Slideshare (lesson#2c)tauheed-course-(batch#6-januay-may-2017)-causes-of-wrong-thinking[contn'd]-8-februuary-2017

Using curriculum he has developed especially for English-speakingUsing curriculum he has developed especially for English-speakingMuslim converts and young English-speaking Adult Muslims. Muslim converts and young English-speaking Adult Muslims.

““To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”

IT CAN ALSO BE A IT CAN ALSO BE A REFRESHER COURSE REFRESHER COURSE

FOR MUSLIM FOR MUSLIM PARENTS, EDUCATORS, PARENTS, EDUCATORS,

IN CONTEMPORARY IN CONTEMPORARY SINGAPORE. SINGAPORE. OPEN TO ALLOPEN TO ALL

IN THE NAME OF ALLAHIN THE NAME OF ALLAHMOST COMPASIONATEMOST COMPASIONATEMOST MERCIFULMOST MERCIFUL # 2c# 2c

For further information and registration For further information and registration contact Econtact E-mail : -mail : [email protected] +65 81234669 / +65 96838279or +65 81234669 / +65 96838279

LESSON

““INTRODUCTION TO STUDY OF INTRODUCTION TO STUDY OF TAUTAUHHEED – (AQA’ID)EED – (AQA’ID)””

Intermediate Level Islamic course in English for AdultsIntermediate Level Islamic course in English for Adultsconducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismailconducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj IsmailBATCH - # 6

[JANUAY-MAY-2017)

Updated 8 February 2017Updated 8 February 2017All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2017))

mailto:[email protected]

PREVIOUS LESSONSPREVIOUS LESSONS

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2015))



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““When a person possesses deep thought,When a person possesses deep thought,

Then by everything is a lesson taught.”Then by everything is a lesson taught.”

-Imam Abu Hamid al-Ghazzali (Rahimahullah)-Imam Abu Hamid al-Ghazzali (Rahimahullah)












TO CONTINUE TO CONTINUE


1.1. Get into your groupings (5 to group). Get into your groupings (5 to group).

2.2. From the given statement, discuss – apply what From the given statement, discuss – apply what you have learnt and give your group’s response.you have learnt and give your group’s response.

3.3. Identify and categorize – whether truth, Identify and categorize – whether truth, surmise, conjecture, common impossibility, surmise, conjecture, common impossibility, rational impossibility (antithesis), etc. – with the rational impossibility (antithesis), etc. – with the explanation.explanation.

4.4. Others may be allowed to comment on each Others may be allowed to comment on each others responses.others responses.

You are given not more than 5 minutes to discuss each statement.

““Emm... Let us discuss..Emm... Let us discuss..... What do you think?”... What do you think?” and more and more importantly,“.. importantly,“.. ... Why is that so?”... Why is that so?”

TAMRINTAMRIN

(EXERCISE)

(EXERCISE)


THE THESIS, STATEMENT OR CONTENTIONTHE THESIS, STATEMENT OR CONTENTION WHICH KIND OF CATEGORYWHICH KIND OF CATEGORY

““And he threw down his wooden rod And he threw down his wooden rod

(staff), and it changed into a serpent (staff), and it changed into a serpent

which then devoured all the other which then devoured all the other

snakes conjured by the sorcerers”snakes conjured by the sorcerers”

CommonCommonimpossibilityimpossibility

oror

RationalRationalImpossibilityImpossibility

oror

SurmiseSurmiseor or

truetrue

# 1



They said: "O Moses! wilt thou throw (first), or shall They said: "O Moses! wilt thou throw (first), or shall

we have the (first) throw?" Said Moses: "Throw ye we have the (first) throw?" Said Moses: "Throw ye

(first)." So when they threw, they bewitched the eyes (first)." So when they threw, they bewitched the eyes

of the people and struck terror into them: and they of the people and struck terror into them: and they

showed a great (feat of) magic. We put it into Moses's showed a great (feat of) magic. We put it into Moses's

mind by inspiration: "throw (now) thy rod": and mind by inspiration: "throw (now) thy rod": and

behold! it swallows up straightway all the falsehoods behold! it swallows up straightway all the falsehoods

which they fake! Thus truth was confirmed and all which they fake! Thus truth was confirmed and all

that they did was made of no effect.”that they did was made of no effect.”

