THE ANIMAL KINGDOM

BY: JOSHUA P. MAGPANTAY

WHAT IS ANIMAL KINGDOM?1.DIFFER IN SIZE AND SHAPE2.THEY BELONG TO EUKARYOTE GROUP3.OTHER ARE FOUND IN FRESH OR MARINE

WATERS AND SOME ARE HABITAT ON LAND

WHAT IS ANIMAL KINGDOM?4. THEY PRODUCE EITHER SEXUALLY OR ASEXUALLY

5. SOME GET NOURISHMENT FROM OTHER ANIMALS, OTHER EAT PLANTS WHILE OTHER FEED ON PROTISTS

6. ANIMALS ALSO HAVE CELLS THAT TRANSMIT MESSAGES THROUGHOUT THEIR BODY

ANIMALS CONSIST OF TWO MAJOR GROUP

INVERTEBRATES LACK OF BACKBONEVERTEBRATE WITH BACKBONE

With Without

THE INVERTEBRATE ANIMALS• SPONGES • CNIDARIANS • FLATWORM• ROUNDWORM• SEGMENTED WORM• MOLLUSKS• ECHINODERMS • ARTHROPODS

WHAT IS SPONGES?•THEY LIVE IN SHALLOW AND DEEP OCEANS•THE BODY OF HARD SPONGE IS SUPPORTED BY SKELETON CALLED SPICULES •THEY ARE MADE EITHER GLASSLIKE SILICA OR CALCIUM CARBONATE

SPICULES

WHAT IS SPONGES?•WATER AND FOOD ENTER THROUGH THE PORES INTO THE SPONGE BODY•FOOD IS BROUGHT TO THE COLLAR CELLS WITH THE BEATING OF FLAGELLA•WASTE WATER AND MATERIALS GO OUT OF THE SPONGE THROUGH THE OSCULUM

OSCULUM

WHAT IS CNIDARIANS?•IT HAS TENTACLES CONTAIN STINGING CELLS CALLED NEMATOCYSTS•NEMATOCYSTS COINTAIN POISON-FILLED STRUCTURES ARE USED FOR DEFENSE AND TO CAPTURE PRAY

CNIDARIANS

CORALS•FROM COLONIES OF VARIOUS COLORS AND SECRETE A HARD SKELETON.•GREAT IMPORTANCE AS THEY ARE ONE OF THE WORLD’S MOST PRODUCTIVE ECOSYSTEM•CORAL REEF ARE DESTROYED BY POLLUTION FROM OIL SPILLS AND DYNAMITE FISHING

CORALS

WHAT IS FLATWORMS?•IN GREEK PLATYS MEANS FLAT, HELMIS MEANS WORM•THEY ARE FLAT AND RIBBON LIKE ORGANISM •ARE FOUND IN FRESHWATER, IN WET PLACES AND MARINE WATERS•THEY INCLUDE FEE-LIVING OR NONPARASITIC WORMS

PARASITIC AND FREE-LIVING FLATWORM

FLUKES AND THE TAPEWORM PLANARIA- FLUKES ARE PARASITES THAT - IT LIVES IN MOIST

SURFACES, UNDER LIVE IN OTHER ANIMAL INCLUDING ROCKS AND PONDS, RIVERS AND EVENHUMANS AQUARIUMS

PARASITIC AND FREE-LIVING FLATWORM•TAPEWORM ARE ALSO PARASITIC FLATWORM LIKE FLUKES.•IT CAN HAVE FISH, COWS, AND PIGS AS HOSTS•HUMAN CAN BE INFECTED WITH TAPEWORMS IF THEY EAT UNCOOKED FISH, BEEF, OR PORK

FLATWORMS, PLANARIA, AND TAPEWORM

Flatworms Planaria Tapeworm

WHAT IS ROUNDWORMS?•ROUNDWORMS ALSO KNOWN AS NEMATODES HAVE LONG AND CYLINDRICAL AND SLENDER BODIES•SOME ROUNDWORMS ARE FREE-LIVING WHILE OTHER ARE PARASITIC•THE FREE-LIVING ONES ARE IMPORTANT AS THEY ARE DECOMPOSERS IN THE SOIL IN BOTH MARINE AND FRESHWATERS.•A LOT OF THEM ARE DECAYING ORGANIC MATTER

