the emperor lived in Kyoto, the

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imperial capital. After about 263 years, the shogunate was overthrown under the banner of restoring imperial rule.

Tokyo, as the center of the Greater Tokyo Area, is Japan's largest domestic and international hub for rail, ground, and air transportation. Public transportation within Tokyo is dominated by an extensive network of clean and efficient[71] trains and subways run by a variety of operators, with buses, monorails and trams playing a secondary feeder role. Various islands governed by Tokyo have their own airport. Hachijojima Airport, Miyakejima Airport and Oshima Airport have services to Tokyo International and other airports. Rail is the primary mode of transportation in Tokyo, which has the most extensive urban railway network in the world and an equally extensive network of surface lines. JR East operates Tokyo's largest railway network, including the Yamanote Line loop that circles the center of downtown Tokyo. The metropolitan government and private carriers operate bus routes and one tram route. Local,

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regional, and national services are available, with major terminals at the giant railroad stations, including Tokyo, Shinagawa, and Shinjuku.

By the way, I could study the transportation system of Tokyo. The built of rail, ground, and air transportation was so important for a city. It bring a convenience to the resident, residents can reached a place with a short time and can go everywhere which they wanted to go. The situation that cannot arrived the place when they need to go because the lack of sound transport will not occur all the times.

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Investigation & Data collection:

Future CityOcean city

While some pieces of conceptual architecture guide out imagine toward distant planets, others plunge us into the depths of the ocean. These underwater cities concepts, dreamed up by illustrators, architects, and designers, imagine the sorts of structures we might inhabit beneath the watery surfaces. A collection of specialised organisms function as a whole, with some pods being industrial, energy, or food producers. Forty years from now, Australia, as well as the rest of the world, could look dramatically different, possibly even underwater, like this ‘Ocean City’ the proposed underwater city, results when land begins to disappear and the value of what remains sky-rockets, and people are unable to afford living on land. Syph evolves into a collection of organisms with specialized functions like

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energy generation and sustainable food production that work together to form a new underwater city. Ocean City is just one of many designs in a competition to design Australia’s future.

The Gyre, a floating underwater skyscraper

This design imagines an inverted skyscraper, diving down to a depth of 400m with a total floor area of 2.28 million sq ft (212,000 sq m). Its four wings are big enough to accomodate the world's biggest ships. Designed by the British Columbia. It will offer space for work and entertainment. Guests will benefit from comfortable rooms, shops, and restaurants while scientists will have enough working space to study the ocean. In addition, the Gyre will have gardens and various recreation areas. The Gyre will harness wave, wind and solar energy. It will make use of a series of vertical axis wind turbines, windows featuring glass printed array of solar cells and underwater nacelles that will play two roles, that of thrusters for propulsion and tidal generators.The Gyre will also harness freshwater. It will feature mechanical systems along with emergency basins with freshwater.

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Lady Landfill

The Lady Landfill was designed by three Serbian architects, Milorad Vidojevic, Jelena Pucarevic and Milica Pihler for the eVolo 2011 Skyscraper Competition. The giant skyscraper would collect and recycle the waste of the Great Pacific Garbage Patch into an energy source. Floating islands that will be used to remove and recycle the garbage patch. These are self-sustained structures organized by function hierarchy with four communication cores that connect three main programs which is collectors at the bottom, recycling plant in the middle levels, and housing and recreational levels atop. Considering that the size of the floating garbage island is constantly varying, the structural organization of the skyscraper should reflect these variations. The main hole in the structure would adjust the mass of the underwater skyscraper while keeping the volume constant. Fluctuations in the amount of trash in the landfill (located in the lower part of the structure) would be adjusted by adding or

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releasing water, so that the weight to volume ratio is appropriate for floatation. Because most of the molecules found in the garbage have high energy, the waste will be heated in the recycling chamber and converted into a gas that will be stored in massive battery.

Underwater Skyscraper 7

Water is one of the most basic human needs. A view of our planet from space shows 70.9 % of earths’ surface is covered by oceans. We perceive oceans as the border of the land, urbanization and human activity. So, these buildings are designed to be oceanic research stations and underwater cities for about 6000 people. They would also contain a vast number of additional facilities such as cinemas, fitness clubs, recreation spaces and a hospital. Underwater skyscraper 7, a building form related to boats and oil platforms. People started to examine a fishing float because of it unique floating capacities and the almost equal relationship to the underwater world and the sky. Designed by the Eindhoven-based Dutch De Bever Architecten BNA.

By the way, I could study the structure and function of the building and how do the building bring advantages to the people of this Ocean city. I think I could apply the buildings which have such

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function to benefit my resident and made my city to become more suitable to my people to live inside. Thus, the buildings can made my city become more perfect and comfortable which is linked to the future condition and provide a permanent and excellent living places to my resident.

