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SC’s Secession from the Union
8-4.3-- Analyze key issues that led to South Carolina’s secession from the Union, including the nullification controversy and John C. Calhoun, the
extension of slavery and the compromises over westward expansion, the Kansas-Nebraska Act, the
Dred Scott decision, and the election of 1860
Missouri Compromise Missouri applies for statehood (1st time
a state had been admitted since the Louisiana Purchase)
Upset the balance of free & slave state votes in Senate
Compromise was reached- Missouri was admitted as a slave state, Main as free
What was the result of the Missouri Compromise?
(2:19)
Protective Tariffs What is a protective tariff? Benefited new industries in the North In SC, it raised the price of
manufactured goods SC bought from the north & Britain
Vice President John C. Calhoun- “South Carolina Exposition and
Protest”
Nullification Crisis
Calhoun claimed it was a state’s right to declare such a law unconstitutional and nullify it thought a special state convention
Nullifiers vs Unionists Calhoun resigned as VP & took a
position in the Senate where his voice was strong
President Andrew Jackson & the Force Bill
(1:19)
Theories of Secession & Nullification
The theory of secession, as an alternative to mere nullification of laws, allowed states to leave the United States if thy believed that their rights were being infringed upon.
Under this compact theory- states were more powerful than the federal union
Both theories would be disproven by the civil war
Mexican War
The California Territory became part of the US through the treaty that ended the Mexican War.
1849 Gold Rush Californians wanted their state to e
“free soil” they petitioned to enter as a free state
Resulted in the Compromise of 1850
Compromise of 1850
California is a free state Outlawed slave trade in Washington DC The rest of the Mexican Cession would
decide if they were free/slave by a vote by the residents (popular sovereignty)
Fugitive Slave Law› “Uncle Tom’s Cabin” by Harriet Beecher
Stowe
(5:26)
Kansas-Nebraska Act Located in the northern part of the
Louisiana Territory Missouri Compromise states it could not
be a slave state Politicians wanted a railroad to go through
Kansas, but needed southern support Repealed the 36 degree 30” line of the
Missouri Compromise Popular sovereignty for new states “Bleeding Kansas”
John Brown and bleeding Kansas Documentary (8:59)
Dred Scott Decision
(5:47)• Supreme Court attempt to end the controversy over the role of free states in determining g the status of the enslaved•“Once free, always free”•Constitution protects the owner of property from having the government take that property away•Also ruled that the Congress could not pass measures limiting the expansion of slavery in the territories•John Brown & Harper’s Ferry
Election of 1860 Republican Abraham Lincoln
campaigned on a platform of “free soil”
Lincoln was not an abolitionist in 1860
After his election, SC called a special convention and signed Articles of Secession › Claimed the rights of South
Carolinians had not been & would not be protected by the federal government… 6 other states seceded soon after
Video (2:29)