WHAT IS ROUNDWORMS?•PARASITIC ROUNDWORMS CAN BE FOUND IN MOIST TISSUES OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS•HEARTWORMS CAN INFECT DOGS AND CAT•HUMAN CAN BE INFECTED WITH PARASITIC ROUNDWORMS SUCH AS TRICHINA WORMS

PARASITIC ROUNDWORMS

hookworm Heartworm Trichina

WHAT IS SEGMENTED WORMS?•ALSO KNOWN AS ANNELIDS, THESE ANIMALS ARE CHARACTERIZED BY SEGMENTED OR REPEATED BODY PARTS•THIS MAKES THEM MOVE EASILY AND WITH FLEXIBILITY •MOSTLY FOUND CRAWLING IN MOIST SOIL OR SWIMMING IN SEA AND FRESHWATERS

EXAMPLE OF SEGMENTED WORMS•POLYCHAETES •EARTHWORM •LEECHES

POLYCHAETES •ARE MARINE LIVING IN TUBES ATTACHED TO ROCK AND SAND.•THEY GET FLOATING FOOD THROUGH THE FEATHERY GILLS•SANDWORMS ARE EXAMPLES OF POLYCHAETES.

POLYCHAETES

ANNELIDS•HAVE NERVOUS, CIRCULATORY, DIGESTIVE AND EXCRETORY SYSTEMS •GAS EXCHANGE ONLY OCCURS BY DIFFUSION THROUGH THEIR SKIN•THIS IS WHY EARTHWORM NEED TO BE IN MOIST PLACES LIKE UNDER ROCKS •THEY FEED AND BURROW THROUGH THE SOIL, THEY GET NUTRIENT AND ELIMINATE WASTE

ANNELIDS

LEECHES •ARE BLOOD-SUCKING ANNELIDS•THEY HAVE SUCKERS IN BOTH ENDS OF THEIR BODIES THAT ARE ALSO USED TO ATTACHED THEMSELVES TO THEIR HOST•THEY SECRETE AN ANTI-CLOTTING CHEMICAL THAT HAS BEEN USED IN MEDICINE

LEECHES

WHAT IS MOLLUSK?•ARE SOFT-BODIED INVERTEBRATES WITH MOST OF THEM COVERED BY SHELL•THEY HAVE COMPLEX RESPIRATORY, REPRODUCTIVE, CIRCULATORY, DIGESTIVE AND EXCRETORY SYSTEM FUNCTIONING TOGETHER FOR THEIR SURVIVAL

PARTS OF MOLLSKS •FOOT- FOR LOCOMOTION•MANTLE –THAT PRODUCES THE SHELL, AND •VISCERAL MASS- THAT CONTAIN THEIR INTERNAL ORGANS

THE THREE CLASSES OF MOLLUSKS•GASTROPODS•BIVALVES•CEPHALOPODS

GASTROPODS •ALSO CALLED UNIVALVES, (HAS ONLY ONE SHELL)•THEY ARE MOSTLY MARINE WITH FRESHWATER AND TERRESTRIAL MEMBERS•THOSE LIVING IN SEAS HAVE GILLS FOR BREATHING •THOSE ON LAND USE THE LINING OF THEIR MANTLE AS LUNGS

GASTROPODS

BIVALVES•THESE MOLLUSKS AS YOU HAVE OBSERVED CONSIST OF TWO SHELLS ATTACHED TO EACH OTHER•SOME OF THEM ARE ATTACHED ON ROCK, WHILE OTHER ARE REMAIN IN SAND OR MUD•THEY USE THEIR MANTLE CAVITY TO FEED BY TRAPPING SUSPENDED PARTICLES IN WATER AND FOR GAS EXCHANGE

BIVALVES

CEPHALOPOD•INCLUDE THE SQUID AND CUTTLEFISH WITH INTERNAL SKELETON•ALL CEPHALOPODS ARE DESCRIBE AS THE MOST ACTIVE MOLLUSKS, MOVING VERY FAST USING ARMS AND TENTACLES IN CATCHING PREY.

