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WCET 2008 Conference presentation
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G. Andrew PageAssistant Professor
University of Alaska AnchorageCollege of Education
What we will cover…
• What are educational simulations?
• Theoretical framework
• Examples• Resources
Entering The Matrix?
Matrix
What are educational simulations?
Definition
"Simulations and games are teaching
and learning methods in which participants are directly involved in making decisions
and learning from the outcomes of these.”
~The Society for the Advancement of Games and Simulations in Education and Training, http://
graph.ms.ic.ac.uk/sagset/
Why Should I use Simulations?
The Internets’ Evolution
• Web 1.0 textual and then graphics
Web 2.0 = Collaborative communication
•MySpace is the 11th Largest Country in the World.
•The Number of Text Messages Sent each day exceed the Total Population of Earth.
•2.7 Billion Google Searches Per Month.
Web 3.0
Virtual worlds and
simulations
It has been suggested that in the future most learning will be in simulations in three-dimensional environments with learners engaged in a variety of simulations and engaging virtual activities (Lynch, 2004, Downes, 1998).
You heard it here first!
Examples of Web 3.0
• SecondLife, Virtual Reality, SimTeach
• There.com
Simulations can…
• Enhance learning• Promote interactivity• Involve and engage
the learner
The Simulation focus…
…is different.
It is shaping behaviors through feedback rather than by direct instruction) and it uses different strategies to guide, engage, and motivate learners.
• Ex. http://gandrewpage.com/apa
Password: gap
Show, Tell, Engage
• Analogy of driving a car
Difference between familiarity and mastering a concept.
Source: Emerald insight
Learning Outcomes
• Critical thinking• Problem solving• Visual communication• Technology • Experience with
authentic and relevant outcomes
• Engaged learning
Theoretical underpinnings?
Cognitive Psychology
The goal of cognitive psychology is “to help students manage their own learning” (Bruning, Schraw, Ronning, 1999, p.10).
Theoretical Framework
Since Dewey (1938), numerous learning theorists have argued for the importance of providing education that involves students in
authentic or real-world experiences in which they engage in dialogue, take action, and reflect on possible outcomes (Kolb 1984; Rogers 1969).
Situated Virtual Cognition
Simulations allow for situational learning in a context that focuses on the action of learners choices.
Andy’s
Term
Great quote…
“I must create exercises that invite students to probe the unknown, as well as exercises that reveal what they have learned.”
~Parker J. Palmer, The Courage to Teach, 1998, p.133
More theory…
Prior to Palmer, there was Dewey (1938), and other learning theorists (e.g. Kolb 1984; Rogers 1969) who have argued for the importance of
providing education that involves
students in authentic or real-world experiences in which they are actively involved in their learning, and reflect on possible outcomes.
Simulation Research
A recent study (Steadman, Coates, Huang, Matevosian, Larmon, McCullough, Ariel, 2006) with fourth-year medical students, found that simulation-based learning was superior to problem-based learning for the acquisition of critical assessment and management skills.
How?
• Creating a Captivate Movie (text/static visual)
Adobe Captivate©
Adobe Captivate software enables anyone to rapidly create powerful and engaging simulations, software demonstrations, and scenario-based training without programming knowledge or multimedia skills.
Audio Interface
Student Examples
• How to Register at UAA
• Alaska Trees
Examples
• Lecture in Sim Life:
• Sim Teach: http://www.simteach.com/
• Knowville in Second Life
http://youtube.com/watch?v=2NjMLip41so
• Demonstrations• Printable Manual• Cross-Platform• Self-paced
STEP 1: Operating a MacintoshSTEP 2: Using EmailSTEP 3: Using the InternetSTEP 4: Word ProcessingSTEP 5: Simple Web PagesSTEP 6: SpreadsheetsSTEP 7: PowerpointSTEP 8: Graphics
Resources
• Hertel, John P. and Barbara J. Millis. 2002. Using Simulations to Promote Learning in Higher Education: An Introduction. Sterling, VA: Stylus.
• Aldrich, C. (2003) Simulations and the Future of Learning: An Innovative (and Perhaps Revolutionary) Approach to e-Learning San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. 304 pages
• The Future of Online Teaching. http://connect.educause.edu/library/abstract/TheFutureofOnlineTea/40000?time=1194326330
Contact info:
G. Andrew Page, Ph.D
Assistant Professor
University of Alaska Anchorage
[email protected]• SecondLife Handle:
Eclectic Kohime• SKYPE Handle:
gapman1
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