“A History of the English Language”

By Ingrid Bello Acuña

Fundamental human faculty

Creative expression

Scientific inquiry

and others

Face to face communication

6,000 to 7,000 languagesIn the world

Spanish, Chinese, Arabic, Hindi and English

is a Is used for

There are

Among them

EnglishPeople from Great Britain

A particular language

Germanic tribes

Their language reach the British Isles

The word from the Angles

Contacts with

French and Latin

describes

Derives from

refers

And also

was origined

Main points of the origins and History of the English

British Isles They have been inhabited by different

people for at least 50,000 years = Celts around 3,000 years ago

Celtic Celtic languages were spoken all over

europe and there were many tribes; these languages survive to the present in wales, scotland and ireland but they are not consider english.

Roman Empire(476) When it collapsed for political power of the

Roman Empire, Latin was spoken in parts of Britain and the European continent and it exerted a strong influence on Celtic and Germanic languages

“One of the major functions of language is to indicate who does what to whom (and where, when, how, and why that occurs)” .

“Languages differ in how they mark these functions= through endings on the verbs and nouns or through word order and grammatical words”.

“The endings in Old English express what word order and prepositions do in Modern English. This is one of the major changes that ocurred between both, a change from synthetic to analytic”.

The settlements and roads of the Romans were extensive and remained important even after they left the island in 410.

Latin influence continues through medieval and renaissance times, not through actual migrations but through the Catholic Church and intellectual developments such as Humanism and the Renaissance

British Isles again

Several Germanic tribes= The Frisians, the Angles, the Saxons, and possibly the Judes= occupied the british isles

1066, william of Normandy arrived and defeated Harold during the Battle of Hastings as a result french appeared in the history of English.

Modern English and Earlier English

Linguistics aspectsLinguists distinguish among varities such as varities

of region, social class, and register, or level of formality,

The branch of linguistics that is interested in varities is called sociolinguistics which studies the language in social contexts

Glossary:

Register it is according formal and level language according situation (context) determined by relations speakers

SL it is a variation of language and it is spoken by educated people, It is prestigious and also it used in academic writing, grammatical, linguistic correct and it is not associated with geography

NSL it is a variation of language which is not appropiated

Dialect pronunciation, morphology, vocabulary, grammar, and semantic that make one group of speakers different from another group of speakers of the same languageAccent variation of phonological features such as pronunciation, tone, intonation, rythmSlang very informal language for instance idioms

Hence, styles refer to formal style, usually taught in schools and used by journalists or editors, often referred to as the standard and Colloquial, informal style, often used in speech, with slang while varities refer to regional, variety typical for a region also called dialect, social for a social group also called sociolect and register for an occupation or situation also called jargon.

Scientific discipline researching the language that is actual y

used by native speaker or foreigners

It`s a branch of linguistics which investigates the individual and social

variation of language

It`s concentrates on variations

arising from social various factors

It`s study of language in social contexts such as social groups or

speech communicativesIt has to do

with the inter-

relationships between language

and society

It has strong

connections to

anthropology

Register It`s according formal level language and according to the situation, it`s determined by relation of speakers

E.G “esta noche iré al culto”

Reference to Evangelical peopleStyle It could be very informal or formal, depend on the

situation

E.G “a interview for get a job” “a football game”

JargonTechnical vocabulary associated with a special activity or group

E.G “The Snodgrass MuffBleeders, bloops, and squibs

Play –by-play Reference to baseball

External and internal change

There are some changes in the language for chance or neccesity:

First external changes is related to language contact or innovations by speakers or issues of political or social identity in order to communicate between speakers of different languages.

Second internal changes is related to speakers stop using endings and start to rely on words such as of, for, the, and have. It has more linguistic aspects .