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Project in Science. Simple Machines
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Submitted by: Keanne Lyxie A. Lim
Submitted to: T. Nerissa Gonzales
- Object that make our work easier or faster and consists of only one
moving part.
SIMPLE MACHINES
oLeversoPulley
oWheel and Axleo Inclined Plane
oGearsoWedge
TYPES OF SIMPLE MACHINES
-consisting of a bar and fulcrum used to multiply force or speed to move another object.
LEVERS
Three types of a lever:
•First-class lever•Second-class lever•Third-class lever
- Type of lever having the fulcrum between the load and effort applied.
- Multiplies force and changes direction.
FIRST-CLASS LEVERS
EXAMPLES OF FIRST-CLASS LEVERS
-Type of a lever having the load between the fulcrum and the effort applied.
- Multiplies force but doesn't change it’s direction.
SECOND-CLASS LEVERS
EXAMPLES OF SECOND-CLASS LEVERS
THIRD-CLASS LEVERS
THIRD-CLASS LEVERS- Type of a lever in which the effort is placed between the
fulcrum and the load.
- Multiplies speed of force.
EXAMPLES OF THIRD-CLASS LEVERS
Pulleys- A simple machine consisting essentially
of a wheel with a grooved rim in which a pulled rope or chain can run to change
the direction of the pull and there by lift a load.
Three types of Pulleys:• Fixed Pulley
• Movable Pulley
• Pulley System
FIXED PULLEYS-A device consisting of a wheel rigidly fixed
to a shaft that is used with a belt to transmit energy and motion to another
fixed pulley.- Changes the direction of the applied force.
EXAMPLES OF FIXED PULLEYS
MOVABLE PULLEYS- A device consisting of a shell, a moveable wheel, and a rope that is
used to raise a load.- Reduce the force applied.
EXAMPLES OF MOVABLE PULLEYS
PULLEY SYSTEMS or BLOCK and TACKLE
- A pulley system uses ropes and wheels to redirect the application of force and/or to
gain mechanical advantage.- Multiply the force applied to reduce
a greater force to lift a load.
EXAMPLES OF PULLEY SYSTEMS
WHEEL AND AXLE- The wheel and axle is generally
considered to be a wheel attached to an axle so that these two parts rotate
together in which a force is transferred from one to the other
- Multiply the force applied to produce a greater force.
EXAMPLES OF WHEEL AND AXLE
INCLINED PLANE- A flat supporting surface tilted at an
angle, with one end higher than the other, used as an aid for raising or lowering a
load. - Reduce the force applied.
EXAMPLES OF INCLINED PLANE
GEARS- A gear is a rotating machine part having
cut teeth, or cogs, which mesh with another toothed part in order to transmit
torque.- Change the direction of the force applied.
EXAMPLES OF GEARS
WEDGES- a simple machine used to separate two objects,
or portions of objects, through the application of force.
- Multiplying the force applied.
EXAMPLES OF WEDGES
PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES IN USING SIMPLE MACHINES
1. Use the right type of simple machine for
the right job.
2. Secure pulleys properly before using them. And
make sure that the it is tightly tied on
the support.
3. Simple machines that are sharp should be handled with care also cover the sharp edges. Do not leave
sharp objects exposed.