Southern ColoniesChapter 4Section 3

Mrs. Barnette 2012http://www.uni.edu/cutter/maps.htm

Mason-Dixon LineBoundary line

between PA and MD

Separated Middle and Southern Colonies

Named after two surveyors who marked the 400 mile boundary

Maryland

Founded by Lord Baltimore, the son of Sir George Calvert, a Roman Catholic who lived in Protestant England.

Charter granted in 1632

Settled in 1634Baltimore gave

large land grants to people with many servants and family members

MarylandChesapeake Bay

area good for fish, crabs, oysters

Had a government assembly

Allowed Protestants, as well as Catholics

ACT OF TOLERATION-1649 allowed freedom of religion only for all Christians

VirginiaBegan with

Jamestown 1607Tobacco was major

cropWestward movement

was causing problems with Natives along the frontier

Colonists asked for help, but got none

Bacon’s Rebellion followed

BACON’S REBELLION-1676 Nathaniel Bacon, a

planter, led raids against Indians, regardless of whether they were friendly or not

led followers to burn Jamestown, the capital

Bacon died; rebellion fell apart

23 of his followers hangedEnglish settlers would

continue to move onto frontier

http://www.nps.gov/jame/historyculture/bacons-rebellion.htm

Carolinas1663- 8 English nobles

received a grant from King Charles I1712 North Carolina

formed-mostly poor farmers drifting down from VA

1719 South Carolina formed- mostly wealthy planters Charlestown(Charleston)

became major city- Settlers from Barbados; later were Germans, Swiss. French Protestants, and Spanish Jews

Rice and Indigo major crops Enslaved Indians, then

Africans African slaves outnumbered

white settlers by early 1700’s

Georgia James Oglethorpe

founded in 1732 as a place where debtors could start over.Started with

smaller farms and no slavery

After plantations and slavery allowed, colony grew quickly.

Tidewater v. Backcountry Life

Tidewater

Large plantations developed along the coast and the rivers and creeks of the coastal plain.

Major crops were tobacco and rice.Slave labor was used (20-100 on

average). Africans brought farming skills and the ability to make things out of gourds and palmetto leaves.

Shipping ports developed into large cities like Charleston and Savannah.

BackcountryThis was west of the

Tidewater area.The Great Wagon Road

took settlers to the base of the Appalachians.

People treated each other equally

There were small farms, not plantations.

They were self-sufficient farms, with very few slaves, growing food crops and hunting,.

Life was harder, simpler, and more closely knit.