“Problems Plaguing Pakistan and their Solutions”

Presentation By:

1-Talha Mansoor2- Ahmed Shaham3- Hamza Abid4- Taqi Raza5- Syed Ahmed Ali

IntroductionMain Problems of today’s Pakistan:

- Energy Crisis- Terrorism- Education Problems - Unemployment

Energy Crisis• An energy crisis is any great

shortfall (or price rise) in the supply of energy resources to an economy. It usually refers to the shortage of oil and additionally to electricity or

other natural resources

Graph of Increasing Electricity Costs :

Factors :• Consumption by computers :• Since the early 1990s, the country has

observed the highest growth rate in usage of computers that effect the supply of the electricity produced in the system. In a survey , around 30 million citizens (out of 180 million), uses the internet on daily basis; the internet penetration in the country has reached 16% as of 2013.

Graph related to Demand and Supply :

Upcoming Projects :

• Russian state-owned construction company “Roethke” Corporation is planning to build a 680-mile gas pipeline in Pakistan in 2017 at an estimated cost of $2.5 billion. It will be Russia’s first large-scale project in Pakistan since the 1970s.

Cont..

• The World Bank has affirmed its financial assistance for the 1,410-megawatt fifth extension of “Tarbela” hydroelectric power project that will be built on existing infrastructure in order to enhance power generation capacity of the large reservoir to 6,300MW.

Unemployment in Pakistan

INTRODUCTION• Unemployment is one of the major issues

Pakistan has been dealing with for over a decade now.

• In Pakistan, unemployment is very high. • Which causes standard of living to drop.• Basic needs are not being fulfilled and many

other serious issues have increased due to unemployment.

• You will find so many graduates, master students, professionals being wasted due to unemployment in Pakistan.

• Recently, the unemployment rate of Pakistan increased to 6.5% and so it can be said that one out of every 10 people of the country are suffering from unemployment.

• The unemployment rate in urban areas of Pakistan increased by 2% to 10.1%, whereas, the unemployment rate in rural areas increased from 4.3% to 5%

• According to Economic Survey of 2010-11, population of Pakistan is 177.1 million. Total labor force is about 54.92 million out of which 51.87 million is employed and remaining 3.05 million is unemployed. Rate of male unemployment is 5.6 % and female unemployment is 9.3 %.

Causes for Unemployment in Pakistan:

1. Growth of Population:One of the major problems regarding unemployment in Pakistan is uncontrolled growth of population. The population of Pakistan is increasing at very high rate of 2.2%. Increase in population means bring more uneducated person into the field of labour and so the Government or any other company cannot provide jobs or work places for this huge amount of uneducated people.

Cont…

2. ECONOMIC CAUSES

Low Industrial Growth RateLow industrial growth rate is 1.7 % in Pakistan. Number of industries is not increasing in Pakistan. Lack of industries means less opportunities of employment.

Mechanization of AgricultureDue to mechanization of agriculture there is less use of labor in agricultural sector. These unemployed persons move to cities to find jobs at less wage rate. Accordingly, use of modern techniques in agricultural sector is also a further cause of unemployment and under employment

3. Energy CrisisPakistan’s energy infrastructure is not well developed, rather it is considered to be underdeveloped and poorly managed .There is lack of energy for industries and factories. Therefore factories and industries that are required energy are transferring their business in other Asian countries. This result in a huge number of people becoming victims of unemployment.

Another reason is that the government is unable to provide local businesses and companies sufficient energy to make their productsThis causes redundancies and unemployment

Cont…

4. Security and terrorism The government cannot provide security for foreign companies and industries and so those companies look to and move to other safer countries in the region. When these companies leave Pakistan they leave a lot of people unemployed.

5. Political dominancy and Lack of political infrastructure

6. Education just for the sake of education, not for purpose. 7. Lack of resources of industry

8. Lack of interest in technical education

Solution of Unemployment in Pakistan:

• The first thing to do to reduce unemployment in Pakistan is the proper planning by the government of Pakistan.

• The education system of Pakistan should be equal for all and well managed.

• Well recognized training and technical institutions need to be established where skills programs are offered.

Cont…

• The Government put more effort and money into the energy sector to reduce the energy crisis this will automatically create new job opportunities.

• Jobs should be given purely on merits.• The security situation in the country so foreign

companies do not hesitate to invest in Pakistan. • The agriculture sector should be developed.

Education Problems in Pakistan

Introduction

Education is considered as the cheapest defense of a nation The Constitution of Islamic Republic of Pakistan says,“The state of Pakistan shall remove illiteracy and provide free and compulsory secondary education within minimum possible period.” Education is very important for every human being. It makes one able to understand what is happening around us logically and clearly. Only educated person has the ability to take practical decisions and make right moves at the right time.

