Lisa Hattori, Stephanie Lascano, Kevin Lee, Michelle Ranello, and Jensen Rong

81,408 total in NYC U.S. Census Bureau. "Census 2000 Demographic Profile Highlights:

Russians." Fact Sheet. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Mar. 2010.

Pogroms led to mass immigration during 19th Century (Esp. against Jewish and “Old-Believers,” Russians who didn’t accept Russian Orthodox Christianity)

Source: Spartacus. "Russian Immigrants." Spartacus. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Mar. 2010.

Refugees and Asylum-seeking ImmigrantsAssassination of Alexander IIOthers from Russia moved in with established

American families

Source: Orleck, Annelise. The Soviet Jewish Americans. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1999. Print.

Persecution of certain Russian groups

Surge after collapse of U.S.S.R.Between 1990 - 1998, Russians speakers in NYC rose 254%

From 1990 to 2000, the amount of foreign born Russians in New York City has increased.

In 1990, the USSR ranked fifth with 80, 815 residents in New York.

By 2000, Russia alone had exceeded that number. Assuming that Russians accounts for about half

the USSR population, the number of foreign born immigrants from Russia has doubled in ten years.

Source: The City of New York. Dept. of City Planning. The Newest New Yorkers 2000. New York: n.p., 2004. Print.

Brooklyn has the most RussiansCommunities: Bath beach, Bensonhurst,

Graveshead, Sheepshead Bay, Kings Highway, Boro Park, Midwood, Rego Park, Washingon Heights

Last but not least...

Source: The City of New York. Dept. of City Planning. The Newest New Yorkers 2000. New York: n.p., 2004. Print.

Place by NYANA caseworkers to relocate Jewish refugees during WW2

Soviet Jews located there out of common background

98% Russian

Source: Orleck, Annelise. The Soviet Jewish Americans. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1999. Print.

Skilled Labor 80% high school diploma 53% Bachelor’s Degree Median Income of $50,500 Higher home ownership rates (57% vs 41%) Why? Urbanites = Highly Educated

Source: U.S. Census Bureau. "Census 2000 Demographic Profile Highlights: Russians." Fact Sheet. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Mar. 2010.

“Most Communist Neighborhood” - Brighton Beach

Emma Lazarus Tenant CouncilDyen Pobedi “Bay of Victory” May 9Relatively high divorce rates

Source: Orleck, Annelise. The Soviet Jewish Americans. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1999. Print.

1970s-1990s Soviet Jews came as familiesHighest percentage of elderly than any other

immigrant group1/3 of Soviet immigrants during late 1990’s were

over the age of 60

Population 5 years and Older......460,261 (100%)

English...... 332,010 (72.14%)

Languages other than English 128,251 (27.86%)

Source: U.S. Census Bureau. "2006-2008 American Community Survey 3-Year Estimates." American Fact Finder. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Mar. 2010.

This kind of statistical data can make us aware of who is entering the country and why. The limits are that it cannot tell us about the people living here illegally.

This information also doesn’t tell us the struggle immigrant groups go through in their quest for integration.