((Qur’an: A’raf: 7: 115-118Qur’an: A’raf: 7: 115-118))



““There was a man from the island of There was a man from the island of Crete who said: Crete who said:

‘ ‘Men of Crete are always liars’. ’.

And I believe what this man said is the And I believe what this man said is the truth ”truth ”


oror


oror

SurmiseSurmiseor or

truetrue

# 2


– – Titus: 1: 12 Titus: 1: 12 St. Paul in the New TestamentSt. Paul in the New Testament..



oror


oror

SurmiseSurmiseor or

truetrue

““He made a fantastic claim to having He made a fantastic claim to having

witnessed with his own eyes, to his witnessed with his own eyes, to his

own biological parents making the own biological parents making the

matrimonial vow to solemnize their matrimonial vow to solemnize their

marriage .... (i.e. being physically marriage .... (i.e. being physically

present at their wedding day) ?”present at their wedding day) ?”

# 3



““I saw an amazing thing, a snake that I saw an amazing thing, a snake that

began to swallow its own tail and body. began to swallow its own tail and body.

It went on eating voraciously until it It went on eating voraciously until it

totally consumed itself and *totally consumed itself and *blinkblink* *

disappeared..!”disappeared..!”


oror


oror

SurmiseSurmiseor or

truetrue

# 4



A man then said “I am able to bring the A man then said “I am able to bring the

throne before a wink of an eye” throne before a wink of an eye”

And, lo in a split of a second, the And, lo in a split of a second, the

beautiful throne appeared in their beautiful throne appeared in their

presence ...”presence ...”


oror


oror

SurmiseSurmiseor or

truetrue

# 5



Said an Ifrit of the Jinns: "I will bring it to thee before thou Said an Ifrit of the Jinns: "I will bring it to thee before thou

rise from thy Council: indeed I have full strength for the rise from thy Council: indeed I have full strength for the

purpose, and may be trusted." Said one who had purpose, and may be trusted." Said one who had

knowledge of the Book: "knowledge of the Book: "I will bring it to thee within the I will bring it to thee within the

twinkling of an eye!" Then when (Solomon) saw it placed twinkling of an eye!" Then when (Solomon) saw it placed

firmly before himfirmly before him, he said: "This is by the grace of my Lord!, he said: "This is by the grace of my Lord!

― to test me whether I am grateful, or ungrateful! And if ― to test me whether I am grateful, or ungrateful! And if

any is grateful truly his gratitude is (a gain) for his own soul; any is grateful truly his gratitude is (a gain) for his own soul;

but if any is ungrateful, truly my Lord is Free of All Needs, but if any is ungrateful, truly my Lord is Free of All Needs,

Supreme in Honour!" Supreme in Honour!"

((Qur’an: Naml: 27: 39-40Qur’an: Naml: 27: 39-40))



““He was able to see and He was able to see and

communicate instantaneously, with communicate instantaneously, with

his friend who is on the other side of his friend who is on the other side of

the world (globe) ...”the world (globe) ...”


oror


oror

SurmiseSurmiseor or

truetrue

# 6



““... An anchovy appeared, it opened its ... An anchovy appeared, it opened its

mouth wide and swallowed a whole mouth wide and swallowed a whole

whale ....! ”whale ....! ”


oror


oror

SurmiseSurmiseor or

truetrue

# 7



““... Light, in fact, does not travel in a ... Light, in fact, does not travel in a

straight line..! ”straight line..! ”

““He threw the ball up into the sky and it He threw the ball up into the sky and it

remained there, static ...!”remained there, static ...!”


oror


oror

SurmiseSurmiseor or

truetrue

# 9

# 8




oror


oror

SurmiseSurmiseor or

truetrue

““A horse begets another horse. A horse begets another horse.

