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SOLAR POWER

Solar power ppt

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Page 1: Solar power ppt

SOLAR POWER

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• The energy from the sun is radiated out in all directions as light.

• Much of the energy striking the earth is reflected back into space by the atmosphere, but a staggering 90,000 TW of power arrives at the earth’s surface, 6,000 times more power than the entire human race uses.

• solar power is the conversion of sunlight into electricity, either directly using photovoltaic (PV), or indirectly using concentrated solar power (CSP).

• Concentrated solar power systems use lenses or mirrors and tracking systems to focus a large area of sunlight into a small beam.

• Photovoltaic converts light into electric current using the photoelectric effect.

INTRODUCTION TO SOLAR POWER

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ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

Advantages

• All chemical and radioactive polluting byproducts of the thermonuclear reactions remain behind on the sun, while only pure radiant energy reaches the Earth.

• Energy reaching the earth is incredible. By one calculation, 30 days of sunshine striking the Earth have the energy equivalent of the total of all the planet’s fossil fuels, both used and unused!

Disadvantages

• Sun does not shine consistently.

• Solar energy is a diffuse source. To harness it, we must concentrate it into an amount and form that we can use, such as heat and electricity.

• Addressed by approaching the problem through:

• 1) collection, 2) conversion, 3) storage.

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1.Unlike other forms it is the cleanest energy and eco-friendly.

2.No harmful gases and fumes.

3.Running cost and maintenance is very less.

4.Most of the renewable energy is ultimately “Solar energy” that is directly collected from sun light. Energy is released by the Sun as electromagnetic waves.

5.The energy reaching earth’s atmosphere consists of about  8%Uvradiation, 46%visiblelight,46% infrared radiations

Benefits solar energy than conventional energy

Conventional :1.Energy that has been used from ancient times is known as conventional energy. 2.Coal, natural gas, oil, and firewood are examples of conventional energy sources. (or usual) sources of energy (electricity) are coal, oil, wood, peat, uranium.

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HOW MUCH SOLAR ENERGY?

The surface receives about 47% of the total solar energy that reaches the Earth. Only this amount is usable.

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SOLAR CELL History: A solar cell is any device that

directly converts the energy in light into electrical energy through the process of photovoltaic.

The development of solar cell technology begins with the 1839 research of French physicist Antoine-César Becquerel.

Becquerel observed the photovoltaic effect while experimenting with a solid electrode in an electrolyte solution when he saw a voltage develop when light fell upon the electrode.

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A solar cell (also called photovoltaic cell or photoelectric cell) is a solid state device that converts the energy of sunlight directly into electricity by the photovoltaic effect. Assemblies of cells are used to make solar modules, also known as solar panels.

Photovoltaics (PV) literally means "light-electricity," and is the process of converting sunlight into electricity. The term "photo" comes from the Greek word "phos" or light, and "volt" was derived from Volta (1745-1827), a pioneer in the study of electricity.

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When some materials are exposed to sunlight,

they release small amounts of electricity giving off what is known as the "photovoltaic effect.

" Sunlight is composed of photons, or particles of solar energy that contain various amounts of energy corresponding to the different wavelengths of the solar spectrum.

When photons strike a PV cell, the energy of the photon is transferred to an electron in a cell's atom.

The cell is made of a semiconductor material. With its newfound energy, the electron

escapes from its normal position on the atom and becomes part of the current in an electrical circuit.

Working

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O When this happens, the electron creates a "hole." Special electrical properties of the PV cell, specifically a built-in electric field, provide voltage that drives the current through an external load, such as a light bulb, a hairdryer or a television set.

O Photovoltaic modules are the basic building blocks of solar electric power systems. PV modules can be made from several different materials, which vary in cost and conversion efficiency. Modules are combined to create panels. Panels are combined to form arrays.

O Solar electric power systems may also have batteries, charge controllers, and inverters, which convert the direct current generated by PV system into an alternating current, the type of electricity sold by utilities and required to run most appliances and electronic devices.

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Photovoltaic modules are the basic building blocks of solar electric

power systems. PV modules can be made from several different

materials, which vary in cost and conversion

efficiency.

Solar electric power systems may also have

batteries, charge controllers, and inverters, which

convert the direct current generated by

PV system into an alternating current, the type of electricity sold

by utilities and required to run most

appliances and electronic devices.

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SOLAR CELL OPERATION

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TYPES OF SOLAR CELLS Tandem solar

cell silicon solar cell

  Monocrystalline

solar cell   Nano crystal

solar cell   plasmonic solar

cell   Thin film solar

cell

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SOLAR CELL TECHNOLOGY• There are mainly three types of solar

technology's1.monocrystalline2.Polycrystalline3.Amorphous• Crystalline cells are wired in series to produce

solar panels.  As each cell produces a voltage of between 0.5 and 0.6 Volts, 36 cells are needed to produce an open-circuit voltage of about 20 Volts.  This is sufficient to charge a 12 Volt battery under most conditions.

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Monocrystalline Polycrystalline Amorphous

1.Made from single large crystal

Made from many small crystals

Made from small solar panels

2.Most efficient Less efficient Most efficient

3.Most expensive Less expensive Most expensive than monocrystalline.

4.Better in low light condition

Better in low light condition

Its not better than other

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