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A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF NINE CLINICAL SPECIMENS FROM THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NATIONAL MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, AND ONE
FROM THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE OF KELLIS 2 CEMETERY IN DAKHLEH OASIS, EGYPT
STEVIE MATHEWS
Diagnosing Anencephaly in Archaeology:
Disclaimer
This presentation includes graphic photographs of deceased infants with neural
tube defects.
Introduction
Maps are a courtesy of Lana Willams and Sandra Wheeler, University of Western Ontario. Burial photo is courtesy of Peter Sheldrick.
Research Questions and Hypotheses
K2 B563
Peculiarities of Burial 563
? ?
?
? ?
Fetal Growth
Source: http://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/wwwhuman/Hum12wk/Hum12wk.htm
Neural Tube Development
Source: http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v7/n9/images/nrn1986-f1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v7/n9/fig_tab/nrn1986_F1.html&h=888&w=355&sz=53&hl=en&start=8&sig2=3jZ9u6wzkVao8PtRHa-93Q&um=1&tbnid=kWsV-ZMrkV2H5M:&tbnh=146&tbnw=58&ei=6gnoR_ufKZjgigGBlYm-BQ&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dneural%2Btube%2Bdefect%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN
Day 19
Day 21
Day 20
Day 22
Neural tube
Anencephaly
Source: http://www.geocities.com/HotSprings/Falls/7780/images/anencephaly.html
Severe Anencephaly
Source: http://isc.temple.edu/neuroanatomy/lab/embryo_new/nt/4/spbf.html
Source: http://www.urmc.rochester.edu/neuroslides/slide183.html
Meroanencephaly
Holoanencephaly
Craniorachischisis
Normal
Skeletal Research in Anencephaly
Normal Holoanencephalic
Meroanencephalic
Source: Fields HW., Metzner L., Garol JD., and Kokich VG. 1978. The Craniofacial Skeleton in Anencephalic Human Fetuses I. Cranial Floor. Teratology. 17.
Source: http://www.francecasts.com/casts/humans/pathology_and_anomolies/Source: Garol JD., Fields HW., Metzner L., and Kokich VG. 1978. The Craniofacial Skeleton in Anencephalic Human Fetuses I. Cranial Floor. Teratology. 17.
Cranial Base
Cranial Floor
Skeletal Material at the Smithsonian
Anencephaly in Archaeology
Original Source: Geoffroy Saint-Hillaire E. 1826. Note about an Egyptian monster found in the ruins of Thebes, in Egypt, by M. Passalascqua. Bulletin des Sciences Medicales VII: 105-108.
Biological Profile of B563
Left Right Average Est. Age
Basion Length 9.90 29.25
Basion Width 9.23 28.25
Zygomatic Width 13.09 13.40 13.245 25.75
Clavicle Length 32.63 32.86 32.75 30.75
Scapula Width 21.39 21.72 21.56 31
Scapula Height 24.11 24.11 29.5
Ulna Length 43.13 43.78 43.46 30.25
Radius Length 38.90 39.25 39.08 30.75
Femur Length 52.99 52.85 52.92 31.25
Tibia Length 48.46 48.44 48.45 31.75
Fibula Length 45.66 45.66 31.75
Avg Age Est
30.02
Avg Age Est W/O 30.88
Craniorachischisis?
FRONTALS: Diagnosing Anencephaly in B563
B563 NMNH Garol et al.
Meroanencephaly?
Holoanencephaly?
?
Craniorachischisis?
Diagnosing Anencephaly in B563
B563 NMNH Garol et al.
Meroanencephaly?
Holoanencephaly?
Diagnosing Anencephaly in B563
Normal B563 NMNH Anencephalic
Conclusion
The End