Software Application Report

TAYLOR’S UNIVERSITY | BQS

SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING & DESIGN

BACHELOR OF QUANTITY SURVEYING(HONOURS)

CSC60603 SOFTWARE APPLICATION FOR QUANTITY SURVEYING

GROUP ASSIGNMENT : REPORT

GROUP MEMBERS:

NO. NAME STUDENT ID

1 KONG YE XIANG 0323886

2 LAU MAO HUA 0320249

3 LEE JIA NIAN 0319957

4 LEE KAILYN 0320273

5 LEE SHZE HWA 0320053

6 LEE ZHI CHEN 0326181

7 LIEW POH KA 0320424

LECTURER: YEAP SOON KIAT

SUBMISSION DATE: 5 MAY 2017

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TABLE OF CONTENT

No Content Page Number

Table of Content 2

1 Introduction 3

2 Compare the functions and limitation of BIM QS computer

software:-

a) Glodon

b) Buildsoft

c) Vico

d) Cost X

e) Summary and recommendation

4-6

6-8

8-11

11-13

14

3 Compare benefit and constraints of Building Information

Modelling(BIM), CAD measurement and manual measurements:-

a) Preparation stage

b) Design stage

c) Pre-construction stage

d) Construction stage

e) Post construction/ other stage

15-16

17-19

19-20

20-22

22-23

4 References 24-25

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1. INTRODUCTION

The future construction industry is digital, BIM technology is the star player recently as

technology evolves. It’s being a new approach to quantity surveyors and we will be left out if we are still

working on our traditional way of costing and doing Bill of Quantities. Why BIM? As we know BIM

stands for Building Information Modelling, which means it creates a digital building information model

describing the physical and functional information of the building. BIM is mainly created to improve

time, quality and cost. This is because BIM data have every information to illustrate the whole building

life cycle like integrating the design in different aspects. So, all team members will be visualizing,

analysing and communicating to get information of the building, thus collaborating people, process and

technology and the same time. Besides, there are various types of BIM dimensions like 3D (object

model), 4D (time), 5D (cost), 6D (operation), 7D (sustainability), and even 8D (safety).

As BIM is getting more developed, the responsibilities of professional quantity surveyor is

shifting to utilize the benefits of BIM. Generally there are different BIM software with different functions

ranging from software for modelling, project management to cloud-based BIM, quantities take-off and

costing. 2D drawings or 3D drawings BIM design could be opened by these software for viewing and

quantity extraction. By that, it will save a lot of time, reduce mistakes and maximise the profit of quantity

surveyor as drawings could be visualized in different aspects. Common benefits for quantity surveyor

using BIM will be accurate quantities, reduce human errors, enhance communication and improve cost

database management.

For Part A of this report, we did research about the four types of common BIM QS computer

software in the market such as Cubicost, CostX, Buildsoft Cubit and Vico Software. Besides, we had

compared their functions and limitations in this report. Not only that, we did compare the benefits and

constraints of BIM, CAD measurement and Manual measurement during different stages for Part B of

this report.

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2. Compare the functions and limitation of BIM QS computer software. A) Glodon

Glodon TAS

Glodon takeoff for structure and architecture are also known as TAS. TAS is one of the QTO or suite

from the GLODON BIM software. It is a measurement tool to calculate quantities quickly and efficiently

with the consideration and guaranteed of calculation rules, which is the principle of measurement

especially in the aspect of quantity surveying in construction field. TAS is a quantity takes off tool that

utilizes a 3D environment to show a real-time 3D visualization effect together with quantities.

This table show the basic way of using Glodon TAS. Glodon TAS enables software programmes of

editing BIM drawing or model to support the direct import from PDF or DWG files in order to build 3D

model efficiently. It only required to key in the number and size of the quantity takes off based on the

model. It can visualize or adjusting the model information for variation calculation. Glodon TAS is a

software which can allow the user to carry out few measurement calculation work, the main elements

are structural element, architecture element, finishing work including internal and as well as work

below lowest floor level.

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Features Glodon takeoff for rebar (TRB)

TRB is a suite for quantity calculation software based on BIM technology for rebar. It supports model

from Glodon which can insert with 3D effect measurement and local calculation rules. It can analyze

Bills of Quantities (BQ) then embedded and extracted the rebar quantities to generates 3D model in

Glodon quickly and efficiently. Insert the given data from BQ to Glodon will help improving the efficiency

of generating tender and minimal the careless mistake in real-time.

Glodon tender series for Bill of Quantities (TBQ)

TBQ is the new and improved software, which is more efficient and effective cost estimating software.

This innovative software can identify paper BQ which can automatically link summary pages with BQ

item to produce e-tender correctly.

MagiCAD

MagiCAD can do for different country specific standard and enables MEP which offer localisation

design apply over 1,000,000 intelligent 3D products model from majority of international manufacturers.