The New “X” Town / The New Name :

PARAISO

From all the gathered about the past, present and future towns,I learnt that to live in the earth, we need to adapt to the environment and every changes on it. I wanted to create a town which is a high-technology, pollution-free and convenience to my residents.

PARAISO; meaning the paradise. The name of the town is also represented the lifestyle of the resident who live in it which is

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convenience, enjoyable, comfortable and happiness. The aim of the new town is to provide a high-technology, pollution-free, safer and convenience place to my residents. Paraiso provide a beautiful landscape, complete infrastructure, pollution-free, green home and high-technology. The other aim is nowadays the population of humans increased greatly, the huge amount of immigrants have deprived the privileges of the fellow Malaysians that previously lived with ease, peace and space. Green spaces and forests are destroyed to build new buildings for extra load of inhabitants. So that, the Paraiso can be build to share responsibility which enough the immigrants to live in and can maintain the mother earth in good condition.

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The important characteristic and elements in PARAISO

A town cannot stand alone without any characteristics or elements to support it. As such, the town Paraiso contains several characteristics and elements that helped build the town into what it is.

Characteristics of town:

1. Fixed transit routes

A new personal rapid transit network. It helps to guide development and keep the streets busy. It is also easy to get around on foot because everything is closer together.

2. Bicycle friendly town

Multistory automatic bicycle parking stations are located around. Special carriages on trams are planned for cyclists to board with their bicycle. Bicycle lanes are paved and away from other vehicle lanes to ensure the safety of cyclists.

3. Green spaces and public spaces

There are many green spaces can be found in town to calm the mood and can be used as community park for citizens. Resident

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can gather the public spaces to increase the relationship between each other.

4. Mixed use neighbourhood

By intermingling commercial, residential and civil functions in the same neighbourhoods, can reduce dependence on automotive transport since the facilities are always close at hand. This means denser development is possible and more tax money collected for more amenities and social programs.

5. Hierarchy in town planning

The buildings in Paraiso is arranged according to its role of importance where the buildings that portray themselves as of higher importance are arranged in the centre of the town while the lesser importance are arranged further away from the town.

6. Green town

As Paraiso is working its way towards a greener town, most of the town grounds are covered with lots of green, be it ground covers or shrubs.

7. Protection and reflection glass

The glass play a important roles in Paraiso which is a hard and transparent glass cover the whole town. It protect the town by blocking the unknown substances or dangerous benthos entry the town. It is also absorb and reflect the sunlight into the town to ensure the living of plants.

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8. Sustainability

The greatly implemented eco-friendly facilities are to ensure the development of town. Made sure that the town can be prolonger and not be destroy in the future which cause by the lack of resources.

9. Liberty

Paraiso provides places for relaxation and socialism to comfort the residence such as community areas and recreational areas. When residents face to those areas, they will not feel oppressive.

10. Fully-fill the needs of residents

All facilities and demand that need by residents are provided in Paraiso such as settlements, healthcare, security and many other else.

11. Air dredge pipe

The air dredge pipe which attach to the three main landmark, Gaint Lift transfer the air into the town to support breathing of human.

12. Water transportation system

The good water transportation system provides a convenience to the resident. The clean water can be easy to get for daily life.

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Important elements of town:

Resident – houses, apartments Water and electricity Health services – hospitals, clinics Education – school, college, university Transportation – bicycle, MRT, pod car, electrical vehicle,

submarine Security – Protective glass, police station Government buildings Business and commercial – shopping mall, shops Religious and cultures – temples, churches, mosques,

museums Recreational areas – urban parks, streetscapes, plazas,

playground Port and shipping Hospitality and tourism – Fun park, Hotels, resorts Industry – agriculture, fishery, food processing Land mark – Giant lift, access Why I arranged or planed such way? As you can see I located all Residential Area beside along

both of the seaside this is because I want my resident to enjoy the view of the sea after they came back from their work, school or university to release their stress.

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Zoning

Why I arranged or planed such way?

As you can see I located all Residential Area beside along both of the seaside this is because I want my resident to enjoy the view of the sea after they came back from their work, school or university to release their stress.

The reason I put business a area in the middle park because when the resident want to carry business activities they can gather together and be fair to the residents who live in both side of town.

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Hospital and Police station, this two important buildings which I located in both part of my town. The reason is to reduce the time travel of ambulance to destination and residents who have real emergency.

Education as you can see it located in both side which have primary school, secondary school and university are to provide my residents good education and ensure them have well knowledge.

