Root Knot of Tomato/Vegetables DR. RAJBIR SINGH Assistant Professor

Department of Plant Pathology Gochar Mahavidyalaya, Rampur Maniharan, Saharanpur (UP), India Affiliated to Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut (UP), India

Email: rajbir25805@yahoo.com, rajbirsingh2810@gmail.com

Cell No. 91-9456613374

Root Knot of Tomato / Vegetables

• Infect brinjal, okra, cucurbits, chili, g. nut etc.

• All over the world

• All parts of country

• More disease when with fungi & bacteria

• Loss – 60% in all vegetables

Symptoms :• Slow growth & dwarfing

• ↓ Leaf size

• Yellowing of leaves

• Pl. show nutrition deficiency

• Wilting if Fusarium, Rhizoctonia, Verticillum etc. present

• Some time scroching of leaf in margin

• Patches in the field

• Main symptoms – root knot / root gall

• Main & lateral roots – swell –spherical to elongate

• Galls d/n in shape & size

• Rotting of gall

• No flowering / less flowering

• No fruiting / less fruiting

http://trec.ifas.ufl.edu/clinic/images/disease_photos/RootKnot_Tomato.gif

Pathogen – Meloidogyne javanica

M. incognita

M. arenaria

• Egg size – 67 – 128 x 33 - 52 µm (ellipsoid)

• Adult male – 1.2 – 1.5 mm (long)

• 0.03 – 0.36 mm (width)

• Female – 0.42 – 1.3 mm (long), pear shaped

• 400 – 500 eggs / female

• Survive in soil as gall – later galls rotting- nematode free

• Larva move – 1 cm/day

• Roots exudates attract larva

• Larva secret saliva into the pl. cell

• II & III stage larva differentiate by stylet & stouter

• IVth stage - differentiate ♂ / ♀

• Sex depend on nutrition

• Sex differentiation – sexual dimorphism

• Giant cell – dissolution of middle lemma

• Hypertrophy & Hyperplasia – gall formed

• Gall – paricycle, paranchyma & endodermis cells

• Life cycle - 25 days at 27° C

80 days at 14° C

• Tem. – 25 - 28° C

• Soil – sandy loam

Disease Management• Selection of field

• Field sanitation

• Crop rotation of 2-3 years

• Deep ploughing

• Flooding

• Organic amendments – saw dust, neem cake, jatropha @250 Q/ha.

Use before 3 weeks of planting

• Streaming – hot water - 50° C for 30 minutes

• Feuradan – 2.5 kg / ha, Temic, Thimate, Nemacur @ 25kg/ha,

Carbofuran, Rugby @ 2 kg a.i./ ha

• Dis. Res. Var.- SL 120, Nematex, Banaraj joint, PV - 1, Hissar Lalit

Thank You