As long as the technical data from BQ insert correctly the product will be accurate dimension model.

After adding MagiCAD’s clever automatic capabilities to Revit or AutoCAD users will make the MEP

design faster, efficiently and more productive.

Glodon takeoff of mechanical and electrical (TME)

TME is a BIM software which based on quantity for MEP, it provides multiple quantity surveying mode

by importing CAD drawing. The input drawing can complete quantity surveying as well as applying

different system position and function of MEP devices to auto converting PDF drawing to 3D model. It

needs manual statistic low efficient than others software might cause problems in bidding tender.

Function

● Professional management tool

Glodon BIM provides professional tool such as change management which providing accurate

information for decision making. The cost is reduced, it has shorten the construction period and

improving quality.

● Quick modeling & BIM-based quantity takeoff

Glodon allow direct editing from BIM models and support the import of IFC, DWG and PDF

drawing to erect 3D model efficiently. One click to complete quantity takeoff based on the

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model. Quantity Surveyor will be able to deal with variation easily by only adjusting the model

information and carry out the calculation again.

● The ideal data interface, accurate model data

Glodon BIM is using the international standard format IFC, it also emerges with Chinese format

GFC. It can transform from 2D into 3D model rapidly.

● Project management for 5D BIM

In 5D BIM, it is based on project management which can visually control schedule contract and

cost with multiple-coordination. Extra function which can support web and mobile to inquire 5D

information any time and anywhere.

● Takeoff products with high market share

Glodon BIM are made to merge with its nation-wide takeoff software, which is the core source

for BIM application data.

Limitations

Glodon is quite expensive for a company who wishes to require all the product of BIM that fulfill the full

process of construction design to its operation which cover all feature management. Besides that,

Glodon’s maintenance and operation update fee need to pay by the user in order to get the software

up-to-date when new features was leased. Therefore, the extensive price is the biggest limitation

compare to others software limitation.

B) Buildsoft

Buildsoft is the estimating software for the building and construction industry. It is also a software

program for commercial use in the building and construction industry. It is able to produce a complete

Bill of Quantities (BQ) which taken advantage by commercial building contractors and quantity

surveyors. Buildsoft is specialized in on-screen takeoff system directly linked to estimating. Besides, it

allows users to validate and cross-reference the estimating and takeoff at any stages.

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Buildsoft do works with CAD and created an equal takes off from rasterized PDF when a plan is traced

over with vertex snapping or advanced drawing tools. Taking-off tools can be bedded into as many

estimates as needed. System is drag and drop abilities that refresh a new estimate when there are any

changes in the drawing.

Function ● Update estimation efficiently

Collect pricing information and save in template price list to control the prices jobs, ensuring

accuracy and maximizing profitability over the company. Any of updates in further, template

price list and jobs is able to push into estimates so information is the latest.

● One seamless process

Specialized estimating system with flexible functionality which integrates take off with estimating

make users work the way they think.

● Zero errors

Pinpoint accurate takeoff from any angle in 3D drawing no matter how complex is the drawing

by tracing directly over-imported plans. Without second doubt of their own skill, work can be

easily done in fast and accurate.

● Greater control, insights and analysis

It is handy if jobs are grouped together and make more visibility. Codes the estimating allows

users to differentiate formats and giving a quick or breakdown a job by costing code or material.

● Easily view and edit plan

Clearly differences occur when takeoff already done and save countless hours. This may be

avoiding the overlapping taking off in the same phase. It allows editing plans as part of the

revision process.

Limitations ● High utility bills

Buildsoft is latest software which also requires the latest internet connection and huge

installation fee. Facility fee is also involved although does not involve in the software, but must

exist such as photocopying, mailing, faxing, etc.

● Typing errors

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Buildsoft does not detect typing errors like computer. It has to depend on personnel to check the

errors especially in BQ (Bill of Quantities) which will take more time and focus to type into the

computer.

● Virus attack Existing of Buildsoft must equiped with antivirus due to attacking of the virus to the computer

system will also affect the contents. Data might be lost and may not be able to recovered by any

means.

C) Vico

Vico Software is one of the BIM Quantity Survey software in the market. Most of the software in the

market provide software and services to the building construction industry included Vico Software. This

software is mainly used by building owners, contractors and managers to optimize schedules and

reduce risk on complicated building projects and help to manage cost. Vico’s 5D Virtual Construction

solution pioneered the category of BIM for Construction and they remain the industry’s most integrated

approach to production control, cost estimation, coordination, project scheduling and quantity takeoff.

Functions ● 3D BIM for Clash Detection

Vico Constructability Manager in Vico Office is used to detect clash appeared in a project.

