Semantic Web Applications in Libraries: The Road to BIBFRAME

SemWeb & BIBFRAME

Semantic Web Applications in Libraries: The Road to BIBFRAME

#bibframe

Kevin FordNDMSO, Library of CongressEmail: [email protected] / Twitter: @3windmills

19 February 2014The Semantic Web Coming of Age

NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

mailto:[email protected]

Intro

The Road to BIBFRAME: Linked Data and Libraries

BIBFRAME Requirements, Expectations, Objectives

BIBFRAME Model

BIBFRAME Ecosystem: Data Representation and Communication

Current questions/work

BIBFRAME: Agenda





What is BIBFRAME?

The Bibliographic Framework Initiative will re-imagine and implement a

bibliographic environment for a post-MARC world.

Key dates:

May 2011 – Initiative announced.

October 2011 – LC publishes general plan

May 2012 – Zepheira LLC contracted to evaluate related initiatives and data modeling

November 2012 – LC publishes high-level model document

January 2013 – LC publishes http://bibframe.org/ which includes a draft vocabulary

August 2013 – Primary Use Cases and Requirements formally recorded and established

January 2014 – Vocabulary 1.0. Implementation experiments begin.




http://bibframe.org/


Before BIBFRAME

1999

A simple metadata data model





Before BIBFRAME

ca. 2007-2010

URIs for People (and, later, Organizations, Places, etc.)





Before BIBFRAME

2009





ID: What is it?

ID makes LC owned or maintaineddata available as Linked Data.

LC Subject Headings (May 2009)LC Children's Subject Headings (May 2009)LC Genre Forms Terms (June 2011)LC Name Authority File (August 2011)LC Classification (Select Classes) (June 2012)

MARC Relators (June 2010)MARC Geographic Areas (January 2011)MARC Countries (January 2011)MARC Languages (January 2011)MARC Organizations (May 2013)

Thesaurus of Graphic Materials (June 2010)PREMIS Vocabularies (some in 2010; all in 2013)

ISO 639-1 (January 2011)ISO 639-2 (January 2011)ISO 639-5 (January 2011)





Before BIBFRAME

2011

Bibliographic data!





Before BIBFRAME

2011-2012

URIs for People, Organizations, Places, etc.





Before BIBFRAME

2011-2012

URIs for People, Organizations, Places, etc.And Works.





Before BIBFRAME

2011





Before BIBFRAME

Additional efforts:

AGROVOC (FAO)National Diet Library (Japan)Spanish National LibraryDewey Decimal ClassificationEuropeannaSTW Thesaurus for EconomicsUSDA National Agricultural LibraryGetty VocabulariesHungarian National LibraryNorwegian University of Science and Technology

And many more...





BIBFRAME





BIBFRAME





BIBFRAME





BIBFRAME





BIBFRAME





BIBFRAME

http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n79007751







BIBFRAME

Increasing User Expectations

URIs, URIs, URIs

Reduced ambiguity

Decentralization of data

Ability to annotate or otherwise augment data

Flexibility – for future cataloging and uses

Leverage technology while leaving librarians to their areas of expertise

Web-ready/web-accessible – more openness





What is BIBFRAME?

Requirements/expectations:

Content model agnostic (RDA, DACS, CCO)

Must support RDA cataloging

Description and management for all types of library holdingsTraditional materials, such as books and serials, But also digital materials, such as born-digital video, ebooks.

Provision for data that supports bibliographic descriptionAuthority data, Holdings, Classification

Replace MARC





BIBFRAME

Bibliographic Framework Initiative and Linked Data

Linked DataRDF Vocabulary/Data ModelNetwork-based technological protocolsFor the web, on the web

RelationshipsLinks replace strings = Reduced maintenanceURIs = authorityAtomicity = flexibility

Relationship to MARCMARC has provided means for data representationMARC has been a suitable communication format