Likewise, if Jesus is the son of God, Likewise, if Jesus is the son of God,

then he must also be God...!”then he must also be God...!”

# 10


God = Divine : does not owe existence to any other i.e. self-existingSon: implies being born from anotherBoth are contradictory terms for each has a mutually opposing meanings. Therefore both cannot be the same.



oror


oror

SurmiseSurmiseor or

truetrue

““He promised to come at exactly a He promised to come at exactly a

quarter to five minutes ...!”quarter to five minutes ...!”

# 11




oror


oror

SurmiseSurmiseor or

truetrue

““Everything is relative. All statement Everything is relative. All statement

can either be regarded as right or can either be regarded as right or

wrong. wrong.

We must reject those who are We must reject those who are

Absolutists. We stand upon the Absolutists. We stand upon the

believe that there is nothing that can believe that there is nothing that can

be regarded as Absolute.”be regarded as Absolute.” # 12




oror


oror

SurmiseSurmiseor or

truetrue

““We are not like you Muslims... We We are not like you Muslims... We

believe that there is nothing that our believe that there is nothing that our

God cannot do. He can, if He wants to, God cannot do. He can, if He wants to,

create a stone so big that He himself create a stone so big that He himself

cannot carry!”cannot carry!” # 13




oror


oror

SurmiseSurmiseor or

truetrue

““God (the uncreated) is all-powerful God (the uncreated) is all-powerful

that He can even create another God that He can even create another God

(uncreated) like Himself .... !”(uncreated) like Himself .... !”

# 14




oror


oror

SurmiseSurmiseor or

truetrue

““What a great artist ... He can even What a great artist ... He can even

draw a circle which is draw a circle which is at the same at the same

timetime, also a square ...!”, also a square ...!”# 15




oror


oror

SurmiseSurmiseor or

truetrue

““He claim that his share of one-third is He claim that his share of one-third is

more than all that the other two more than all that the other two

shareholders received...!”shareholders received...!”# 16




oror


oror

SurmiseSurmiseor or

truetrue

““God came down as a man, to die and God came down as a man, to die and

redeem mankind of the sin committed redeem mankind of the sin committed

against Him!”against Him!” # 17


• “Can God die?”• “If you say God died then He is not God”• “And If God did not die then who died?”• “If you say Jesus the man died, then he

was not God”



oror


oror

SurmiseSurmiseor or

truetrue

““God is merciful and forgiving. For God is merciful and forgiving. For

He so loved the world that He sent He so loved the world that He sent

His only begotten son to die as His only begotten son to die as

redemption for the sins of men.”redemption for the sins of men.” # 18


• “To forgive a debt cannot still be attached to demand that the debt must still be paid”

• “He may love the world but don’t He love His son?”

• “Why still insist on blood payment if you say God is so Merciful? Pay to Who?”



oror


oror

SurmiseSurmiseor or

truetrue

““On that day, all who has been dead, On that day, all who has been dead,

although scattered as dust, will be although scattered as dust, will be

summoned and resurrected to life summoned and resurrected to life

again as new creations ...!”again as new creations ...!”# 19




oror


oror

SurmiseSurmiseor or

truetrue

““God can do even the impossible ...!”God can do even the impossible ...!”

#20


If by impossible is meant “common impossibility” – the statement can be accepted.

But if by impossible pertains something which in absolute (unequivocal), then the statement is inherently “self-contradictory”; an obvious “rational impossibility” and therefore is false.

TO CONTINUE TO CONTINUE


““A BEGINNERS’ COURSE A BEGINNERS’ COURSE

ON ISLAM” ON ISLAM” Lessons on Fardhu ‘Ain in English for Lessons on Fardhu ‘Ain in English for

Adults Adults conducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj conducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj

Ismail Ismail

Extracted from module:

“ “ Were they created of nothing, or were they themselves Were they created of nothing, or were they themselves

the creators? Or did they create the heavens and the earth? the creators? Or did they create the heavens and the earth?

Nay, they have no firm belief.” Nay, they have no firm belief.”