Traditional clash detection cycles are always used by the contractor until Vico Constructability

Manager is proposed to them as a new solution to detect clashes. Hence, clash detection can

define common and complicated comparison, save them and re-run them when there is an

availability of new model versions. They can investigate the clashes with a split screen in a

spreadsheet-like list, turn the model into translucent and highlighting the clashes. However, it

can prepare a Constructability Analysis Report for the team to share them for resolution and

discussion so that they can identify the issues during planning stage before the project starts.

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● 3D BIM for Layout

Vico Layout Manager is used to plot out the critical points in the models and transfer the data to

Trimble gear. It allows us to add an accurate Layout Point by using Vico Layout Manager so that

we do not need the original BIM file. Furthermore, it allows exporting the Layout Points to the

field device from the model and marking the points directly with Trimble gear. Also, it validates

the actual point against the originals in Vico Office.

● 3D BIM for Quantity Takeoff

To do quantity takeoff, Vico Takeoff

Manager can be used for a project to

generate an accurate model. 3D model

content can be scanned by a unique

geometry analysis algorithm and it will

create the takeoff items automatically.

However, Vico Takeoff Manager

provides an intuitive and easy-to-use

interface to refine automatic takeoff

process. The ability to view the takeoff

gives feedback and confidence that no

quantities will be missed. Meanwhile,

takeoff data by location is automatically be available in the Vico Cost Planner and Schedule Planner

modules which no need to import and export data. Whenever changes occur, quantities will be updated

automatically after published. Therefore, the cost planning and schedules are always accurate.

● 4D BIM for Scheduling and Production Control

Vico Schedule Planner is used for scheduling which allow integrating model-based quantity

takeoff information with resource quantities and projecting location to create optimized

schedule. With this software, the team members can design the schedule without increasing

risk. However, it allows planners to deliver their project faster and carefully manage risk at the

same time through increased productivity, predictability and transparency. However, it also

allows the generation of 4D project simulations in 4D Manager who illustrate the correlations

between construction, cost and schedule.

Other than that, Vico LBS Manager is used which defined as location for location-based

quantities, schedules and cost plan. Locations hold the key to a better organized project, both in

pre-construction and on-site. LBS Manager means zones, floors and optimized location systems

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per trade. The labour, material and equipment amounts are calculated by using quantities per

location and subsequently for determining number of work hours per location. LBS Manager

also can change locations without going back to authoring BIM application. The quantities that

recalculated at the end of the editing process can be analysed and optimized the phasing and

zoning of the project to get the best schedule.

● 5D BIM for Estimating

Estimators are able to estimate cost

and control the project’s budget by

using Vico Cost Explorer. Vico Cost

Explorer allows us to communicate,

compare and track the cost. It

provides feedback about the status of

the project, communication and

understanding of cost changes. Vico

Cost Explorer’s unique graphic

interface is based on a color-coded,

macro-level tree view of project costs.

The tree structure view clearly

visualizes the cost breakdown of a project budget by presenting cost categories as nodes in a tree. The

cost breakdown can be based on industry standard classification structure or other structures by the

user. In the graphic, some colours will be shown which are red, yellow, green and blue. These colours

are represented to over budget, within range, on budget and suspiciously low respectively.

Other than Vico Cost Explorer, Vico

Cost Planner is also helped in doing

estimating. It is the cost estimation,

calculation and value engineering

module. Vico Takeoff Manager is also

being included to provide an accurate

estimate in short time. Vico Cost

Planner introduces an innovative

n-tiered 3D spreadsheet; a unique

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graphic scheme which emphasizes the hierarchical structure of the cost estimate. Cost Planner also

includes a Library Manager, which allows using the data and storing a collection of standards and

reusable estimating content.

Limitations By using Vico Software, only one model file can be operated at one time. This is because it will take

longer time to complete the whole project. Hence, it will cause the company couldn’t accept more job

and earn money lesser.

D) CostX

Recently, the construction industry has started with the electronic information in project. With the

advancement of development of IT, IT had provided big impact towards the development of technology

in construction firms with the improvement of releasing various software had helped the Quantity

Surveyors (QS) who used traditional methods in the preparation of measurement, taking-off, Bills of

Quantities (BQ) and more. CostX is a construction estimating program with an off-screen takeoff

system for professional Quantity Surveyor. It was first released by Exactal in July 2004. CostX is a

3D/BIM and 2D estimating solution that allows users to manage workbooks, subcontractor comparison,

with paperless estimating, auto-revisioning, network capabilities and more. It enables the users to

increase their productive output by using this software. Besides that, there are various types of CostX

software released by Exactal such as CostXL, CostX Take Off, CostX Take Off 2D, CostX viewer and

CostX Education. Each of the products has its own function and features.

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Functions ● 2D Take off

By using CostX software, it can quickly and accurately measure from scanned PDF, CAD

drawings or 3D models/BIM without running CAD program. Besides that, it also supports various

drawing file such as SKP, SWG, DGN and IFC.

