THE ROMANTIC PERIOD AND WOMEN WRITERS - REFORMERS

By Group 4

Wayan Widiadnyana 120 130 50 51

I G A Triana Rakanita 120 130 50 55

Putu Rina Dewi 120 130 50 56

Rico Yulianto Putro 120 130 50 58

The Romantic Period

Were not love story

&

Dark and forbidding

Dark Romanticism

Characteristics:

Lots of creepy symbols

Horrific themes

Psychological effects of guilt and sin

The Authors

Nathaniel Hawthorne Herman Melville Edgar A. Poe

Nathaniel Hawthorne

• Set in Puritan New England

• Treated issues that were usually suppressed in 19th

century America

• He uses allegory, as technique the early puritan themselves practiced.

Herman Melville

• Grew out of his voyages

• Moby Dick; or, The Whale,Melville’s masterpiece andhas been called a ‘naturalepic’

Edgar A. Poe

• Metaphysical vision mixed with elements of realism, parody, and burlesque

• Invented detective fiction

• Science fiction, horror, and fantasy

Woman Writers and Reformers

American woman endured many inequalities inthe 19th century. The strong women tried tofight back by springing up their network.Through letters, personal friendships, formalmeetings, women’s newspaper, and books,women furthered social change.

Abolitionist Lydia Child ( 1802 – 1880 )

• Leader of the woman ‘sprangup’ network.

• She founded and edited thefirst journal for children in theUnited States, and publishedthe first antislavery tract, AnAppeal in Favor of That Classof Americans Called Africans,in 1833.

• Her History of the Condition ofWomen in Various Ages andNations (1855) argues forwomen equality by pointing totheir historical achievements.

Angelina Grimke & Sarah Grimke ( 1805 – 1879 )

• First women to publicly lectureto audiences, including men.In letters, essays, and studies,they drew parallels betweenracism and sexism.

Elizabeth Cady Stanton ( 1815 –1902 )

• Abolitionist and women’s rightactivist.

• With Lucretia Mott, sheorganized the 1848 SenecaFalls Convention for Women’srights; she also drafted itsDeclaration Sentiments.

• She published a book entitledThe Women’s Bible (1895)discerns a deep seated anti –female bias in Judaeo Christiantradition.

• History of Woman Suffragealso hers which was co –authored for 3 volumes and afirst pseudonymous.

Sojouner Truth ( 1797 – 1883 )

• Epitomized the endurance andcharisma of this extraordinarygroup of women.

• Her story about being a slaveand ran away from her masterwas told in the Narrative ofSojourner Truth 1850, anautobiographical accounttranscribed and edited byOlive Gilbert.

Harriet Beecher Stowe ( 1811 –1896)

• Her novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin;or Life among the Lowly wasthe most popular Americanbook of the 19th century.

• Forty different publishersprinted it in England alone,and it was quickly translatedinto 20 languages.

• Her motive was the religiouspassion to reform life bymaking it more godly.

• Stowe’s novel attacked slaveryprecisely because it violateddomestic values.

Harriet Jacobs ( 1818 – 1896 )

• Being friend to Amy Post, justafter giving up her life onbeing a slave, she wrote herautobiography ; Incidents inthe Life of a Slave Girl. Thisbook outspokenly condemnedthe sexual exploitation of blackslave women.

Harriet Wilson ( 1807 – 1870)

• She was the first African –American to publish a novelin the US – Our Nig; orSketches from the life of aFree Black, in a two storeywhite house, North.

Frederick Douglass ( 1817 –1895)

• The most famous blackAmrican anti – slavery leaderand orator of the era.

• In 1845, he published hisNarrative of the Life ofFrederick Douglass, AnAmerican Slave.

• This helped blacks in thedifficulty task of establishingan African – American Identityin white America, and it hascontinued to exert animportant influence on blackfictional techniques andthemes throughout the 20th

century.