Ultra Wide Band Antenna for High Speed Microwave Applications

UWB ANTENNA FOR

MICROWAVE

APPLICATIONS

Supervised by: DR/Mahmoud Abdallah

Prepared by: Ahmed Tarek

Omar Hussien

Sherif Shawki

Sherif Zahran

Agenda

What is Antenna.

What is UWB.

What is Micro-strip antenna.

Initial Design Results.

Single micro-strip antenna.

Circular & Rectangular UWB antenna.

Antenna

Antenna: Is an electrical device which

converts electric power into radio waves, and

vice versa.

Theory of operation.

Antenna Parameters

Radiation pattern :

Plot of the relative field strength of the radio waves

emitted by the antenna at different angles.

Antenna directivity:

The ratio of the radiation intensity in a given

direction from the antenna to the radiation intensity

averaged over all directions.

Antenna Gain:

Parameter which measures the degree of directivity

of the antenna's radiation pattern.

Antenna Polarization:

Is the orientation of the electric field of the radio

wave with respect to the Earth's surface and is

determined by the physical structure of the antenna and

by its orientation.

Input impedance:

Electro-magnetic wave travels through the

different parts of the antenna, at each interface

some fraction of the wave's energy will reflect back

to the source.

Antenna

Mode: Patch antenna.

Type: Monopole antenna.

UWB

UWB: Ultra Wide Band, Also known as(ultra

band).

A series of very short baseband pulses with

time duration in nano-seconds that exist on

ALL frequencies simultaneously.

UWB in the frequency range from 3.1 to

10.6 GHz.

UWB transmissions transmit information by

generating small pulses at specific time

intervals.

Each pulse occupies a large BW, overcoming

The multipath fading but not the ISI.

UWB pulses are very short so most signal

reflections do not overlap the original pulse (less

than 1nsec).(less than 60 cm for a 500 MHz pulse, less than 23 cm for a 1.3 GHz pulse), up to

1.3 Gp/sec providing a continuous stream of UWB pulses according to

application.

it operates parallel to other systems so energy

has to be low to get no interference.

UWB coexistence with systems

No interference with systems because of low

power.

Power limit for UWB Tx is -41.3 dBm/MHz.

High data rates according to Shannon's theory.

UWB vs. narrowband

UWB Applications

AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY

-Back collision avoidance.

-Wireless key.

-Moving objects detection while driving.

-Improving airbags activation and suspension performance.

COMMUNICATION

-High multipath areas.

-Low range-high rates areas.

-Home personal area networks.

(pcs,hd TV, hr printer, hr scanner,hd cameras, game consoles)

UWB Applications

Security Apps

-Ground penetrating radars(GPR).

-Through wall surveillance.

-Tracking applications(specially indoors unlike GPS)

For children,personnel,equipments,cars

-Guarding objects (ex. in museums).

Why UWB?

High data rate and capacity(400-800Mbps ).

High speed.

High Security (cannot jam the large BW).

Low power (operates at low energy level).

Working parallel with other systems.

Fading overcoming.

Micro-strip antenna

Micro-strip antenna Types

Patch

-Square.

-Rectangular.

-Circular.

-Elliptical.

Planar Inverted F Antenna (PIFA).

Folded Inverted Conformal Antenna (FICA).

Patch antenna

Radio antenna with a low

profile.

Narrowband.

Wide-beam antenna.

Simple to fabricate and

easy to modify and

customize.

Multiple feed points.

Advantages

Relatively inexpensive to manufacture and

design.

The ability to create high gain arrays in a low-

profile antenna.

The ability to have polarization diversity.

Matching

Matched Unmatched

Matched return loss

Unmatched return loss

Matching rules

UWB ANTENNA

Circular Antenna Rectangular Antenna

Circular return loss

Rectangular return loss

3D PATTERNS

NORMALIZED SCALEFo=5 GHz

1GHz

Circular Rectangular

2GHz


3GHz


4GHz


5GHz


6GHz


7GHz


8GHz


9GHz


10GHz


11GHz


12GHz


E-PLANE 2D

PATTERN

NORMALIZED SCALEX-Y Plane

Theta=90

1Ghz


2Ghz


3Ghz


4Ghz


5Ghz


6Ghz


7Ghz


8Ghz


9Ghz


10Ghz


11Ghz


12Ghz


Future goals

Design and Implementation of UWB Antenna

which receives signals within range of 3.1-10.6

GHz.

With minimum interference with other bands

i.e.: Wifi, Bluetooth ,...etc

Thank you

Any questions ?

Education

Ultra Wide Band Antenna for High Speed Microwave Applications