● 3D Take-off /BIM Models

By using 3D taking off, it enables user to have a clearer visualization of 3D drawings as well as

giving them a better understanding of the drawing so that they can have a general idea of the

building before building. This allows the QS to have a more accurately estimate quantities and

costs compared to traditional measurement method. The database information from 3D model

view and 2D plans, sections and elevations can be utilize by QS to initiate quantities

mechanically and improve on the database quantities with additional measurement of 2D or 3D

drawing sheets.

● Auto revisioning

One of the unique function of Cost X is auto-revisioning. It compares the measurement that

have been extracted from previous drawings to the similar drawing objects in the new drawing

issue and display them for adjustment and acceptance by users. In auto- revisioning, we can

not only see the difference between drawings, it will create an audit trail likewise revises the

previous quantities and workbook and it will also automatically update the latest quantities as

well.

● Sub-contractor comparison

CostX can generate subcontractor comparison workbook by comparing the subcontractor

quotation details. The users can link the report and quotation detail of every contractor by using

subcontractor comparison system. This allows the Quantity Surveyor to make comparison for

the rates and sum cost and quality of each element during the tender period. Therefore, the best

subcontractor will be chosen and awarded to involved in the project.

● Workbook live-link to drawings

In CostX software, cost plans, estimations, tenders and bill by the users by using spreadsheet

based workshop where it live-link to drawings. It allows the user to prepare the BQ while doing

the measurement. All the data can be transferred from the measurement to the BQ workbook to

reduce error and improve accuracy. By using this software, it helps the Quantity Surveying to

control all the data information in a more convenient way compared to the traditional method.

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● Paperless estimating

Paperless estimating allows the users to view all the report and receive the drawing without

printing any paper. It also enables the users to scan the drawings into the CostX software and

able to view all the measurement in the software. It provides an easy to use format for the users

to share all their project information to the client.

● Network capability

Network capability allows multiple users to work on the same project at the same time. This may

help increase the productivity output by shortening the time to complete a project. In addition, all

the users can make changes and updating the latest data in the software without printing any

papers.

Limitations

● Additional costs for add-ons.

Users will have to pay more if they wish to have to other functions that are not provided, unless

they purchase CostX. It requires the users to pay extra for the add on product if they are

required to extend the capability of BIM tool.

● Experienced users is needed

After purchasing and installing the CostX software, the company needs to pay extra for hiring

professional to have training lesson for their workers on how to control and increase their

knowledge about the software when the company is still practicing the traditional method.

Therefore, experience users will be needed to fully utilize this software. In-order to let the

software runs fast and smoothly, maintenance is required. Here is another cost that will be

paying by the company.

● Limitation in measurement

After using CostX software, I noticed that there is some restriction in measurement. For

example, the main reinforcement bar of the beam and column could not be detected by using

this software. Besides that, the users will have to measure the length of the fabric reinforcement

of the whole beam or column and assuming it as a reinforcement bar due to the bents for mesh

fabric reinforcement bars (BRC) could not be detected and measured in the drawing as well.

This might affect the accuracy of the measurement. Moreover, CostX cannot show the exact

location of the window in 3D view this is because all the windows are illustrated at the bottom of

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the ground. This might affect the accuracy of the cost when the contractor does not know the

exact height of the windows.

Summary and recommendation

Table of summary Currently, there have many BIM QS compute software emerging in the industry. We have study,

analyse, compare and discuss the function and limitation of the selected four BIM QS computer

software which are Glodon, Buildsoft, VIco and CostX. After the final discussion, we have decided to

choose Glodon as our best recommend BIM QS computer software.

The reason that we recommended Glodon is because Glodon is the professional management tool

providing an accurate data and information which allow us to make a best decision. With this

professional management tool, we able to save cost, time and improve the quality of our construction

project. Furthermore, the quick modelling and BIM-based quantity takeoff of Glodon have allow QS to

cope with the various changes of design and come out with the quantity takeoff quickly by just adjusting

the model information. In addition, Glodon is a nation-wide takeoff software which means it have a high

market share in the industry. With this advantage of Glodon, we able to improve our collaboration with

other QS which used Glodon also.

Conclusion, the reasons discusses above have make us chosen Glodon as our best recommend

BIM computer software. Every software has their own benefit and limitations so we should choose the

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most suitable software depends on our needs.

3. Compare benefit and constraints of Building Information Modelling(BIM),

CAD measurement and manual measurements:- A) Preparation/ Design Stage

i) BIM

Benefits

1. Improve visualisation- By utilise the BIM software, a 3D model is constructed to present the

design of the building that intend to build. It provides a better visualisation and understanding to

the client on the building proposal when compared to 2D drawings. Hence, it able to ensure that

the building proposals are precisely reach the requirements of the client.