((Qur’an: Tur: 52: 35-36Qur’an: Tur: 52: 35-36) )

THIS REQUIRES US TO REFLECT …THIS REQUIRES US TO REFLECT …


1.1. MAN CREATED HIMSELF?MAN CREATED HIMSELF? IMPOSSIBLEIMPOSSIBLE


2.2. MAN AND THE UNIVERSE MAN AND THE UNIVERSE

COME OUT OF NOTHING?COME OUT OF NOTHING?

IMPOSSIBLEIMPOSSIBLE


3.3. WHEN THE PREVIOUS TWO THESIS WHEN THE PREVIOUS TWO THESIS

CANNOT BE POSSIBLE, THEN CANNOT BE POSSIBLE, THEN

THERE MUST BE THE A CREATOR, THERE MUST BE THE A CREATOR,

SOURCE OF THIS EXISTENCE WHO SOURCE OF THIS EXISTENCE WHO

ALONE WAS NOT CREATED. ALONE WAS NOT CREATED.

(THE BEING WE REFER TO AS ‘GOD’ – (THE BEING WE REFER TO AS ‘GOD’ –

the Divine, the Uncreated Creatorthe Divine, the Uncreated Creator))

THIS IS THE ONLY THIS IS THE ONLY POSSIBILITY. POSSIBILITY.

FOR THE VERY WORD FOR THE VERY WORD ‘CREATION’ IMPLIES ‘CREATION’ IMPLIES NEED FOR A NEED FOR A ‘CREATOR’.‘CREATOR’.

WITHOUT WHICH, THE WITHOUT WHICH, THE QUESTION AS TO OUR QUESTION AS TO OUR EXISTENCE, HOW EXISTENCE, HOW CREATIONS BEGUN CREATIONS BEGUN DOES NOT MAKE ANY DOES NOT MAKE ANY SENSE – SENSE –


‘‘Law’ of probability – between “Law’ of probability – between “willwill” ”

and “and “chancechance””

The methodThe method


By unwavering mathematical law we can prove that our universe was

designed and executed by a great engineering Intelligence.

Suppose you put ten coins, marked from one to ten, into your pocket

and give them a good shuffle. Now try to take them out in sequence

from one to ten, putting back the coin each time and shaking them all

again.


Mathematically we know that your chance of first drawing number one

is one in ten; of drawing one and two in succession, one in 100; of

drawing one, two and three in succession, one in a thousand, and so on;

your chance of drawing them all, from one to number ten in succession,

would reach the unbelievable figure of one chance in ten thousand

million.


‘‘Law’ of probability – between “Law’ of probability – between “willwill” ”

and “and “chancechance””

Consider the probability for life on Consider the probability for life on

earth.earth.

The methodThe method

The proofThe proof


By the same reasoning, so many exacting conditions are necessary for life

on earth that they could not possibly exist in proper relationship by

chance.

The earth rotates on its axis at one thousand miles an hour; if it turned at

one hundred miles an hour, our days and nights would be ten times as

long as now, and the hot sun would then burn up our vegetation during

each long day while in the long night any surviving, sprout would freeze.


Again, the sun, source of our life, has a surface temperature of 12,000

degrees Fahrenheit, and our earth is just far enough away so that this

"eternal fire" warms us just enough and not too much! If the sun gave

off only one-half its present radiation, we would freeze, and if it gave

half as much more, we would roast.


The slant of the earth, tilted at an angle of 23 degrees, gives us our

seasons; if it had not been so tilted, vapours from the ocean would

move north and south, piling up for us continents of ice.


If our moon was, say, only 50 thousand miles away instead of its actual

distance our tides would be so enormous that twice a day all continents

would be submerged; even the mountains would soon be eroded away.


If the crust of the earth had been only ten feet thicker, there would be no

oxygen without which animal life must die. Had the ocean been a few

feet deeper, carbon dioxide and oxygen would have been absorbed and

no vegetable life could exist.


Or if our atmosphere had been thinner, some of the meteors, now burned

in space by the million every day, would be striking all parts of the earth,

starting fires everywhere.

