Target Formats for Film Digitization

Erik Piil, Digital Archivist, Anthology Film Archives ��CURATEcamp AVPres, April 9th, 2013, WITNESS.ORG (Basecamp)��

Email: [email protected] ��

Target Formats for Film Digitization

Format (35mm, 16mm, 9.5mm, Super8, 8mm, etc.)��Polarity (Positive, Negative)��Perforation Type (BH, KS, etc.)��Perforation Pitch (Short, Long)��Aspect Ratio (1.33:1, 1.37:1, 1.66:1, 1.85:1, etc.)��Sound (Silent, Variable Area, Variable Density, Magnetic Stripe, etc.)��

Standards and Systems of Motion Picture Film

Target Formats for Film Digitization��CURATEcamp AVPres, 9 April 2013��


Base Type (Nitrate, Acetate, Polyester, etc.)��Color (Color, B&W)��Granularity��Projection Speed (fps) (16, 18, 24, etc.)��Film Wind (A-Wind, B-Wind)��Stock Manufacturer (Eastman Kodak, DuPont, Fuji, etc.)��Edge Information (+▲, batch numbering, barcodes, manufacturer’s logo, etc.)��

Characteristics of Motion Picture Film



��Shrinkage, Stretching��Brittleness ��Ferrotyping��Dye Fading��Mold��Residue from Adhesives ��Splices ��Dust, Dirt��Scratches (Emulsion and/or Base)��

Characteristics of Motion Picture Film (cont.)



��Logarithmic versus Linear ��Dynamic Range��Wet-gate vs. dry-gate technology��Viewing environment for QC/QA ��LUTs (Look Up Tables)��Target exhibition / access environments (e.g. SD, HD, Digital Cinema, etc.)��Intra/extra-frame scanning (edge-to-edge, frame-only, etc.)��

Key Concepts/Considerations Prior to Digitization



File Format (image): DPX, Version 2��Resolution: 4K (4096 pixels horizontally) ��Color Space/Subsampling: R’G’B’/ 4:4:4��Quantization: 10,16-bit Logarithmic, Linear��File Format (audio): BWAV, PCM ��Bit depth: 24-bit, ��Sampling Rate: 48kHz��

Target Formats and Specifications – 35mm



File Format (image): DPX, Version 2��Resolution: 2K (2048 pixels horizontally) ��Color Space/Subsampling: R’G’B’/ 4:4:4��Quantization: 10, 16-bit Logarithmic, Linear��File Format (audio): BWAV, PCM ��Bit depth: 24-bit, ��Sampling Rate: 48kHz��

Target Formats and Specifications – 16mm



File Format (image): DPX, Version 2��Resolution: 2K (2048 or 1440 pixels horizontally) ��Color Space/Subsampling: R’G’B’/ 4:4:4��Quantization: 10, 16-bit, Logarithmic, Linear��File Format (audio): BWAV, PCM ��Bit depth: 24-bit, ��Sampling Rate: 48kHz��

Target Formats and Specifications – 8mm, S8



-JPEG 2000 (MXF)��-MP4 (MOV or AVI container)��*Frame rate and resolution of target formats should be preserved, if possible. Color space should be mapped accordingly, based on display environment. ��

Derivative Formats



Harm Jan Triemstra, Tom de Smet. Film Scanning Considerations. Published by PrestoCentre, www.prestocentre.eu ��Reto.ch AudioVisual Preservation http://avpres.net/de/Digitalisierung_8.html ��Digital Film Technology Weiterstadt, What resolution is needed to scan motion picture film: 4K, or higher? ��

Resources for Motion Picture Film Digitization




Questions?

Education

Target Formats for Film Digitization