2. Feasibility Study- With the help of BIM, the building performance of different design option can

be evaluated with lesser time consuming.

3. Better understanding of the site analysis- Nowadays, the advanced mapping tools has

accurately capture the reality of the site which allow the aerial imagery and digital elevation of

the site. By using BIM, all the member of design team can easily access the site information

such as the existing infrastructure, shape and location of the site with aerial imagery and digital

elevation of the site. It helps the design team understand more about the site.

Constraints

1. High investment cost in BIM software - Although BIM bring abundance of benefit to the

construction process, but not all construction company are using BIM due to the high investment

cost of BIM. Some company cannot afford to purchase a BIM software as they do not have

enough financial support.

2. Lack of standardization- Implementation of BIM will give a significant change to the operation

way of business at every building process. Therefore, it is important to have a standardization

on the definition of BIM and provide implementation strategy to every construction company to

ensure the correct and consistent performance.

ii) CAD

Benefits

1. Accurate valuations – CAD system could produce accurate scaled drawings. Quantity surveyor

could eliminate error in quantities and calculate accurately based on its correct scale of the

drawings. Besides, the analysis will be more in depth as it provides few variation of alternative

design with high precision.

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2. Sharp visualization – By using CAD system, drawings can be created in different models and

present to the clients on different point of view to prevent misunderstandings and ensure they

satisfy on the final product. The size and determination can be easily adjust from the electronic

drawings too.

3. Provide storage and database – When the list of materials, specification and other main

information is available and confirmed, the database could be formed and stored on a single

disk.

Constraints

1. High expenses – CAD software is normally costly and required regular upgrades which incurred

additional cost to the software.There is still free CAD software such as QCAD, but for the

common and main usage such as AutoCAD have to be paid by the clients. Because it may

require additional services and maintenance by the organization to do some updates according

the client’s need.

2. No backup system – CAD software could be as a storage for data based, but it does not have

the autosave system. Clients have to constantly save their work manually to ensure the data is

secured and saved.

3. Training needed – CAD software may be a new thing to some of the experienced quantity

surveyor. Thus, training is required to allow them to master and understand the software and

function it properly especially when there is new installations or updates, because setbacks will

be hard to overcome.

iii) Manual Measurement

Benefit

1. Cost effective- It only require printing cost of the paperwork whereas for BIM measurement and

CAD measurement require initial software cost which cost more than thousands ringgit. Manual

measurement such as Microsoft Office Excel can be easily mastered by everyone which does

not incurred high training cost as compare to BIM measurement and CAD measurement for

attending workshops.

Constraints

1. Time consuming in document preparation- Document preparation for labour output is lower than

software output and hence it’s time consuming process to prepare documents manually.

2. Unable to produce cost plan- Quantity Surveyor required to give advice on budgeting for that

particular project by referring cost plan. It will be easy for experienced quantity surveyor to give

advice based on their past experience with similar project without cost plan. However, it will be a

problem for fresh graduate quantity surveyors who are lack of experience in similar project

without the help of cost plan.

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B) Design stage

i) BIM

Benefits

1. Better representation and visualization of architect’s design - The demand of produce different

views of a building in 2D can be reduce with the application of BIM. The design of the building

will convert to 3D model in the BIM software which enable to rotate and view in all direction. This

will visualize the design of the building and allow the design team to insert all the building

information to the 3D model clearly and correctly.

2. Resolve conflict- BIM can help to discover the design errors in the early stage of the design and

reduce the probability of extensive redesign by automating the clash detection of elements. For

example, BIM can discover the clash in electrical conduit that run into a beam in early stage of

design, therefore it shortens the time required for building design and reduce costs of resolving

the clash.

3. Reduce the usage of material - BIM which provides visualization of the building with all the

components and systems and consists all the information of the building are allow to provide a

better planning and design that takes the best advantage of available space and resources. BIM

systems will monitor the resources and provide a detailed information on the total of materials

required before construction start. Therefore, the order of total materials needed is accurate and

can replenish supplies only when necessary.

4. Increase the efficiency of work- During design stages, the scope of work can be performing

efficiently with BIM. BIM helps to speed up the preparation process, shorten the time for

discussing the complex details and allow to share and exchange of visual information within the

design team. Hence, work can be done efficiently with less time consume.

5. Bills of Quantity- The BIM function of automation of bills of quantities have enhance BIM

technology to be collaborative and integrative. The automation of the bills of quantities have

eliminates the traditional take off methods and able to reduce human error.

Constraints

1. Require high performance computer- BIM software occupies a large space of memory on the

computer and it will affect to the work speed if the computer cannot support the software.

Therefore, higher performance of computer is required and should keep upgrading.

2. Data can be modified- The digital data can be modified by the suppliers and contractor when

they access BIM to do taking -off. Therefore, architect and engineer will convert the digital data

to PDF file to protect their data.

