TYPES OF SENTENCES & PRONOUNS

Identifying Types of SentencesIdentifying Types of Pronouns

Types of Sentences

• Simple Sentence• Compound Sentence• Complex Sentence• Compound Complex Sentence

To identifying types of sentences.....

1. Simple Sentence

Also called an independent clause, contains a subject and a verb, and it expresses a complete thought.

Examples......

1. Some students like to study in the mornings.2. Juan and Arturo play football every afternoon.3. Alicia goes to the library and studies everyday.

Note: •Sentence 2: compound subject•Sentence 3: compound verb

Simple sentences, therefore, contain a subject and verb and express a complete thought, but

they can also contain compound subjects or verbs

2. Compound SentenceA compound sentence contains two independent clauses joined by a coordinator.

Examples....

1. I tried to speak Spanish, and my friend tried to speak English.

2. Alejandro played football, so Maria went shopping.3. Alejandro played football, because Maria went

shopping.

The Coordinator: for – and – nor – but – or – yet - so (FANBOYS)

3. Complex Sentence

A complex sentence has an independent clause joined by one or more dependent clauses.

• Subordinator: because, since, after, although, or when

• Relative Pronoun: such as that, who, or which.

Which is Independent clause ??1. When he handed in his homework, he forgot to give the

teacher the last page.

2. The teacher returned the homework after she noticed the error.

3. The students are studying because they have a test tomorrow.

4. After they finished studying, Juan and Maria went to the movies.

5. Juan and Maria went to the movies after they finished studying.

Examples...

• The woman who called my mom sells cosmetics.

• The book that Jonathan read is on the shelf.• The house which Abraham Lincoln was born

in is still standing.• The town where I grew up is in the United

States.

Has two independent clauses joined to one or more dependent clauses.

4. Compound Complex Sentence

Types of Pronouns

• Subject Pronoun• Object Pronoun• Possesive Pronoun

To identifying types of pronouns.........

1. Subject Pronoun

The Subject of a sentence is..........“A person or thing that performs the action of

the verb”

Subject Pronoun are used to replace the subject (person or thing) of a verb.

We do NOT normally say:

“John is tall and John is intelligent.”

So we would say:

“John is tall and he is intelligent.”

What are the subject pronouns in English?

These are the subject pronouns we use in English.....

When do you use IT?IT is normally used when we refer to objects, things, animals or ideas

1. It is also hairy. (It = the dog)2. My bed is small but it is comfortable. (It = my bed)

Sometimes when we don't know the sex of a baby (we don't know if it is a boy or girl), then we can use IT.“Their baby is very small. It only weights 2 kilos.”

(It = the baby.)

We use IT we when talk about the time, weather or temperature.

1. It is five o'clock (= the time is five o'clock)2. It is cold today. (= the weather is cold today.)3. It is 30º outside right now. (= the temperature is 30º

outside right now)

When do you use IT?

2. Object Pronoun

Subjects are what the sentence is about. Objects are what is affected by the action of the subject.

• I like whisky. (I is the subject).• I read books.

(Books is the object as it is receiving the action).

Object pronouns are used instead of nouns, usually because we already know what the object is. It makes the sentence easier to read and understand and avoids repetition.

We normally use object pronouns after a verb or a preposition.

The Object Pronoun – it

• Be careful when using 'it' as an object pronoun because it is only in the correct context that it has meaning. It needs to have already been mentioned or obvious to the listener what you are referring to. Compare;

• You are sitting on it! (The listener probably doesn't know what the speaker refers to).

• The letter is on the sofa. You are sitting on it! (It is obvious in the second sentence that the reference is to the letter)

3. Possesive Pronoun

We use possessive pronouns to refer to a...

specific person/people or thing/things (the "antecedent") belonging to a

person/people

(and sometimes belonging to an animal/animals or thing/things).

We use possessive pronouns depending on:

• number: singular (eg: mine) or plural (eg: ours)• person: 1st person (eg: mine), 2nd person

(eg: yours) or 3rd person (eg: his)• gender: male (his), female (hers)

Possessive pronoun can:• be subject or object• refer to a singular or plural antecedent

Examples...........

• Look at these pictures. Mine is the big one. (subject = My picture)

• I like your flowers. Do you like mine? (object = my flowers)

• I looked everywhere for your key. I found John's key but I couldn't find yours. (object = your key)

• My flowers are dying. Yours are lovely. (subject = Your flowers)

• All the essays were good but his was the best. (subject = his essay)

• John found his passport but Mary couldn't find hers. (object = her passport)

• John found his clothes but Mary couldn't find hers. (object = her clothes)

• Here is your car. Ours is over there, where we left it. (subject = Our car)

• Your photos are good. Ours are terrible. (subject = Our photos)

• Each couple's books are colour-coded. Yours are red. (subject = Your books)

• I don't like this family's garden but I like yours. (object = your garden)

• These aren't John and Mary's children. Theirs have black hair. (subject = Their children)

• John and Mary don't like your car. Do you like theirs? (object = their car)

whose can also be a possessive pronoun.

Look at these examples:1. There was $100 on the table and Tara

wondered whose it was.2. This car hasn't moved for two

months. Whose is it?

Reference• https://www.englishclub.com/gramm

ar/pronouns-possessive.htm• http://www.grammar.cl/Notes/Object_

Pronouns.htm• http://www.grammar.cl/english/subjec

t-pronouns.htm

• http://eslbee.com/sentences.htm • http://www.towson.edu/ows/sentence

s.htm