• “The foundation of every state is the education of its youth”. Diogenes Laertius

• Literacy rate: 49.9% educated populace ( Human development Report Pakistan) placed at 136th position.

• The primary completion rate in Pakistan, given by Date Center of UNESCO, is 33.8% in females and 47.18% in males, which shows that people in the 6th largest country of the world are unable to get the basic education

Problems in Education

Education System is based on 1) Unequal Lines The educational system of Pakistan is based on unequal lines. Medium of education is different in both, public and private sector. This creates a sort of disparity among people, dividing them into two segments.

• 2. Regional DisparityRegional disparity is also a major cause. The schools in Baluchistan (The Largest Province Of Pakistan By Area) are not that much groomed as that of Punjab (The Largest Province Of Pakistan By Population). In FATA, the literacy rate is deplorable constituting 29.5% in males and 3% in females.

• 3. Ratio of Gender DiscriminationThe ratio of gender discrimination is a cause which is projecting the primary school ratio of boys & girls which is 10:4 respectively. For the last few years there has been an increase in the growth of private schools. That not only harms the quality of education but creates a gap among haves and has not.

• 4. FundsThe allocation of funds for education is very low. It is only 1.5 to 2.0 percent of the total GDP. It should be around 7% of the total GDP.

• 5. Untrained TeachersThe teachers in government schools are not well trained. People who do not get job in any other sector, they try their luck in educational system. They are not professionally trained teachers so they are unable to train a nation.

• 6. PovertyPoverty is also another factor that restricts the parents to send their children to public or private schools. So, they prefer to send their children to madrassas where education is totally free.

Solution

Govt. should take following measures:• Increase education budget• Establish more schools and appoint qualified and

trained teachers• Technical education must be given to all the

classes. • Promote primary education.• Equal medium of study for both the rich and poor.

Terrorism in Pakistan

Main causes leading to spread of terrorism: Intolerance in society Injustice Unemployment Illiteracy and ignorance Role of SOME Madaris Reaction to drone attacks Foreign Hand Role of NGO’s

Terrorism in PakistanTerrorism in Pakistan can be mainly divided into two sub-types:

Terrorism in Karachi (Ethnic and linguistic based extremism)

Terrorism in North-West Region (Religion based extremism)

Terrorism in Karachi• Karachi Economic Hub of the country• Karachi’s airport was one of the busiest

airports of South Asia• Economic uplift of Karachi and hence

Pakistan disliked by our eternal enemy, i.e. India

• Triggered extortions, target killings and a wave of insecurity and fear

• Rise of Dubai to provide an alternate deep sea port

• Investors pulling out their money

… Golden times of “Mini Pakistan” over

Solution and a ray of HOPE Karachi operation started in September 2013 Sindh Rangers given responsibility and full

authority Operation against all mafias and terrorists

irrespective of their political or sectarian affiliations

Law and Order situation improved dramatically , citizens satisfied with outcome

Operation continuing to date

Terrorism in North-West Region

• Post 9/11 , Pakistan has gone through very turbulent times. Pakistan became an ally of USA in WAR AGAINST TERROR. In the coming years, numerous militant extremist groups were formed and they started a war against the state of Pakistan. Almost all the public places including mosques, imam bargahs, shrines, schools , hotels were bombed. Terrorist attacks increased in Pakistan in 2006-2007 and they reached their all time high in 2008-2009. Following picture shows flames rising after the bombing of Marriot Hotel in Islamabad in September 2008.

Different operations carried out by Pakistan

Several operations carried out by Pakistan Army:• Operation Rah-e-Haq (1st battle of swat)• Operation Black Thunderstorm (2nd battle of

swat)• Operation Rah-e-Nijat

Important Developments

• Initiative of peace talks• Formation of dialogue committees• Attack on Karachi Airport• Bombing of church in Peshawar• Video released regarding FC soldiers• Eventual failure of peace talks • Start of the decisive battle(ZARB-E-AZB)

JOURNEY TOWARDS A PEACEFUL PAKISTAN

Following the operation zarb-e-azb , the situation has improved and the terrorist attacks have been reduced to a great deal.

MISSION NOT OVER YETSince the operation the overall condition has improved but there was one incident that shook the whole nation.

Peshawar School Massacre

This incident challenged us and we responded to it. We bonded together strongly than ever. It bleeded us. This has consolidated our resolve to make Pakistan a tolerant and terror free society and will eventually RISE AND SHINE.

LAST BUT NOT THE LEAST

Other important issues regarding terrorism in Pakistan include:

Sectarian ViolenceInsurgency in Baluchistan