b. The Principle of Appropriateness of Assessment

Evaluation procedures and techniques should be selected in terms of the

clearly stated objectives (Gronlund, 1991 )

The clearer the objectives are in teacher’s mind, the greater the

chance of making a wise decision to choose appropriate assessment procedures and techniques in assessing students’ learning.

General formats of assessment Instruments

1. Objective test2. Subjective test3. Performance test4. Oral Reasoning5. Observation6. Self Reports

Objective test are those that require one and only one correct answer and no other possible answers.

Reganit, et al. (2004) is made up of items for which correct responses maybe set up in advance

Type of objective test item formats

1. Supply type2. Matching type3. Alternative-response type4. Labeling5. Enumeration6. Multiple Choice

Subjective testare evaluated by giving an

opinion about the issue, concept, ideas and the like.

Example:rubrics

Test reliability

use

Performance testthis test is used when the

objective of the lesson requires that at the end of the lesson the students are required to perform in an activity.

Determine whether students have acquired the necessary skills to do the tasks in the learning activity.

Oral Reasoningwhen the instructional objectives states that “at the end the lesson, pupils orally defend their stand on the issue.Determine students’ critical thinking and other meta-cognitive processes and oral presentation

ObservationReed and Bergemann (2001)

is one of effective means of learning...... how students respond to the learning environment.

this can be done by teacher, co-students or even by parents.

Example:Observation checklist or Rating scales

Determine students’ performance, behaviour, skills, values, and achievement.

these are considered as non-test assessment instrument

Use

Self-Reportsstudents may be required to write

personal opinions, journals and reflections about the learning activity.

evaluate whether or not these students have learned the concepts though in the classroom.

use

it also contain personal account of students’ participation and involvement in the teaching and learning processes.

the teachers practice this method, comply with the requirement that “evaluation should allow students to evaluate themselves”

(ipsative assessment)

Thank you for listening!!!!!!