Because of these, and host of other examples, there is not one chance in

millions that life on our planet is an accident!


‘‘Law’ of probability – between Law’ of probability – between

““willwill” and “” and “chancechance””The The methodmethod

1: 10 ⁼ 0.101: 10³ ⁼ 0. 0011: 10 ¹⁰ ⁼ 0.0000000001

“The greater the odds means, It is most unlikely i.e. It is too remote for it to occur merely by chance ......”

WHEN E SAY “ODDS”?WHEN E SAY “ODDS”?WHAT DO WE REALLY WHAT DO WE REALLY MEAN BY THIS ... ?MEAN BY THIS ... ?

THEREFORE IT MUST BE FROM THEREFORE IT MUST BE FROM

THE OUTCOME OF A “WILL”THE OUTCOME OF A “WILL”

AND UNLIKELY A COINCIDENCEAND UNLIKELY A COINCIDENCE



Ei incumbit probatio qui dicit, non qui negatEi incumbit probatio qui dicit, non qui negat.

““The burden of the proof lies upon him The burden of the proof lies upon him

who affirms, not he who denies.”who affirms, not he who denies.”

““(I ask You) O Allah! Guide my people for they do not know.”(I ask You) O Allah! Guide my people for they do not know.”

A basic legal rule:A basic legal rule:


"And "And do not follow (pursue) anything of which thou hast no do not follow (pursue) anything of which thou hast no

knowledgeknowledge: verily (thy) hearing and sight and heart - all of : verily (thy) hearing and sight and heart - all of

them - will be called to account for it (on Judgement Day)." them - will be called to account for it (on Judgement Day)."

((Qur’an: Bani Israil : 17 :36Qur’an: Bani Israil : 17 :36))


“Invite (call them all) to the way of your Lord with

wisdom and good instruction, and argue with them

in a way that is best.”

(Qur’an: Nahlu: 16: 125)



"In (with) the Name of Allah, the Most

Compassionate, the Most Merciful."

(Qur'an: Al-Fatiha: 1: 1)



"QUL – HU-WALLAA - HU- AHAD,ALLAA-HUS – SwO - MAD,

LAM-YA-LID – WA –LAM – YUU - LAD,WA-LAM – YAKUN – LA - HUU

KU-FU-AN - AHAD"



"He it is Who has sent down to thee the Book: in it are "He it is Who has sent down to thee the Book: in it are

verses basic or fundamental (“verses basic or fundamental (“muhkamatmuhkamat” - of established ” - of established

meaning); they are meaning); they are the foundation of the Bookthe foundation of the Book: others are : others are

not of well-established meaning. not of well-established meaning.

But those in whose hearts is perversity follow the part But those in whose hearts is perversity follow the part

thereof that is allegorical (not of well-established thereof that is allegorical (not of well-established

meaning). Seeking discord and searching for its meaning). Seeking discord and searching for its

interpretation, but no one knows its true meanings except interpretation, but no one knows its true meanings except

Allah... ;”Allah... ;”

((Qur’an: Aali’Imran: 3: 7Qur’an: Aali’Imran: 3: 7))


"No vision can encompass Him, whereas He encompasses all "No vision can encompass Him, whereas He encompasses all

vision: for He alone is the unfathomable (vision: for He alone is the unfathomable (latiflatif) ) **, all-aware." , all-aware."

((Qur’an: An'am: 6: 103Qur’an: An'am: 6: 103))


** The term ' The term 'latiflatif ' in ' in ) ) ) denotes something that is extremely ) denotes something that is extremely

subtle in quality, and therefore “subtle in quality, and therefore “intangible and unfathomableintangible and unfathomable.” .”

Whenever this term occurs in the Qur'an with reference to God in Whenever this term occurs in the Qur'an with reference to God in

conjunction with the adjective 'conjunction with the adjective 'kha-biir kha-biir ' ( ' ( )) ""all awareall aware”, it is ”, it is

invariably used to express the idea of His inaccessibility to human invariably used to express the idea of His inaccessibility to human

perception, imagination or comprehension, as contrasted with His Own perception, imagination or comprehension, as contrasted with His Own

all-awareness.all-awareness.


