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SSE Live Case Day contribution. STEEP and network analyses on higher education in virtual worlds. Outlook into the year 2014 and different world regions.
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04/13/2023 Stockholm School of Economics - Media Management 2011 1
Higher Educationin Virtual Worlds
STEEP and Network Analysis
Group 1bNadine Nordland, Sven Ahrens,
Anton Israelsson, Fredrik Kihlberg
04/13/2023 Stockholm School of Economics - Media Management 2011 2
2-in-1: Agenda and executive summary0
1 STEEP analysis 2 Network analysis 3 Outlook: 2014
S
E
E
P
T ?
• Technological factors as main bottleneck
• Social acceptance growing• Political forces drive
technology
• Networks as a powerful tool to drive innovation
• Loose ties in open source development
• No growth in Africa and South America
• Europe and USA as innovators
• Asia with huge uncertainty
04/13/2023 Stockholm School of Economics - Media Management 2011 3
STEEP – People get used to electronic media1
• 250m 2bn users
• Social media
• Kids grow up online
Now Future
• Close to 100% coverage
• Virtual worlds next
• Next generation’s decision makers
Sources: http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa4041/is_200907/ai_n32128814/pg_7/?tag=content;col1 http://www.etableringutomlands.se/Bazment/3886.aspx
04/13/2023 Stockholm School of Economics - Media Management 2011 4
STEEP – Huge discrepancies throughout the world1
• Weak economic climate in Europe and the USA pushes cost-efficient solutions
• Increased number of Chinese students calls for improvements in productivity
Sources: Unesco Institute of Statistics 2010, United Nations Statistics Division 2010
Enrollment in higher education GDP growth per capita
04/13/2023 Stockholm School of Economics - Media Management 2011 5
STEEP – Environmental concerns of secondary nature1
• 1 Google search = 1 kettle of water
• Fossil fuel limited
• Developing nations’ govern-ments reluctant
Now Future
• Watch CO2 foot-print
• Environmental friendly energy
• Uncertainty regar-ding their position
Sources: http://www.v3.co.uk/vnunet/news/2233765/google-debunks-search-energy http://gamerlimit.com/2009/04/the-environmental-sustainability-of-the-games-industry/
04/13/2023 Stockholm School of Economics - Media Management 2011 6
STEEP – Political forces are a major technology driver1
• Internet censorship and supervision• Huge issue in Burma, China, Cuba, Egypt, etc.
• Governmental investments in R&D vary greatly
Sources: Reporters Without Borders 2010
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 -
200,000,000.00
400,000,000.00
600,000,000.00
800,000,000.00
1,000,000,000.00
1,200,000,000.00
EuropeUSAChina
04/13/2023 Stockholm School of Economics - Media Management 2011 7
STEEP – Technology is the main bottleneck1
Software• Multiple platforms• Not user-friendly
Hardware• Computers not
good enough• Lack of bandwidth
Now Future
• Universal solution?• New interfaces?
• Better computers?
• 4G, mobile internet
Sources: Expert interview with Jeroen van Veen http://internetworldstats.com/stats.htm
04/13/2023 Stockholm School of Economics - Media Management 2011 8
Strong networks will foster HEiVW growth2
• External innovation becomes more important• More power and resources• Users become producers / open source trend• Time savings• Trust and fairness result in better outcomes
Sources: Cova & Cova 2002, Chan & Mauborgne 1997
04/13/2023 Stockholm School of Economics - Media Management 2011 9
S
T
E
E
P
Governments
Companies
Educational Institutions
Today: Fragmented landscape with loose ties2
Developers
Open source Closed source
04/13/2023 Stockholm School of Economics - Media Management 2011 10
Overcome six barriers to find the right peers…2
1
2
3
4
5
6
Geographical
Technological
Institutional
Ideological
Demographic
Ethnic
?
Sources: Birkinshaw 2007
04/13/2023 Stockholm School of Economics - Media Management 2011 11
…and four approaches to build your network2
low Difficulty to find partners high
Building relationships with unusual partners
Moving into uncharted territory
Create new networks in proximate areas
Seeking out new networks in distant areas
Low
Diffi
culty
of f
orm
ing
hig
h
Sources: Birkinshaw 2007
04/13/2023 Stockholm School of Economics - Media Management 2011 12
Higher education in virtual worlds – An outlook…3
• Home schooling trends swapping over • High school/Universities as pioneers• Entrepreneurship as innovation driver• Gain momentum through powerful networks
04/13/2023 Stockholm School of Economics - Media Management 2011 13
…split down to the world regions3
Europe
• Reluctance among higher education institutions• Pioneers will
show feasibility
North America South America Africa Asia
• Homeschooling trends• Universities with
podcasts• Bandwidth
issues
• Political leaders promise education for all• Technological
and economic issues
• STEEP forces prohibit any major development
• Political uncertainty• Technological
growth• High demand for
education in remote areas
04/13/2023 Stockholm School of Economics - Media Management 2011 14
BibliographyB
• Expert interviews with Jeroen van Veen, Steve Mahaley, John Fennessy and Erik Wallin
• Birkinshaw, “Finding, Forming, and Performing: Creating networks for discontiuous innovation”, 2007, California Management Review
• Chan & Mauborgne, “Fair process: Managing in the knowledge economy”, 1997, Harvard Business Review
• Chesborough & Appleyard, “Open Innovation and Strategy”, 2007, California Management Review
• Cova & Cova, “Tribal Marketing: tribalisation and its impact on the conduct of marketing”, 2002, European Journal of Marketing
• Limberg & vd Heyden, “Why Fairness Matters”, 2007, ECR Journal
• http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa4041/is_200907/ai_n32128814/pg_7/?tag=content;col1
• http://www.etableringutomlands.se/Bazment/3886.aspx• http://www.v3.co.uk/vnunet/news/2233765/google-debunks-search-
energy• http://gamerlimit.com/2009/04/the-environmental-sustainability-of-
the-games-industry/• http://internetworldstats.com/stats.htm
• Reporters Without Borders Annual Report 2010• Unesco Institute of Statistics 2010• United Nations Statistics Division 2010
04/13/2023 Stockholm School of Economics - Media Management 2011 15
Backup – Internet users worldwideBU
04/13/2023 Stockholm School of Economics - Media Management 2011 16
Backup – Internet penetration worldwideBU
04/13/2023 Stockholm School of Economics - Media Management 2011 17
Backup – Facebook Index RatesBU
04/13/2023 Stockholm School of Economics - Media Management 2011 18
Backup – Facebook penetration ratesBU
04/13/2023 Stockholm School of Economics - Media Management 2011 19
Backup – Fair Process CycleBU
See, engage, limit
Examine and check options
Decide, explain and formulate expectations
Execute
Evaluate, learn and adapt
CommunicationClearness
ConsistencyChangeability
Culture
Sources: Limberg & vd Heyden, “Why Fairness Matters”, 2007, ECR Journal
04/13/2023 Stockholm School of Economics - Media Management 2011 20
Backup – Performance comparisonBU
Sources: Chan & Mauborgne 1997