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3. Training to employees- Training is required to all construction member to make sure that they

are understand and enable to operate the BIM software. The construction member may require

to arrange their time in practising the BIM software to make themselves expert with it.

ii) CAD Measurement

Benefits

1. Flexible drawing information – By using CAD software, overlays such as electrical lines or

plumbing lines will be seen as transparent overlays. In this way, it’s easier to check, edit and

display the drawings. Besides that, CAD do have variety of tools creating different text styles,

font format and pattern of shapes.

2. High accuracy – Accurate scale of drawings in 2D or 3D drawings could be drawn by CAD at

1:1 scale.

3. Easier to measure irregular shape – By using CAD, the total area irregular shape could be

measured in a faster way by just tapping the limit of all unpredictable shape.

4. Gain more profit – CAD providing many shortcuts in calculation comparing to manual

calculation, thus the QS firm could pick up more projects and handle additional scope of work.

Constraints

1. ‘Polyline issue’ – CAD software without the ‘polyline’ instrument could only measure the

drawings in length rather than area. Thus, if the drawing is given in polyline, there will be less

usage of CAD.

2. Difficulties to quantify sketches – CAD software couldn’t measure sketches but architects will

mostly come out with sketches during the ‘Design stage’. Thus, it’s a big problem for the users

during design stage.

3. Changes have to be updated manually – Changes will be occur frequently during the design

stage, in CAD changes have to be make manually unlike BIM will be automatically update.

Measurement has to be done again from the start, thus changing in the design stage will be a

disadvantage to use CAD.


Constraints

1. Unable to visualize the design of the project- Users needed to interpret the design of the project

in 2-Dimension view based on the elevation of the drawing instead of 3-Dimension view.

2. Time consuming in measurement- Manual measurement require more time in measurement as

compared to BIM measurement and CAD measurement because of wasting of manpower in

scaling and calculating based on drawing. Any changes in design by the consultant team need

to be forwarded to relevant parties in timely manner. In the event that the updated drawing is not

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received in timely manner, the measurer will be in time constrained situation to prepare

measurement manually and hence create errors. Or in other situation where the updated

drawing is not forwarded to relevant parties, the measurement will be wrong and variations can

be arised.

C) Pre-construction stage

i) BIM

Benefits

1. More accurate estimations- BIM enable the estimator to identify and communicate the

relationships between quantities, costs and locations and it can also help to differentiate the

areas and components of the building that contribute to the total cost of the project. The

estimators can extract the quantities and spaces that required for cost estimating for the project.

Hence, a reliable and accurate cost estimates produced in the early design phrase.

2. Reduce the number of reworks- Since BIM enable to generate the 3D model of the building, it

allows the effective communication between the client and the project team even if the client

lack of ability to read and understand the drawings. Therefore, the clear and more accuracy of

the understanding to client’s requirements enables the project team to establish the construction

documents with less errors and omissions as potential problem can be identified and solve

before construction start. Thus, the number of rework can be reduced.

3. Constructability analysis- BIM models allow the project team to perform a detailed

constructability analysis for planning the sequence of operations at the construction site.

Constraints

1. Disruptive- BIM can disrupt the general construction process when ordering the materials that

needed a long lead time to deliver from other country. For example, the contractor order a

material that take few weeks to deliver from other country based on the dimensions of the

design. But the dimensions change afterwards and more materials are needed to cope with the

change of design, therefore it may affect to the schedule of work as not enough quantity of the

materials.

ii) CAD Measurement

Benefits

1. Provide convenience – During the pre-construction stage, drawings can be changed without

erasing and redrawing. This is because, drafting methods that use rulers, squares and

compasses is provided by CAD.

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2. Data managing – During this pre-construction stage, QS can easily change the cost estimates

changed by the architect and form a new cost analysis as the data is stored in CAD. These data

are all in a format system including the tendering documents.

3. High accuracy - CAD could allow architect to draw any desired dimension or patterns according

to scale without having any troubles. Thus, parallax error by naked eyes will be avoided. The

accuracy will be increased too because of the ‘zoom’ features of CAD.

Constraints

1. Limitation to prepare BQ – CAD software has been limit to just measure the amounts, thus there

is some difficulties when creating Bill of Quantities. Quantity Surveyor has to transfer the data

manually to other software to prepare BQ.


Benefit

1. Cost effective- Manual measurement does not requires any software application to do taking off

elements. Users only require basic measurement knowledge in measurement and only incurred

printing charges.

2. Clearer image of project.- User is more familiar with the design of the project in interpretate the

drawing. User will develop clearer image or impression when doing taking off manually. But in

bim or cad measurement, the user might not familiar with every elements of the project.