CEPHALOPOD

ECHINODERMS•ALL ECHINODERMS ARE FOUND IN A MARINE ENVIRONMENT•IS ROOTED IN THE SAND AT THE BOTTOM OF THE SEA•SOME ARE LIVING IN MUD OF DEEP OR SHALLOW WATERS

ECHINODERMS •THEY HAVE SPINES WHICH ARE EXTENSION MADE OF HARD CALCIUM•UNDER THE SKIN, THESE FROM AN INTERNAL SKELETON CALLED THE ENDOSKELETON

IMPORTANCE OF ECHINODERM •HOLOTHURIA EDULIS A SEE CUCUMBER, IS DRIED AND USED ASS INGREDIENT FOR CHOPSUEY AND SOUPS•SEA URCHIN ARE IMPORTANT TO CORAL REEFS BECAUSE THEY CONSUME ALGAE THAT OTHERWISE OVERGROW AND CAN KILL CORALS

ECHINODERMS

ARTHROPODS •THEY HAVE JOINTED LEGS•THEY ARE PRESENT IN ALL TYPES OF HABITATS.•THERE ARE ARTHROPODS THAT WALK OR CRAWL, SOME CAN FLY, WHILE OTHERS SWIM IN SALTY AND FRESHWATERS

SKELETON OF ARTHROPODS •EXOSKELETON IS MADE OF CHITIN AND VARIES FROM THIN AND FLEXIBLE TO THICK AND HARD•THESE ANIMALS GROW A NEW SKELETON MANY TIMES IN THEIR LIFE TO GIVE WAY TO GROWTH, SPECIALLY, INCREASE IN SIZE THROUGH THE PROCESS OF MOLTING •APPENDAGES MAY BE USED FOR AVOIDING PREDATORS, GETTING FOOD, WALKING OR SWIMMING

ARTHROPODS ARE GROPED ACCORDING TO THEIR EXOSKELETON •CRUSTACEANS•ARACHNIDS•MILLEPEDES AND CENTIPEDES•INSECT

CRUSTACEANS•THIS INCLUDES WATER FLEAS, CRABS, SHRIMPS, LOBSTERS, AND BARNACLES•THEY HAVE HARD EXOSKELETONS AND HAVE MANDIBLE TO BITE AND GRIND FOOD.•LIVE IN WATER WITH THE EXCEPTION OF THE PILL BUG.•MANY OF CRUSTACEANS ARE FOOD OF HUMANS•THE SMALL ONES ARE EATEN BY FISHES AND EVEN WHALES.

CRUSTACEANS

ARACHNIDS •HAVE TWO BODY SECTION WHICH IS CHELICERAE AND PEDIPALPS.•MOST WITH FOUR PAIRS OF LEGS AND MOUTHPART•THEY USED BOOK LUNGS TO RESPIRE •SPIDERS HAVE FLEXIBLE EXOSKELETON AND THIS IS THE LARGEST MEMBER OF THIS GROUP

ARACHNIDS •MITES AND TICKS ARE PARASITIC ARACHINDS •SCORPION HAVE POISONOUS STING•THE HORSEHOE CRAB, A CLOSE RELATIVE OF ARACHINDS, IS CONSIDERED THE OLDEST LIVING ARTHOPOD

ARACHNIDS

MILEPEDES AND CENTIPEDES•CLOSE RELATIVE OF INSECT “WORM-LIKE SEGMENTED BODIES”•THEY HAVE PAIR OF ANTENNA •EACH SEGMENT BEAR A PAIR OR TWO LEGS•THESE ANIMAL LIVES IN SOIL, UNDER ROCKS OR ROTTING LOGS AND LEAVES

MILEPEDES AND CENTIPEDES•MILLIPEDES HAVE TWO PAIRS OF LEGS PER SEGMENT AND ROLL UP WHEN IT DISTURBED •THEY FEED ON DECAYING MATTER•CENTIPEDES HAVE PAIR OF LEGS IN A SEGMENT •THEY HAVE VENOM CONTAINING CLAWS AND FEED EARTHWORMS

MILEPEDES AND CENTIPEDES

INSECT•THE LARGEST GROUP AMONG ARTHROPODS•THEY HAVE THREE BODY SECTION•THREE PAIR OF LEGS, A PAIR OF ANTENNA AND ONE PAIR OF WINGS•THEY ARE MORE ADAPTED FOR FLYING AND HAVE TRACHEAL TUBES FOR RESPIRATION

INSECT•THEY ARE PRESENT IN GREAT NUMBER IN ALL KINDS OF ENVIRONMENT EXCEPT MARINE WATERS•THEY PRODUCE RAPIDLY

INSECT

AN IMPORTANT INSECT THAT YOU SHOULD LEARN ABOUT IS MOSQUITOS

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