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• THE PHILIPPINE Revolution began in 1896 and really ended only in 1901.

• At first, it was a war of independence against the Spain.

• Later,it turned into a war of independence against the United State

• The first part of revolution was a success.

• Many of our best heroes were killed during the revolution.

• After the discovery of the Katipunan ,Bonifacio gathered his men in the hills of balintawak.

• Balintawak was the place north of Manila which was then a secret meeting place of the katipuneros.

• On August 26,1896,the fiery Bonifacio stopped all the talking .”There is no other way,”he told them, ”enough is enough!” He angrily tore his residence certificate(Cedula).

• It was the symbol of Spanish oppression of Filipinos.

• Also their tore cedulas the called for a revolution.

• The katipuneros led by Bonifacio started the Revolution.

• (1) The abuses of Spanish officials and priests;

• (2)Persecution of Filipino leaders who defended the rights of their fellow countrymen;

• (3)Filipinos 'desire to regain their independence;

• (4)Discovery of the Katipunan and Bonifacio’s call for revolution.

The first battle of the revolution took place at

the town of San Juan del Monte at dawn of

Sunday, August 30 ,1986.

Bonifacio and some 1000 katipuneros attacked

the Spanish arsenal at San Juan.

It was bloody and awful battle.

The Filipinos were armed only with bolos,a few

handmade guns (paltics) old rifles,bamboo

spears, and amulets (anting-anting).

The superior weapons' of the Spanish Armed forces won the day.

The Filipinos lost and retreated.

They left 153 dead comrades behind.

The revolution quickly spread like wild fire in Southern Luzon,

The Spanish Governor General, Ramon Blanco, declared a state of war in eight provinces;

Manila,Bulacan,Pampanga,Nueva Ecija,Tarlac,Laguna,Cavite,and Batangas.

The Spanish officials terrorized the Filipinos and executed many of their famous leaders.

Many Filipino patriots were arrested and put in prison at Fort Santiago.

About 1,000 Filipinos were exiled to Guam, Africa and other Spanish prisons abroad.

The martyrdom of their leaders made the Filipinos more angry at the Spanish officials.

The famous martyr of the Philippine revolution 1896 was Dr.Jose Rizal.

Rizal was allowed to leave Dapitan and go to Cuba as a volunteer doctor in the Spain army.

He was arrested and taken back to Manila.

He was put in prison at fort Snatiago and tried by the military court .

He was found guilty of being a traitor to Spain and sentenced to death.

At dawn of December 30,1896,Rizal was shot by a firing squad at the Luneta.

Emilio Aguinaldo

• Born on March 22, 1869.

• Quit his studies at the Letran College in Manila after his father died in 1882.

• Gen. Aguinaldo was elected President of the First Revolutionary Government on March 23 and lasted until October 31, 1897.

• He beated Bonifacio to the position.

• Aguinaldo was elected as the President of the Biak-na-Bato Republic on November 1, 1897.

The Filipinos freedom fighter fought with crude wepons: bolos, clubs , stones, bamboo, spears, old musket, and homomade guns (paltiks).

The Filipinos won many battles against the Spanish Government troop.

The Greatest victory in the battle of the Filipino was won by Emilio Aguinaldo in the battle of Binakayan, Cavite on November 9 to 11,1896.

Thousands of Filipinos were inspired to join the revolution in the nearby provinces.

The Filipino revolutionaries captured, Las Piñas, Parañaque, and other towns around in manila.

• The revolutionaries was divided in two.

• The Magdalos- Aguinaldo’s group and the Magdiwangs- Bonifacio’s group.

• Aguinaldo win his battles while Bonifacio lost all his battle.

• Bonifacio’s supporters refused to help Aguinaldo when they were attacked similarly.

• Aguinaldo’s followers, did not help the Magdiwangs when they fought the Spaniard.

• Both rival groups decided to meet at Tejeros, Cavite on March 22, 1897.

• They wanted to settle the controversy on Leadership because a revolution must have only one leader.

• They decided to elect the officers of a Revolutionary Government.

• Bonifacio was over-confident. His followers outnumbered the followers of Aguinaldo.

• Aguinaldo wasn’t able to attend the election because he was fighting the Spanish army at Imus.

• Bonifacio was elected as the new leader.

• He did not know that the Filipinos no longer wanted him as the leader. Aguinaldo won the majority vote for new President of the First Revolutionary Government..

• Bonifacio lost even the position of Vice-President and the other lower positions.

• As a consolation, Bonifacio was elected to the last office of secretary of the interior but even the lowest position was protested by Daniel Tirona.

• At the Battle of Limbon, Bonifacio and his men lost the fight and were taken prisoners.

• Andres was wounded and his brother Ciriacowas killed.

• His wife Gregoria de Jesus was one of the prisoners.

• The Revolutionary Government tried Bonifacio and his brother Procopio by military court martial at Maragondon on May 5, 1897 and they were found guilty they were sentenced to die.

• Aguinaldo reduced their sentence to life imprisonment but was able to cancel that order and execute Bonifacio.

• On May 19, 1897 Andres and Procopio were shot by a firing squad of Aguinaldo’s soldiers in near Maragondon.

• Under the command of Major Lazaro Makapagal.

The revolution went from bad to worse for the Filipinos.

Aguinaldo lost one battle after another.

Aguinaldo moved his war camp many times away from Cavite.

On november 1, 1897 the filipinos revolutionaries leaders approved a constitution for anew Government.

.This became a Biaknabato Republic.

On Nov. 1 to Dec. 30, 1897 Aguinaldo was again elected as President of the Biaknabato Republic.

No one side could win the revolution.

The Filipinos could not win.

The Spanish government could not win .

Spanish Governor General Primo de Rivera told the Spanish Cortes (Parliament): “I Can captured their Biaknabato headquarters.

So he sent the olive branch of peace to Aguinaldo .He offered to end the fighting on both sides.

Aguinaldo decided to accept the peace offer of Governor Primo de Rivera.

Dr. Pedro A. Paterno, a prominent Filipino ,acted as the go-between in the peace negotiations.

He succeeded in negotiating the agreement to end the fighting between the Filipinos and the Spaniards.

This was historic Pact of BiaknaBato.

It was signed by General Aguinaldo and Governor General Primo Rivera on Dec. 14 and 15 1897.

• Peace was proclaimed in the Philippines after the Pact of Biak-na-Bato.

• Gen. Aguinaldo and other revolutionary leaders went to exile in Hong Kong as a part of agreement.

• Aguinaldo and his companions reached Hong Kong on December 30, 1897.

Women of the RevolutionMelchora Aquino (popularly known as “Tandang

Sora”

Gregoria Montoya (joan of Arc of Cavite”)

Agueda Kahabagan (joan of Arc of the Sant Cruz, Laguna”);

Tersa Magbanua (joan of aec of the Visayas”)

Trinidad Tecson (“Mother of Biaknabato”)

Nazarai Lagos (“Florence Nightingale of Panay”)

Patronicia Gamboa (Heroine of jaro”)

Marcela Agoncillo (wife of Filipino doplomat Felipe agoncillo.

Spanish

• Both the Filipinos and the Spaniards broke their peace agreement at Biak-na-Bato.

• Spain did not pay P1.7 million war indemnity to the Filipinos.

• Only P600,000 was paid.

• Spanish officials continue to arrest and punish Filipino who surrendered.

Filipino

• Aguinaldo spend the money to buy more arms and ammunition.

• They did not surrender all their weapons.

• They wanted to continue the revolution.