CHONG BOON SECONDARY SCHOOLLower Sec Geography

Secondary Two

Unit 15 : Water Supply in Singapore

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Thinking Questions

1.How does Singapore cope with our water needs?

Unit Objectives

1.Identify the ways that Singapore copes with our water needs.

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Supply and Demand of Water in SGP1. Average yearly rainfall is

2000 mm (1398 million cubic metres)

2. Current daily demand 1.3 million cubic metres

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Can all rainwater that falls be used?•Some falls into catchment areas!•Some fall into drains and goes into the sea!

•Some seeps into the ground and are captured as groundwater!

•Some are evaporated again due to the weather.

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Water Demand in SGP

•Over half of the water we use is consumed at home.

•Commercial and Industries from the balance

•Water consumption is about 160 litres a day.

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The 4 taps

•Singapore has 4 key sources of freshwater supply

1. Local water catchment areas

2. Imported Water

3. NEWater

4. Desalination

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Water from local catchment areas

• 17 reservoirs supply us with clean water.• Newest reservoir is Marina Barrage• Local water catchment area is about 2/3 of the entire island.

• Traditional nature reserve around our reservoirs • Except Bedok reservoir and Marina Barrage

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Imported Water

• Singapore has one water agreement left with Malaysia

• Expires in 2061.• Water is bought from Malaysia, piped from Johor.

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Up Close

NEWater (Reclaimed Water)• Water reclamation using filtration• Filters clean out the harmful and toxic waste materials

• Water that is extracted is used for industrial uses and commercial uses.

• Water extracted is also pumped into reservoirs to blend in with the rainwater captured.

• Blended water is purified and used for residential use.

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XGqtlyzgwNQ&feature=results_video&playnext=1&list=PL83E5FAF83D6DD8A1

Desalinated water

•Singapore’s first desalination plant was operational in 2005.

•Located on reclaimed land in Tuas.•Produces 136 380 cubic metres a day.•Able to meet 10% of our demand for water.

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Water Conservation Strategies• Water Pricing

• Price of water is set to reflect its strategic importance and scarcity

• Education• Public is taught to make efficient use of water

• Legal action• Compulsory for commercial and industrial premises to

install water-saving devices• Encouraging industries to use alternative sources like

NEWater

• Fines• Imposing fines on water wastage and unauthorised

water usage

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Let’s do a recap exercise

•Complete the exercise in 10 minutes

•Good Luck!•You can use your notes if you need help.