Understanding Farmers

Using Role Playing Games to explore futures of landscape management in

the Western Ghats (India)

C.Garcia, J.Vende, K.M.Nanaya, J.Kalla, A. Dray, C.Lepage,

Y.Raghuramulu, C.G. Kushalappa, P.Vaast.

WCA, New Delhi – Feb 2014

February 18, 2014ATBC – ForDev 2

February 18, 20143

Biodiversity

changes

Forest to

Agroforest

Landscape Trends

February 18, 2014ATBC – ForDev 4

February 18, 20145

Biodiversity

changes

Forest to

Agroforest

Reducing

canopy

Replacing

by

G. robusta

Tree

ownership

rights

Implementation

of public policies Labor costs

Coffee

prices

fluctuation

Timber

smuggling

Drivers…

Timber Rights

Cheynier 2006

February 18, 20146

Timber Rights

February 18, 20147

“While conferring ownership rights […] right over the

tree growth may be excluded. As otherwise, it is

apprehended that in 10 years time the entire tree

growth is likely to disappear.”

- G.K. Lokare, Secy. to Govt., Revenue Dept., 22/9/99

February 18, 20148

February 18, 20149

ComMod: Objectives

1rst : to improve knowledge / understanding

2nd : to support collective decision-making

processes

Through Modeling

February 18, 2014CAFNET Mela – Ponampet 2011 11

Coffee

owner

InputIrrigation

infrastructure

Labor

buys

hires

works

climbs on

Management

bloc

Market Forest Dpt

Timber

merchant

sells

sell

buys

buys

enforces policiesElements of decision

February 18, 201412

Conceptual Model

Role Playing Game

Grevillea robusta

FermePoivre Force de travail

Irrigation

IntrantsPerche

Régénération naturelle

Arbre élagué

Junglewood

Caféier10 cm

Scenarios

• No Tree Rights

– Difficult to sale Jungle Wood on the legal

market

– No restrictions on Silver Oak

• Tree Rights

– No restrictions on Jungle Wood as well as

on Silver Oak

February 18, 201413

February 18, 2014ATBC – ForDev 14

Result - Livelihood

February 18, 201415

0

50

100

150

200

250

1 2 3 4 5

Farm

er'

sIn

co

me

(in

CIN

C)

Game Turns

Average Income: Coffee + Pepper + Timber

No Tree Rights

Tree Rights

Result – Tree cover

February 18, 201416

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

0 1 2 3 4 5

Tree Rights

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

0 1 2 3 4 5

No Tree Rights

Trees Saplings Seedlings

Result - Biodiversity

February 18, 201417

0%

50%

100%

0 1 2 3 4 5

No Tree Rights

0%

50%

100%

0 1 2 3 4 5

Tree Rights

Jungle Wood Silver Oak

February 18, 201418

Biodiversity

changes

Forest to

Agroforest

Opening

the canopy

Planting

G. robusta

Tree

ownership

rights

Implementation

of public policies Labor costs

Coffee

prices

fluctuation

Timber

smuggling

Tree

Ownership

rights

Certification

GI

PES

February 18, 2014CAFNET Mela – Ponampet 2011 19

PCA

• 65 % var with 2 factors