The CrusadesThe Crusades

By: Eric ChiuBy: Eric Chiu

BackgroundBackground

• Objective was to recapture the holy city of Jerusalem, which was controlled by Muslims

The First Crusade The First Crusade 1097-10991097-1099

Crusaders were gathered in Crusaders were gathered in Constantinople and left in 1097Constantinople and left in 1097

Crusaders marched to Palestine and Crusaders marched to Palestine and sucessfully took Jerusalemsucessfully took Jerusalem

Map of First CrusadeMap of First Crusade

The Second CrusadeThe Second Crusade1145-11491145-1149

Crusader states in Middle East were Crusader states in Middle East were being attacked by the Muslim Caliphbeing attacked by the Muslim Caliph

Pope called for another crusade to Pope called for another crusade to take back the Muslim-controlled city take back the Muslim-controlled city of Edessaof Edessa

Crusaders reached Jerusalem and Crusaders reached Jerusalem and attacked Damascus, but failedattacked Damascus, but failed

Crusaders went back home after the Crusaders went back home after the failed attackfailed attack

Map of Second CrusadeMap of Second Crusade

Third Crusade 1189-1192Third Crusade 1189-1192• In 1187, the leader of the Muslim forces, In 1187, the leader of the Muslim forces,

Saladin, took Jerusalem from the CrusadersSaladin, took Jerusalem from the Crusaders• Richard the Lionheart and King Philip of France Richard the Lionheart and King Philip of France

led the Third Crusadeled the Third Crusade• Crusaders managed to capture Acre in Israel in Crusaders managed to capture Acre in Israel in

11911191• Richard led his army to Jerusalem but were Richard led his army to Jerusalem but were

stopped by Saladin’s forcesstopped by Saladin’s forces• Richard and Saladin were able to negotiate a Richard and Saladin were able to negotiate a

treaty that gave Christians special rights on treaty that gave Christians special rights on JerusalemJerusalem

Map of Third CrusadeMap of Third Crusade

Fourth Crusade 1202 - 1204Fourth Crusade 1202 - 1204Crusaders of Western Europe invaded and Crusaders of Western Europe invaded and

attacked the Christian city of attacked the Christian city of ConstantinopleConstantinople

Crusaders looted the city and destroyed Crusaders looted the city and destroyed many pieces of ancient artmany pieces of ancient art

Crusaders did not reach the Middle East, Crusaders did not reach the Middle East, or the Holy Landor the Holy Land

Map of Fourth CrusadeMap of Fourth Crusade

Effects of the CrusadesEffects of the Crusades 2,000,000 to 6,000,000 people were 2,000,000 to 6,000,000 people were

killed in the Crusadeskilled in the Crusades Jerusalem remained in Muslim powerJerusalem remained in Muslim power Increased commerce between Europe Increased commerce between Europe

and the Holy Landand the Holy Land

Review #1Review #1 Q: What was the Q: What was the

main objective of the main objective of the Crusades? Crusades?

A: The main goal A: The main goal was to capture was to capture JerusalemJerusalem

Review #2Review #2► Q: What were the Q: What were the

Crusades? Crusades? ► A: The Crusades A: The Crusades

were holy wars, a were holy wars, a war fought for God.war fought for God.

Review #3

Q: Which Crusade was sucessful in capturing Jerusalem?

The First Crusade

The EndThe End