3. Flexibility- Users can do measurement taking off even the software is under downtime. Manual

measurement can be done even if there is shortage of electrical supply or internet interferences

because it doesn’t require any tools in measurement.

Constraints

1. Time consuming- Time consuming process in requesting unclear information from consultant.

Time consuming in manual taking off quantities by using scale ruler and calculator. One

particular project might have numerous drawing which is a time consuming process in taking off

elements manually.

2. Error detection- Unable to detect any conflict or discrepancies of design by using manual

measurement in interpreting drawings.

3. Human errors- Manual taking off workload is high and hence the chances of errors is high. Too

much elements need to take into account by a measurer in manual measurement and hence the

chances of missing element and create errors is high.

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D) Construction stage

i) BIM

Benefits

1. Improve the collaborative among the project team- All the stakeholders in the construction

project are sharing the same and updated information through BIM which means it is more

effectively for the project team to communicate their ideas and actions.

2. Control the cost and save time- BIM technology capable to help in controlling the cost of the

construction within the budget especially to the complex and large construction project.

3. Site Coordination- BIM is useful for the contactors in planning for the site logistics, develop

traffic layouts and identify potential hazards at the site by utilising the 3D or 4D of site

coordination models.

Constraints

1. Incompatibility with partners- Due to the high investment on BIM software, not every

construction company are using BIM in the industry. It is possible that the subcontractors did not

use BIM and do not know how to access and extract the information from the model.

ii) CAD Measurement

Benefits

1. Improves communication – The simple estimation and consistency of the CAD software

provides better communication as the errors and uncertainty will be reduced. Besides, 3D CAD

can create a 3D view of the projects thus giving clear presentation to the project team on what

to be developed and go on next.

2. Standardize technique – CAD is following the industry standards and came out with a

standardized system. The design, drafting and documentation strategies are all standardized.

So, client will not be confused when using CAD.

Constraints

1. Measurements are limited – There are limitations on measurements such as we could only

measure 2D outlines like lengths or areas only based on 2D drawings. But on 3D drawings we

could measure the volume out.

2. Operating expenses on site – CAD usually build robotized costs, increasing the automation

expenses. Thus there is a financial conflict on site when using CAD as the site managers will

want to keep their budget low.

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Benefit

1. Document presentation- Document to be compile securely and consistently. Any progress

payment can be supported by picture in hard copy to facilitate the approval of progress payment

by the client.

Constraints

1. Time consuming- In the event of the variations arises, manual measurements require more time

to get approval and information by submitting paperwork to consultant team. For interim

valuation purposes, quantity surveyors are responsible to conduct site visit for site valuation

which it is a time consuming process to clarify or request on information from contractor team.

2. Cost control- Users are unable to control the cost effectively due to the facts that lack of a

proper cost planning system to detect any cost overflows prior to completion.

E) Post-construction/ others stage

i) BIM

Benefits

1. Facilities Management- After the completion of the project, all the information about the

materials use and the maintenance requirements for the systems in the building are linked to

BIM. Hence, BIM is also useful for the facilities managements of the building. It helps the

maintenance team of the building to have a better understanding of the building’s operations.

2. Simplified the switching from one facility manager to another.- As BIM consists of all the

information of the building, it simplified the switching from the current facility manager to the new

facility manager. BIM creates incentives for the facility manager to perform better.

Constraints

1. Training required to facilities and maintenance team- The employees in facilities and

maintenance team may not have the knowledge and technical skills on operating the BIM

software. Therefore, the owner may require to spend money and provide training for them to

ensure all the facilities and maintenance team able to keep update and maintain the information

on the BIM model.

ii) CAD Measurement

Benefits

1. Extra information – By using CAD, the 3D drawings will show some hidden compartments such

as wirings and some sensitive parts. With this function, maintenance work will be carried out

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easier.

2. Commonly usable – In the construction conditions now, CAD files could be used by most of the

parties who have the free file readers. Besides, many software now could open CAD files too,

so there is no limitations on reading CAD files.

Constraints

1. Limited information – CAD files having limitation on getting the building softscape such as

population density and designated space usage because normal CAD could only get

information about building hardscape. Thus, CAD couldn’t provide enough information for the

changes made in building softscape.


Constraints

1. Time consuming - User will take longer time in preparation of final account when compare to

BIM and CAD measurement. User are required to adjust the contract sum for final account

manually in manual measurement.

2. Problem arises from contractual claims- Collaboration and communication between consultant

and contractor can be achieved by using BIM measurement which can reduces the number of

claims and unnecessary cost for the project. By manual measurement, the quantity surveyor is

unable to identify and resolve contractual claims earlier when compared to BIM measurement.

