Tips for IELTS Academic Task 1 (sentences for change and contrast)

ACADEMIC IELTS TASK 1

TIPS

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● Band Descriptors for Academic Task 1● Adverb clauses of comparison ● Adverb clauses of concession ● 'Whereas' and 'while' – EXPRESSING CONTRAST

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IELTS Official Band Descriptors, under Task Achievement (Academic)

'presents a clear overview of main trends, differences or stages'.

150 words to write (8 and 9 sentences).

The introduction and summary will take 2, leaving roughly 6-7.


'presents a clear overview of main trends, differences or stages'.

Now we will focus on 'differences' because if we dedicate 2 sentences to differences, that leaves just 4 sentences left to write.

We now know EXACTLY what to write for 50% of the report.


ADVERB CLUASES OF COMPARISON


To make comparisons we can use a simple structure as shown below:

More Europeans prefer Football than Americans. More Germans prefer vodka than Colombians. Fewer Italians drink tea than Austrians.

PICK UP MORE POINTS?


To pick up more points and show the examiner we can use a VARIETY OF STRUCTURES we can transform them into a passive structure:

Football was chosen by more Europeans than Americans. Vodka was preferred by more Germans than Colombians. Tea was drank less by Italians than by Austrians.

ADD AN ADVERB


Considerably more Europeans prefer Football than Americans.

Significantly more Germans prefer vodka than Colombians.

Substantially more time is spent on the internet than before.

BE CAREFUL


Adverbs can be placed in different places:

Production fell significantlySignificant production fell.

Clearly market share tumbled. Market share tumbled clearly.

BE CAREFUL


Adverbs can be placed in different places:

GOOD: Production fell significantly.BAD: Significant production fell.

GOOD: Clearly market share tumbled. BAD: Market share tumbled clearly.

ADVERB CLAUSE OF CONCESSION


Definition: Adverb clause of concession implies something surprising is conveyed in the principal clause when compared to the subordinate clause.



Find something that really is a contrast, 'a difference'.



Although sales reached 20 million in 1992, they crashed to just 1 million in 1994.



Write this structure down, we have the subordinate clause 'Although sales reached 20 million in 1993' <COMMA> then the main clause 'they crashed to just 1 million in 1992'.

,,,,,,,,, , , ,,,,

,,,

,



Other examples: Although almost every Asian country was experiencing an increase in urban population figures, Bhutan's figures showed a significant decrease.

Although the number of Welsh pet owners is at its lowest in 1990, it almost doubles in 1993.



To use this structure effectively, ALWAYS place 'although' at the beginning of the sentence, ALWAYS.

YES you can place it in the middle, but for simplicity, and fast exam preparation, just place it at the front, after the exam experiment.

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WHEREAS AND WHILE


WHEREAS AND WHILE


The conjunctions 'while' and 'whereas' are similar except 'while' is slightly less formal and it can be used for comparisons in time.

'She drove while talking on her mobile'.

WHEREAS AND WHILE


We can use WHEREAS and WHILE in the middle of the sentence to contrast two ideas.

Use WHEREAS because it is more formal.

WHEREAS AND WHILE


A COMMA IS NEEDED AFTER THE FIRST CLAUSE.

Females scored higher in analytical subjects, whereas males scored higher in creative disciplines.

Derbyshire allocated the majority of its budget on leisure services, whereas Yorkshire invested hardly any of its budget in leisure.

WHEREAS AND WHILE


A COMMA IS NEEDED AFTER THE FIRST CLAUSE.

For most of the years output from English factories grew, whereas in Wales it actually fell.

In 2014, 33% of visitors were from Asia, whereas in 1992 the proportion was just 11%.

WHEREAS AND WHILE


Definition: Adverb clause of concession implies something surprising is conveyed in the principal clause when compared to the subordinate clause.

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Tips for IELTS Academic Task 1 (sentences for change and contrast)