NAGARJUNA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND

TECHNOLOGY

TECHNICAL SEMINARON

“THUNDERBOLT – AN INCREDIBLY FAST I/O TECHNOLOGY”

BRIEF VIEW Thunderbolt Key Features Of Thunderbolt General Specifications Connector Pin Diagram Advantage of choosing fibre cable copper

cable Protocol in Thunderbolt Protocol Architecture Controller Architecture Thunderbolt technology and possibilites Thunderbolt vs. other existing I/O interfaces Thunderbolt 2 Future-Thunderbolt 3 Conclusion

THUNDERBOLT

Thunderbolt Technology is a transformational high speed, dual core I/O protocol which provides excellent performance over current I/O technologies which are available in the market with 10Gbps bi-directional transfer speed.

It provides flexibility and simplicity by supporting both data and video on a single cable connection that can daisy-chain up to six devices

With this Thunderbolt technology it is now possible to enable the thinnest and lightest laptops can connected over a single cable to high performance storage, external media drives, multiple HD displays, HD media.

KEY FEATURES

• 10Gbps bi-directional, dual channel data transfer

• Data & Video on single cable with Dual-protocol (PCI Express and DisplayPort)

• Daisy chain up to six devices• Compatible with existing DisplayPort devices• Uses native PCIe and DisplayPort protocol

software drivers• Power over cable for bus-powered devices

(electrical cables only)

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONParameters Specific values

Width 7.4 mm male (8.3 mm female)

Height 4.5 mm male (5.4 mm female)

Hot Pluggable Yes

Daisy Chain Yes, up to 6 devices

Max Voltage 18V (bus power)

Pins 20

Max Current 550mA (9.9 W max)

Bit Rate  10 Gbps per channel (20 Gbps in total)

CONNECTOR PIN DIAGRAMPIN NO. SIGNAL FUNCTIONPIN 1 GND GroundPIN 2 HPD Hot plug detectPIN 3 HS0TX(P) High speed transmitter 0

PIN 4 HSORX(P) High speed receiver 0 PIN 5 HS0TX(N) High speed transmitter 0

PIN 6 HS0RX(N) High speed receiver 0 PIN 7 GND GroundPIN 8 GND GroundPIN 9 LSR2P TX Low speed transmitPIN 10 GND ReservedPIN 11 LSR2P RX Low speed receiverPIN 12 GND ReservedPIN 13 GND GroundPIN 14 GND GroundPIN 15 HS1TX(P) High speed transmitter 1

PIN 16 HS1TX(P) High speed receiver 1 PIN 17 HS1TX(P) High speed transmitter 1

PIN 18 HS1TX(P) High speed receiver1PIN 19 Ground GroundPIN 20 DPPWR power

ADVANTAGES OF CHOOSING FIBER OVER COPPER CABLE

1. Greater bandwidth:- Fiber provides more bandwidth than copper. More bandwidth means fiber can carry more information with greater fidelity than copper wire.

2. Speed and distance:- Because the fiber optic signal is made of light, very little signal loss occurs during transmission, and data can move at higher speeds and greater distances.

3. Security:- It doesn’t radiate signals and is extremely difficult to tap. If the cable is tapped, it’s very easy to monitor because the cable leaks light, causing the entire system to fail.

4. Cost:- The cost for fiber cable, components, and hardware has steadily decreased. Overall, fiber cable is more expensive than copper cable in the short run, but it may be less expensive in the long run.

PROTOCOL IN THUNDERBOLT

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Each Thunderbolt port on a computer is capable of providing the full bandwidth of the link in both the direction.

A Thunderbolt connector is capable of providing two full duplex channels. The main focus of

Thunderbolt comes on two layers, Physical layer and Transport layer.

PROTOCOL ARCHITECTUREPhysical layer is responsible for link maintenance including hot-plug detection, and data encoding to provide highly efficient data transfer

The heart of the Thunderbolt protocol architecture is the Transport layer.

CONTROLLER ARCHITECTURE

• A high-performance, cross-bar Thunderbolt protocol switch• One or more Thunderbolt ports• One or more DisplayPort protocol adapter ports• A PCI Express switch with one or more PCI Express protocol adapter

port

 

A Thunderbolt controller contains: 

 DisplayPort and PCI Express protocols are mapped onto the transport layer.

CONTROLLER ARCHITECTURE CONTINUE

THUNDERBOLT TECHNOLOGIES AND POSIBILITES

• No project is too massive.If you’re a video editor, imagine using a single port to connect high-performance storage, a high-resolution display, and high-bit-rate video capture devices to handle all the post-production for a feature film.• Changing the PC industry.Thunderbolt technology also enables the introduction of thinner and lighter laptops without sacrificing I/O performance, and extends to reach other I/O technologies by using PCIe-based adapters• Performance and expansion made faster and smarter.Thunderbolt I/O technology gives you two channels on the same connector with 10 Gbps of throughput in both directions. That makes Thunderbolt ultrafast and ultra flexible.

THUNDERBOLT VS EXISTING I/O INTERFACE

THUNDERBOLT 2In June 2013, Intel announced that the next generation of Thunderbolt. Thunderbolt 2 is an update to the original thunderbolt, based on the codenamed "Falcon Ridge" is officially named "Thunderbolt 2”.

Intel claims Thunderbolt 2 will be able to transfer a 4K video while simultaneously displaying it on a discrete monitor.

At the physical level, the bandwidth of Thunderbolt 1 and Thunderbolt 2 are identical, and Thunderbolt 1 cabling is thus compatible with Thunderbolt 2 interfaces. At the logical level, Thunderbolt 2 enables channel aggregation, whereby the two previously separate 10 Gbit/s channels can be combined into a single logical 20 Gbit/s channel.

THUNDERBOLT 3Thunderbolt 3 is computer port delivering two 4K displays, fast data, and quick notebook charging, said, vice president of Intel Corporation.

Technology Features• 40 Gbps Thunderbolt 3 – double the speed of Thunderbolt 2• Bi-directional, dual-protocol (PCI Express and Display Port)• 4 lanes of PCI Express Gen 3• 8 lanes of Display Port 1.2 (HBR2 and MST)• Supports two 4K displays (4096 x 2160 30bpp @ 60 Hz)

• USB 3.1 (10 Gbps) – compatible with existing USB devices and cables• Daisy chaining (up to six devices)

CONCLUSION

Thunderbolt technology brings a new balance of performance, simplicity and flexibility to end users and product designers alike

Due to cost factor, it is out of reach for an average product for now, USB still more popular which practically free

At present it is running at electrical standard but it will be at optical standard in long run

REFERENCES:[1] “Thunderbolt Technology brief”, www.thunderbolttechnology.net, 2012

[2] Apple-India, “Thunderbolt next generation high speed technology”, Apple

website,2011

[3] Andrew Ku,” everything you need to know about thunderbolt” Tom’s

hardware, 2013

[4] Intel, ”Thunderbolt Ready-upgrade program for PC, Motherboard, workstation

computers”, Benchmark review.com, 16 Nov 2013.

[5] James Gilbraith, “Promise preps for MAC Pro with Thunderbolt 2”

macworld.com, 16 Sep 2013

[6] Thunderbolt (interface), Wikipedia, Retrieved Nov 18, 2013

[7] Jason Ziller, “Thunderbolt Technology update” Intel, 8 April, 2013

[8] Gordon Mah Ung, “Thunderbolt vs. USB 3.0 “maximumpc.com, 29 Jan 2013

  

THANK YOU

BY:- AMIT KUMAR SINHA (1NC11EC016)