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4. REFERENCES Azhar, S. (2011, July). Leadership and Management in Engineering. Retrieved May 04, 2017, from http://ascelibrary.org/doi/full/10.1061/(ASCE)LM.1943-5630.0000127 BIM for Quantity Surveying. (n.d.). Retrieved May 04, 2017, from http://bimsg.org/resources/other-software-resources/bim-for-qs/ Brown, K. (n.d.). BIM – Implications for Government . Retrieved May 4, 2017, from http://www.construction-innovation.info/images/pdfs/2004-032-A_BIM_Case_Study_Final_(20081030).pdf Building Information Modelling. (n.d.). Retrieved May 4, 2017, from https://www.infocomm.org/cps/rde/xbcr/infocomm/Brochure_BIM.pdf Exactal. Retrieved May 4 ,2017, from https://www.exactal.com/en/company/about-us/

Impact of BIM on Quantity Surveyors . (n.d.). Retrieved May 4, 2017, from http://puja-brunei.org/pdf/2015/Impact%20of%20BIM%20on%20Quantity%20Surveyors%20-%20Syukri%20&%20Alex.pdf Maple, T. (August 2012). Quantity surveyors & cost planners – How can BIM improve my business? Retrieved from https://revitall.files.wordpress.com/2014/06/o5-bim-for-quantity-surveyors-and-cost-planners-aia-ca.pdf. Mineer, A. D. (n.d.). Pros & Cons of Using a BIM Model for your Next Project. Retrieved May 04, 2017, from https://www.constructionmonitor.com/blog/2015/12/03/pros-cons-of-using-a-bim-model-for-your-next-project/ Raphael, V., & Priyanka, J. (december 2014). ROLE OF BUILDING INFORMATION MODELLING (BIM) IN QUANTITY SURVEYING PRACTICE . International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET), 5(12), 194-200. Retrieved May 4, 2017, from http://www.iaeme.com/MasterAdmin/UploadFolder/ROLE%20OF%20BUILDING%20INFORMATION%20MODELLING%20BIM%20IN%20QUANTITY%20SURVEYING%20PRACTICE/ROLE%20OF%20BUILDING%20INFORMATION%20MODELLING%20BIM%20IN%20QUANTITY%20SURVEYING%20PRACTICE.pdf Rodriguez, J. (2017, April 07). Building Information Modeling (BIM) Risks. Retrieved May 04, 2017, from https://www.thebalance.com/building-information-modeling-risks-845093 The Legal Risks of Building Information Modeling (BIM). (2010, October 12). Retrieved May 04, 2017, from http://www.constructionlawsignal.com/by-subject/design-and-technology/the-legal-risks-of-building-information-modeling-bim/

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http://www.construction-innovation.info/images/pdfs/2004-032-A_BIM_Case_Study_Final_(20081030).pdf

http://puja-brunei.org/pdf/2015/Impact%20of%20BIM%20on%20Quantity%20Surveyors%20-%20Syukri%20&%20Alex.pdf

http://www.iaeme.com/MasterAdmin/UploadFolder/ROLE%20OF%20BUILDING%20INFORMATION%20MODELLING%20BIM%20IN%20QUANTITY%20SURVEYING%20PRACTICE/ROLE%20OF%20BUILDING%20INFORMATION%20MODELLING%20BIM%20IN%20QUANTITY%20SURVEYING%20PRACTICE.pdf

https://www.infocomm.org/cps/rde/xbcr/infocomm/Brochure_BIM.pdf

http://puja-brunei.org/pdf/2015/Impact%20of%20BIM%20on%20Quantity%20Surveyors%20-%20Syukri%20&%20Alex.pdf

http://www.constructionlawsignal.com/by-subject/design-and-technology/the-legal-risks-of-building-information-modeling-bim/

http://www.constructionlawsignal.com/by-subject/design-and-technology/the-legal-risks-of-building-information-modeling-bim/

https://revitall.files.wordpress.com/2014/06/o5-bim-for-quantity-surveyors-and-cost-planners-aia-ca.pdf

http://www.construction-innovation.info/images/pdfs/2004-032-A_BIM_Case_Study_Final_(20081030).pdf

http://ascelibrary.org/doi/full/10.1061/(ASCE)LM.1943-5630.0000127





Thurairajah, N., & Goucher, D. (2013). Advantages and Challenges of Using BIM: a Cost Consultant’s Perspective. 49th ASC Annual International Conference Proceedings . Retrieved May 4, 2017, from http://ascpro.ascweb.org/chair/paper/CPRT114002013.pdf To BIM or Not to BIM | BIM modeling pros and cons. (2015, August 7). Retrieved May 04, 2017, from http://www.revitmodelingindia.com/bim-modeling-pros-and-cons/ Top 10 Benefits of BIM (Building Information Modeling). (2017, April 26). Retrieved May 04, 2017, from https://redshift.autodesk.com/building-information-modeling-top-10-benefits-of-bim/

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http://www.revitmodelingindia.com/bim-modeling-pros-and-cons/