BF Model & Vocab





BF Model & Vocab





BIBFRAME

Core Classes





BIBFRAME

Work





BIBFRAME

Work

Resource reflecting the conceptual essence of the cataloged item





BIBFRAME

Work

Instance





BIBFRAME

Work

Instance

Resource reflecting a material embodiment of a BIBFRAME Work





BIBFRAME

Work

Instance

Authority





BIBFRAME

Work

Instance

Authority

Resource reflecting key authority concepts that have defined relationships to Works and Instances





BIBFRAME

Authority

For a

PersonOrganizationFamilyMeetingJurisdictionPlaceTopicTemporal Concept





BIBFRAME

Authority

A Local Access Point

May have its own HTTP URI

Enables data aggregation





BIBFRAME

Authority

A Local Access Point

May have its own HTTP URI

Enables data aggregation

<http://bibframe.org/auth/person/charles_robert_darwin>

a bf:Person ;

bf:authorizedAccessPoint “Darwin, Charles, 1809-1882” ;bf:hasAuthority <http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n78095637> ;

bf:variantLabel “Darwin, Charles Robert, 1809-1882” ;bf:variantLabel “達爾文 , 1809-1882” ;bf:varianLabel “ , داروين 1882-1809تشارلز ” ;

bf:bioSource <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Charles_Darwin> ;dbpprop:fields <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Natural_history> ;foaf:depiction <http://upload.wikimedia.org/Charles_Darwin_seated_crop.jpg> .





BIBFRAME

Annotation





BIBFRAME

Annotation

Assertions about the other core class elements

Works – reviews, abstract, excerpts

Instances – holdings, book cover images

Name authority – author information

Administrative metadata





BIBFRAME

Annotations (cont'd)

Annotations matter when it is important to know who makesan assertion.

Annotations are no less importantthan Work or Instances or Authorities.





BIBFRAME

Annotations (cont'd)

Annotations are additional assertionsLocal, as in holdingsLocal, selected reviewsExternal, publisher description

By contrast

Works and Instances could

be controlled.

Authorship does not change.Place of Publication doesn't change.





BIBFRAME

BIBFRAME Work

Halo: Reach

BIBFRAME Work

Halo: ReachAnnotation Agent

ESRB

Annotation Agent

ESRB

annotates

target

http://www.esrb.org/32424http://www.esrb.org/32424

BIBFRAMEAnnotation

Rating

BIBFRAMEAnnotation

Rating

BIBFRAMEAnnotation

Rating

BIBFRAMEAnnotation

Rating

http://www.commonsensemedia.org/halo-reachhttp://www.commonsensemedia.org/halo-reach

Annotation Agent

Common Sense Media

Annotation Agent

Common Sense Media

annotator

annotator

target

annotates





<http://id.loc.gov/resources/bibs/12010145> a bf:Work;

bf:title "Las aventuras de Huck;";bf:classificationLCC <http://id.loc.gov/.../classification/PS1305>;bf:primaryLanguage <http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/languages/spa>;bf:authorizedAccessPoint "Twain, Mark,...Huckleberry Finn. Spanish";bf:translationOf <http://id.loc.gov/resources/bibs/huck-finn>;bf:uniformTitle "Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Spanish".

<http://id.loc.gov/resources/instances/12010145> a bf:Instance;bf:dimensions "18 cm.";bf:extent "v. <1- >";bf:illustrationNote "col. plates.";bf:instanceOf <http://id.loc.gov/resources/bibs/12010145>;bf:note "Author's pseud., Mark Twain, at head of title.";bf:title "Las aventuras de Huck;" .

BIBFRAME Ecosystem

As Turtle





<rdf:RDF

xmlns:bf="http://bibframe.org/vocab/" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"><bf:Instance rdf:about="http://id.loc.gov/resources/instances/12010145">

<bf:dimensions>18 cm.</bf:dimensions><bf:extent>v. <1- ></bf:extent><bf:illustrationNote>col. plates.</bf:illustrationNote><bf:instanceOf rdf:resource="http://id.loc.gov/resources/bibs/12010145" /><bf:note>Author's pseud., Mark Twain, at head of title.</bf:note><bf:title>Las aventuras de Huck;</bf:title>

