AIMS OF SPANISH COLONIZATIONTHREE G’s

God propagation of Catholic Christianity

Gold economic wealth / acquire riches

Glory to be the greatest empire in the world

RECOPILACION DE LEYES DE LAS INDIAS Laws of the indies convenient colonial code that is compose of numerous laws in governing the colonies of Spain

ON TAXATIONImpose and collect revenue for public purpose

One of the laws promulgated by the Indies promulgated by the Spanish crown was to require conquered inhabitants to pay tribute in recognition of the Spanish sovereignty. Before One family paid tribute amounting to eight reales or one

peso. If unmarried one-half tribute In 1589 it was increased to ten reales in 1851 increased to twelve reales in 1884 abolished and was replaced with a personal cedula tax.

Bandala natives were coerced to sell their harvest to the government at very low price.

POLO - the dehumanizing labor where the Spanish

government required all male healthy and physically able between AGES 16- 60 to render service for forty days.

POLISTAS - the natives who rendered forces labor.

FALLA - a fee given to Spaniards to become exempted in rendering laborforce.

Established by Jose Basco Y Vargas in 1781 the increase in revenues of the government through the cultivation of tobacco.

The cultivation of tobacco was confined to NUEVA ECIJA, CAGAYAN VALLEY, MARINDUQUE, AND ILOCOS PROVINCES.

The Galleon Trade (Manila- Acapulco)

Obras Pias- a Foundation where money from trade was invested and appropriated to be given to charitable institutions.

The Encomienderos abused their right by way of forcing the natives to pay tribute beyond what the law prescribed.

Encomiendaa grant by the Spanish Crown to a colonist conferring the right to demand tribute and forced labor from the inhabitants of an area.

TWO KINDS OF EncomiendaROYAL exclusively owned by the kingPRIVATE owned by private person

Fathers Pedro Chirino Antonio De Morga

This was considered as one of the administrative accomplishment had done by Spain for the people of the colony.

BISHOPDOMINGO SALAZAR

first book in the Philippines, the Doctrina Christiana

The early Filipino printers were engravers and at the same time who were trained by Spanish missionaries.

Tomas Pinpin

Jose Dela Cruz (Husing Sisiw 1746-1829) Francisco Baltazar (1789-1862)

Felix Resurrection Hidaldo, won a silver medal for his Christian Virgins Exposed

Juan Luna received his first gold medal for his Spolarium as their entries for Madrigal Exposition of Fine Arts.

On ReligionWith the help of the soldiers, the missionaries easily conquered territories of the colony and converted the natives to Christianity.

The various missionaries who used their religious influence to facilitate the teaching of Gospel and propagation of Catholic Christian faith were

• the Augustinians (1565)• the Franciscans (1577)• The Jesuits (1581)• the Dominicans (1587)• the Recollects (1606).

The Filipino conversion to Christianity inevitably meant the adoption of fiesta as a socio- religious event celebrating the feast day of the patron saint of the Catholic town as an occasion of thanksgiving for a bountiful harvest and other blessings.

SAN AGUSTIN CHURCHoldest church in thePhilippines

In 1863, the Spanish government enacted and implemented an educational reform primarily

designed to improve the state of education throughout the archipelago.

The decree provided for the establishment of at least one school for boys and one for

girls in every town.

The decree also provided for the establishment of a normal school for male teachers

under the supervision of the Jesuits and created a commission of eight

members headed by the Governor General.

University of Santo Tomas- oldest pontifical university in the Philippines founded by Dominicans

in 1611

Colegio De San Juan De Letran- founded in 1601

Colegio De Sta. Potentiana- 1589

Colegio De Sta. Isabel- 1632

College of La Concordia- 1869

Assumption Convent- 1892

The government also allowed foreign investors to establish residence in the Philippines. Spain opened its ports in Manila and other parts of the country.

Foreign banking institutions and other lending and credit facilities were open. Roads and bridges were built, shipping lines, inter islands and overseas were improved and communication system were upgraded.

The opening of the Philippines to world trade and with the emergence of multifarious forces, e.g., scientific and industrial, economic, social, and political resulted in economic changes and prosperity that improved the quality of life of the Filipinos.

POLITICAL SYSTEMGovernor General chief executive of the Philippines

CHECKS TO GUBERNATORIAL POWERS

o Royal Audiencia (Supreme Court)

Autos acordados acts agreed upon by the members of Royal

Audiencia

Oidormembers

o Archbishop and the clergy who were influential in the king’s court

o The complaints which subordinate public offials & private citizens

o Residencia trial of an outgoing governor general and other Spanish

officials

Governor Guido Lavezaris first Spanish gov. gen. who was subjected

to a residencia (1572-75)

o Visitadoran investigator which the king sent to the colony to investigate

conditions in the Philippines

ALCADIAS provinces governed by ALCALDE MAYOR CORREGIMIENTOS special districts that represents unpacified regions CORREGIDOR usually an army officer that governs CORREGIMIENTOS PUEBLO town Gobernadorcillo petty governor administrate a pueblo also known as

CAPITAN and his wife CAPITANA TENIETE MAYOR Chief lieutenant JUEZ DE SEMENTERAS justice of the fields JUEZ DE GANADOS justice of cattle JUEZ DE POLICIA justice of police DIRECTORCILLO municipal Secretary CABEZA DE BARANGAY administrate a BARANGAY or barriosAYUNTAMIENTO city government CABILDO city council Alcalde (mayor)

sRegidores(councilors) Aguacil mayor (chief constable) Escribano (secretary)