For the government area why I put in the middle is because since the government control everything, so they must be in the middle. So that, government can survey everywhere and convenience to the resident when they want to settle the personal documents.

For the transportation, my town have four types of vehicles at the land. So the lane of each transport my my town are organised completely. Through this facts, my residents can be more convenience and take a short time to arrive the destination.

My plan is a symmetrical plan. The road of it do not have dead end road. Beside of dead end road, circulation of my road is in symmetrical so that the residents of my town can travel anywhere they want without worry of losing direction.

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Traffic circulation

My plan is a symmetrical plan. The road of it do not have dead end road. Beside of dead end road, circulation of my road is in symmetrical so that the residents of my town can travel anywhere they want without worry of losing direction.

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Transportation system

Pod car

The pod is a personal rapid transit network based on human-Support piles are also in galvanized steel. Pods are covered with transparent

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glass with ventilation holes. Front and rear long dampers limit the impact acceleration in case of pods to build the pod trains which could significantly improve overall aerodynamic efficiency.

MRT

A new technology, which evolve from LRT, it become more faster, safer and pollution-free. It using solar energy which is renewable and clean energy to operate it which also can save a lot of fuel cost.MRT using advance AI System, everything is automatically and bring us much more convenience.

Bicycle

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Cycling is the most favourable way transport in the town. It provides a healthier lifestyle to the citizen. It also wont cause any pollution to the environment with the advance of technology, the future bicycle is more faster and can be auto-cycling when u turn on the engine.

Electrical vehicle

Every family in the town have vehicles for more easier to travel to the destination. The electrical vehicles are more convenience and it also can cut off the using of petrol which is not environmental and cause pollution. Besides can save the cost of petrol, the new technological of electrical vehicles are also faster and it can control automatically.

Submarine

Submarine used to transport in the sea which is the most suitable vehicle to the resident that live in Paraiso, the underwater city. It can

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lost the trouble that people cannot travel to another place which is under the sea and also let residents travel to the land.

Water piping system

The water that use in Paraiso is form the sea. We filter the sea water into a clean and fresh water which can be drink and use in daily life. The water can be supply to whole town. The residents of Paraiso didn’t have to worry about the lacking of water.

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Sustainable approaches to make Paraiso a better town

Straddling bus system – The bus will run according the fixed route.

Plentiful parks – Plants regular the air of the town. Improving energy efficiency – Electrical vehicles and charging

points, LED technology (Smart street lighting system) Waste management system – Comprehensive recycling and

composting programs (not only recycle cans and bottles but also food waste)

Mixed use and infill development – Combine public facilities (UTC)

Quality public spaces – For walking, experiencing, social, cultural exchange.

Giant lift – Make easier to the residents who want travel to the land.

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Overall of Paraiso

Master Plan

Perspective

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Elevation

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Conclusion about the new “X” town – PARAISO

Overall, Paraiso is a high-technology town which is a better livable future town. It is able to overcome the overcrowded situation and improve the sustainable so that it can last longer at the future. Residents will have more spaces to live in and carry out their life activities more comfort and convenience. They have enough place for job, opportunity, business areas, commercial areas and urban places to relax and enjoy their leisure time. Residents can carry their lifestyle normally and their living standard will also be much improved. Lastly, Paraiso made people comfort, save the mother earth.

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Conclusion

After numerous weeks of researching regarding urban planning, town layout and the city itself, the idea generation of the town structure started hard as they are hard to fulfill other aspects as zonings of the town need to be considered. In the end, I were changed the structure of my future town several times.

Through all the research about the towns above, I learnt that the priority of citizens is placed before everything. Other than that, to achieve a future town, high-technology also must be taken into account so that people can maintain a high level lifestyle and the earth can be protect last longer. I know more about sustainability and ways to make a town sustainable and comfortable to my resident

This project is a good experience for me, I learn to be more alert of the environment issues, understand the ideas and requirement of

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sustainability. Through those elements, the town can be improved as well. 

Reference s Link

http://io9.com/gorgeous-concept-designs-for-underwater-cities-492111757

http://inhabitat.com/the-gyre-a-floating-upside-down-eco-skyscraper/

http://www.australiandesignreview.com/features/1719-venice-biennale-ocean-city

http://www.evolo.us/competition/lady-landfill-skyscraper/

http://www.newcolonist.com/topten2.html

http://fnbe0414joycewee.blogspot.com/2014/08/enbe-final-project.html

http://www.babylonclub.ca/

http://www.visitoslo.com/en/articles/history/

http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Tokyo.aspx

http://bikeleague.org/futurebike

http://www.motortrend.com/future/

EE YUN SHAN | 0319990 | Miss Renee | FNBE AUG 2014 | Taylor’s University

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