Unit 1 Module 1

The Classics

Key Words:

Literature fiction e.g. novel, play, short story; non-fiction e.g. biography, history, poetry.Reference address book, atlas, dictionary, encyclopedia, instruction manual, phone book.Format CD-ROM, comic, e-book, hardback, online (e.g. blog), paperback

GRAMMAR: Reported orders, requests and advice

If you want to report orders, requests and advices, it can sometimes be done fairly simply by using these constructions:

Simple Past V. + noun or pronoun + to + infinitive

Examples:

1- The Actual Words: ‘Call the first witness.’The Reported Speech: The judge ordered them to call the first witness.

2- The Actual Words: ‘You should put the book on your required reading list.’The Reported Speech: Educational authorities advised schools to put the book on their required reading list.

3- The Actual Words: ‘Please wait here till I return.’The Reported Speech: The teacher requested Sarah to wait there till she returned.

Simple Past V. + noun or pronoun + not + to + infinitive

Examples:

1- The Actual Words: ‘Don’t go too near the edge of the cliffs!’ The Reported Speech: My father warned me not to go too near the edge

of the cliffs.

2- The Actual Words: ‘You should not stay awake the night before the exam.’The Reported Speech: The teacher advised the students not to stay awake the night before the exam.

3- The Actual Words: ‘Don't forget to memorize your lines.’The Reported Speech: The director told the actor not to forget to memorize his lines.

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Unit 1 Module 1

advisewarnorder

askpersuade

wanttell

somebodyto do

not to dosomething

Note:

Notice that the pronouns change in the reported speech. For example:

"You should put the book on your required reading list."They advised us to put the book on our required reading list.They asked them to put the book on their required reading list.

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