"There is nothing like unto Him, and yet He (Allah) "There is nothing like unto Him, and yet He (Allah)

alone is all-hearing, all-seeing."alone is all-hearing, all-seeing."**

((Qur’an: As-Shura 42 : 11Qur’an: As-Shura 42 : 11))


* The Oneness and Absolute Uniqueness of God is stressed here. In

the phrase "there is nothing like unto Him” ( )

implies that He (Allah) is fundamentally - not merely in His attributes -

"different" from anything that exists or could exist, or anything that

man can conceive or imagine or define.

SUB-HAA-NALLAAH!



"Say: if there had been (other) gods with Him― as they "Say: if there had been (other) gods with Him― as they

say, behold, they would certainly have sought out a way say, behold, they would certainly have sought out a way

to the Lord of the Throne!to the Lord of the Throne!

Glory to him! He is high above all that they say! Exalted Glory to him! He is high above all that they say! Exalted

and Great (beyond measure)and Great (beyond measure)**!" !"

((Qur’an: Isra’: 17: 42-43Qur’an: Isra’: 17: 42-43))

For the concept of God or the “Divine Being” must refer to that which For the concept of God or the “Divine Being” must refer to that which

is “is “InfiniteInfinite” or encompasses all else without being limited. Let us ” or encompasses all else without being limited. Let us

reflect and understand the term “ reflect and understand the term “ Infinite and infinity “.Infinite and infinity “.


“Parallel lines are two lines, when extended to infinity, they will not meet nor will their distance between them changes.”.

NOTE: NOTE: **God is the infinite being.God is the infinite being.So by “So by “infiniteinfinite” it means, “” it means, “limitless, limitless, unending, without end, boundless, unending, without end, boundless, beyond measure, etc.beyond measure, etc.””

∞Extend to infinity


SUPPOSE: If you are to conceptually expand this box to infinity, can there be another box outside or besides it?



IF YOU SAY “YES! THERE CAN IF YOU SAY “YES! THERE CAN BE ANOTHER BOX”, THIS MEANSBE ANOTHER BOX”, THIS MEANS

THAT YOU HAVE NOT REALLY THAT YOU HAVE NOT REALLY EXPANDED IT TO THE INFINITYEXPANDED IT TO THE INFINITY

THAT IS THEORETICALLY POSSIBLETHAT IS THEORETICALLY POSSIBLEAll Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2015))


SO CONCEPTUALLY, WHEN WE REFER TO GOD AS THE

“INFINITE”, THERE CANNOT BE MORE THAN ONE INFINITE BEING.


"And there is nothing that could be compared to Him“

(Qur’an: Al- Ikhlas: 112: 4)


The term “The term “kufukufu” ( ) refers to any attempt at trying to do ” ( ) refers to any attempt at trying to do

a comparison by association with any other. This is utterly futile a comparison by association with any other. This is utterly futile

since Allah is Unique. since Allah is Unique.

Thus, even the "Thus, even the "howhow" of His being "" of His being "differentdifferent" from everything else is " from everything else is

beyond the categories of human thought. beyond the categories of human thought.


Therefore, the concern in Islamic theology is not in trying to

discern His Essence (Dzat), which is an impossibility due to

human imperfection and limitation.

But we are to know Him by way of His attributes (sifaat), names

(asma’) and other Signs (Aayat). Yet we qualify and must admit

to the imperfection of all our knowledge regarding Allah, (High

and Exalted is He from every defects and imperfection).


"(To know Allah) Think and reflect upon

Allah's creation and do not try to think

of His Essence (Dzat), for you will certainly

not be able to comprehend it.“

(Hadith reported by Abu-Shaykh – al Jami’ : 134 Risalah Tauhid)


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Slideshare (lesson#2c)tauheed-course-(batch#6-januay-may-2017)-causes-of-wrong-thinking[contn'd]-8-februuary-2017