</bf:Instance>

<bf:Work rdf:about="http://id.loc.gov/resources/bibs/12010145"><bf:title>Las aventuras de Huck;</bf:title><bf:classificationLCC rdf:resource="http://id.loc.gov/.../classification/PS1305" /><bf:primaryLanguage rdf:resource="http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/languages/spa" /><bf:authorizedAccessPoint>

Twain, Mark,...Huckleberry Finn. Spanish</bf:authorizedAccessPoint><bf:translationOf rdf:resource="http://id.loc.gov/resources/bibs/huck-finn" /><bf:uniformTitle>Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Spanish</bf:uniformTitle>

</bf:Work></rdf:RDF>

BIBFRAME Ecosystem

As RDF/XML




http://id.loc.gov/resources/bibs/12010145


{

"@graph": [

{ "@id": "http://id.loc.gov/resources/instances/12010145",

"@type": "http://bibframe.org/vocab/Instance",

"http://bibframe.org/vocab/dimensions": "18 cm.",

"http://bibframe.org/vocab/extent": "v. <1- >", "http://bibframe.org/vocab/illustrationNote": "col. plates.",

"http://bibframe.org/vocab/instanceOf": {

"@id": "http://id.loc.gov/resources/bibs/12010145" },

"http://bibframe.org/vocab/note": "Author's pseud., Mark Twain, at head of title.",

"http://bibframe.org/vocab/title": "Las aventuras de Huck;"

}, {

"@id": "http://id.loc.gov/resources/bibs/12010145",

"@type": "http://bibframe.org/vocab/Work",

"http://bibframe.org/vocab/authorizedAccessPoint": "Twain, Mark,...Huckleberry Finn. Spanish", "http://bibframe.org/vocab/title": "Las aventuras de Huck;",

"http://bibframe.org/vocab/translationOf": {

"@id": "http://id.loc.gov/resources/bibs/huck-finn"

}, "http://bibframe.org/vocab/uniformTitle": "Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Spanish"

}

]}

BIBFRAME Ecosystem

As JSON-LD





OPAC

Machine understandsGobbledygook.

Patron understands, but...

Cataloger works with...

Data exchange:Present day

Interface for...

Z39.50/SRUDeveloper works with...

ILS Database

BIBFRAME Ecosystem





ILS Web Layer

Machine understands.

Patron understands.

Cataloger works with...

Developer works with...

ILS Database

BIBFRAME Ecosystem

Data exchange:The future?





Be on the Web....

Structured data is exposed at the ILS Web Layer.

HTTP is the transport protocol.(Versus Z39.50)*

ILS Web Layer itself becomes a service.Customary OPAC, of course,but also: Search API Data access APIs Web triggers send, receive packets

ILS Database

ILS Web Layer

BIBFRAME Ecosystem





Be on the web...Bringing the data out of the silo.

The possibility with combining data representation & communication.

Today

BIBFRAME Ecosystem





Tomorrow

BIBFRAME Ecosystem

Be on the web...Bringing the data out of the silo.

The possibility with combining data representation & communication.





BIBFRAME

Current and Recent Work

● Starting to test implementation ideas

● Continue to add to vocabulary

● Discussion papers

● Communication use cases (OAI, Z39.50, triggers)● See the “BIBFRAME Use Cases and Requirements” document

● Prototype BIBFRAME Input Tool● Experimental implementation of profiles

● Aggregates (serials and collections)

● Continue to work up test cases for data modeling● See http://bibframe.org/tools/tests/




http://bibframe.org/tools/tests/


BIBFRAME





Review the vocabulary, compare MARC to BIBFRAME, transform your data to BIBFRAME:


Join the conversation:http://listserv.loc.gov/listarch/bibframe.html

Grab some code:https://github.com/lcnetdev/marc2bibframe

Thanks. Questions?

Kevin Ford

Email: [email protected] Twitter: @3windmills

BIBFRAME





http://listserv.loc.gov/listarch/bibframe.html

https://github.com/lcnetdev/marc2bibframe



Education

Semantic Web Applications in Libraries: The Road to BIBFRAME