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Schwa and the short 'i' - simplified pronunciation in prefixes and suffixes
Citation preview
Schwaand theShort ‘i’
the short ‘i’
ɪ
ɪ sit, big, him
live, give, build
minute, women, recipe
ɪ sit, big, him
live, give, build
minute, women, recipe
ɪ sɪt, bɪg, hɪm
lɪve, gɪve, bɪld
mɪnɪte, wɪmɪn, recɪpɪ
ɪ short ‘i’
i Italian ‘i’
iː long ‘i’
ɪ short ‘i’ -i-
i Italian ‘i’
iː long ‘i’ -ee- -ea-
ɪ live
i livello
iː leave
ɪ Tim
i timore
iː team
find examples of ɪ and iː
ship dream keep sin clean
sheep sleep kiss steam slip
strip timid this lips these
scene rhythm ski built extreme
shɪp driːm kiːp sɪn cliːn
shiːp sliːp kɪss stiːm slɪp
strɪp tɪmɪd thɪs lɪps thiːse
sciːne rhɪthm skiː bɪlt ɪxtriːme
short ‘i’in prefixes and suffixes
-estbiggest, fastest, smallest
-es buses, boxes, watches
-ed needed, wanted, waited
-age village, passage, manage
-estbɪggɪst, fastɪst, smallɪst
-es busɪs, boxɪs, watchɪs
-ed* needɪd, wantɪd, waitɪd
-age villɪge, passɪge, manɪge
* after ‘t’ or ‘d’
de- debate, depend, device
re- report, remain, reflect
pre- prevent, preserve, predict
be- begin, become
de-* dɪbate, dɪpend, dɪvice
re-* rɪport, rɪmain, rɪflect
pre-* prɪvent, prɪserve, prɪdict
be- bɪgɪn, bɪcome
* there are exceptions or alternatives
schwa
ə
http://linguistics.stackexchange.com/questions/2798/is-there-a-biological-reason-to-vowel-shift
http://linguistics.stackexchange.com/questions/2798/is-there-a-biological-reason-to-vowel-shift
http://linguistics.stackexchange.com/questions/2798/is-there-a-biological-reason-to-vowel-shift
not front not back
not closed not open
not front not backnot closed not open= relaxed, central
the most common sound in English
important for pronunciation of grammar
many, many, different spellings
-er teacher, maker, father
-or doctor, actor, cursor
-ar grammar, calendar, collar
-a comma, pasta, tuba
-our colour, flavour, honour
-ture future, mixture, culture
-er teachə, makə, fathə
-or doctə, actə, cursə
-ar grammə, calendə, collə
-a commə, pastə, tubə
-our* colə, flavə, honə
-ture futʃə, mixtʃə, cultʃə
* there are exceptions or alternatives
-tion station, elation
-ful helpful, useful
-ness happiness, darkness
-less useless, endless
-able lovable, durable
-ible credible, flexible
-ent absent, agent
-tion statən, elatən
-ful helpfəl, usefəl
-ness happinəss, darknəss
-less useləss, endləss
-able lovəbəl, durəbəl
-ible credəbəl, flexəbəl
-ent absənt, agənt
a-* about, afraid, awake
com-* computer, command
per-* perform, perhaps
+ pursue, forget, etc
a-* əbout, əfraid, əwake
com-* cəmputə, cəmmand
per-* pəform, pəhaps
+ pəsue, fəget, etc
find examples of ɪ and ə
economics photography interesting abundantly
divided environment disadvantage comparable
political performer pregnancy reminder
secretive strengthening understatement wonderful
authorisation entertainment operational development
find examples of ɪ and ə
ecənomɪcs phətogrəphɪ ɪnterəstɪng əbundəntlɪ
dɪvidɪd ɪnvirənmənt dɪsədvantɪge cəmparəbəle
pəlɪtɪcəl pərformər pregnəncɪ rɪmindər
secrətɪve strengthənɪng undərstatemənt wondərfəl
authərisatən entərtainmənt opəratənəl dɪveləpmənt
NB
diphthongs not ɪ or ə
eɪ day, face, wait
əʊ boat, know, go
aɪ my, high, five, lie
ɔɪ boy, choice
ɪə here, near
eə wear, care, there, hair
ʊə poor, sure, jury
http://www.davidnicholson.it/tools_n_terms/ipa_symbols_basic.html
www.davidnicholson.it