Muzzafarabad AJK

Critical Review the Research Articles

M-phill sociology

◦The reviewers are extremely important to any journal.

◦Arbiters of quality of submitted manuscripts◦Role twofold

Does the manuscript merit publication? Advisory role: Provide constructive criticism (help make

a manuscript better)

Adeel mughal m-phill sociology

Section by Section◦(Title)◦Abstract◦Introduction◦Materials and Methods

Combined with Results for Brief Reports◦Results◦Discussion◦Figures/Graphs◦Tables◦References

Adeel mughal m-phill sociology

Title◦ Should truly reflect purpose and findings of study◦ Not too long◦ Watch abbreviations

Adeel mughal m-phill sociology

Abstract◦ The summary of the manuscript’s most important features◦ For many readers, this is the ONLY part that they will read.◦ Therefore, the abstract should be able to stand alone as a

summary of the work◦ Ideally, should contain a well-articulated purpose and

hypothesis (not just “report our experience with…”)

Abstract◦Purpose (avoid vague objectives)◦Materials and Methods◦Results◦Conclusion

Abstract◦There should be no major discrepancies between

the body of the paper and the Abstract!◦The most important features of each section should

be the focus of the Abstract◦There are word count limits to the Abstract for each

type of manuscript--should not be overly lengthy

Abstract◦ Purpose should mirror end of Introduction◦ Actual data with P values should be included in Results as

appropriate◦ Conclusions should be justified by and follow directly from

Methods and Results and NOT simply be a reiteration of Results

◦ Conclusions should not be overstated, esp. on the basis of a small number of patients and observations

Introduction◦Explains, via background information, why the

authors bothered to perform the study◦Should be brief (save rest for Discussion)◦What is the rationale of the study?

Show that an important problem or question exists Show that prior published work has failed to adequately

address the problem◦What are the goals of the study?◦Introduce any unusual terms used for the study◦Make sure all data/claims referenced

Materials and Methods◦The “blueprint” of the study (What subjects were

included? How was the study performed?)◦Should give sufficient information to allow

another investigator to repeat the study◦Also provides an outline of statistical methods

used, if appropriate◦Give definitions (e.g. outcomes measures such as

patency results)

Materials and Methods◦ Subsection headings may be useful for major papers

(Patient group, technique, study endpoints and definitions, statistical analysis)

◦ Patient group: demographics, comorbidities, proof of disease, etc. Technically, for prospective studies, should be in Results, but I (and many others) prefer this in the M&M anyway for readability/clarity/flow of the paper.

◦ Make sure numbers add up (here and in results)◦ IRB approval or equivalent (or statement that it is not

necessary at the authors’ institution for this type of study)

Materials and Methods◦ Details of imaging techniques may be important; routine

steps of procedures generally aren’t, but be sure there is no question regarding major technical aspects esp. if unusual or important

◦ There should be corporate attribution for devices, etc.◦ Complications should be defined (ideally categorized per

SIR standards)◦ Stats: Worthwhile to develop a working knowledge of

important statistical tests

Results◦Should follow directly from the Materials and Methods

section (the Materials and Methods section should tell what types of Results are to be looked for); no “new” or unanticipated results should be presented that don’t follow from the M&M

◦The order of presentation of results should parallel the order of presentation of the methods

◦Section headings may be useful if lots of complex data

Results◦Follow guidelines for significant figures◦Patency and survival data should be done by

Kaplan Meier analysis

Discussion◦ State whether hypothesis was verified or proven untrue, or (if no

hypothesis) what questions were answered or why the report is important

◦ Should comment as to whether the results are in line with prior studies. If not, an attempt should be made to explain the discrepancies.

◦ Review only those parts of the medical literature relevant to the study.

◦ Note (preferably in a separate paragraph) limitations of the study◦ Should have a concluding paragraph that summarizes the study

Figures and Graphs◦ Should illustrate important features of the methods and results◦ Many authors have trouble limiting figures to those essential

for the understanding of the MS--should ask yourself whether each figure necessary

◦ Watch for HIPAA issues/patient identifiers◦ Decide also whether color necessary (color expensive in print,

we can choose color on web, gray scale in print for JVIR)◦ Should be highest possible quality and should have figure

legends that adequately explain the meaning (supplemented by appropriate arrows)

Tables◦A Table summarizes complex collections of data

in order to make it more understandable and in order to allow the reader to more easily make comparisons

◦Tables are not necessary if the information can be adequately presented in the text (the latter is preferable)

AbstractThe positive aspect of the paper is to heightened the issues of migrates due to political climate in European societies. A the consequences faced by the migrants.The author discussed about the aims of the research and its significance of the study.No methodologyNo Objective No conclusive evidence of the results.

The background _____________NoAims, Goals and significance_________yes(Focused on)social cohesion and integration agendas; and third, terrorist attacks on migrants.Literature Cited(Poor)Not Justifiable.

The author efforts were made to reach populations which often may be hard to reach, those speaking poor English or Norwegian, rather than opting for easier-to-access higher educated individuals only. The data was transcribed and coded in the qualitative software programmer NVivo, following a project-wide codebook. The analysis for this paper followed an inductive approach and a back-and- forth between data and the underlying conceptual questions of relationships between the political climate and migrants’ and descendants’ return imaginaries, regardless of whether or not actual mobility was involved

ConclusionIMPLICATIONS:The implication of the political climate in the immediate aftermath of terrorist attacks, as well as in the periods following, is both something our research participants mentioned explicitly (reflective of the historical moment) and something which is implicitly affecting the nature of the political climate on immigration as well as their own integration overall (the formative effect). These developments taken together—the terrorist acts themselves, the mediatised discussions of them and the effects of these on the political climate—lead to a re-newed attention to return imaginaries. Terrorist attacks, as critical events, affect the political climate and through this also affect the space for building and consolidating belonging in culturally and religiously diverse societies, where it—based on our data—may seem that such space is currently some- what more available in the UK, than in Norway, although both contexts and political climates are under constant change

This paper provides a review of the literature on the development impact of migration and remittances on origin countries and on destination countries in the South. International migration is an ever- growing phenomenon that has important development implications for both sending and receiving countries. For a sending country migration and the resulting remittances lead to increased incomes and poverty reduction, improved health and educational outcomes, and promote economic development. Yet these gains might come at substantial social costs to the migrants and their families. Since many developing countries are also large recipients of international migrants, they face challenges of integration of immigrants, job competition between migrant and native workers, and fiscal costs associated with provision of social services to the migrants. This paper also summarizes incipient discussions on the impacts of migration on climate change, democratic values, demographics, national identity and security . In conclusion, the paper highlights a few policy recommendations calling for better integration of migration in development policies in the South and the North, improving data collection on migration and remittance flows, leveraging remittances for improving access to finance of recipient households and countries, improving recruitment mechanisms, and facilitating international labor mobility through safe and legal channels.   The author discussed the problem faced by the developing countries due to massive migration. job competition between migrant and native workers, and fiscal costs associated with provision of social services

 

No background just Describe in General way Goals of the study was no discussed by the

author◦Rationale of the study

importance of the problem__________NO Show that prior published work has failed to

adequately address the problem Introduce any unusual terms used for the study

No material and method were written in the article.The sources for writing the paper is only the citation of literature.

implications for domestic institutions and politics values and attitudes conflict criminal activity financial crimes Cultures With no Reccomendations

The Abstract were not written in proper way just general discussion has been made by the author.

No empirical evidence in the abstract why migration has been occurs

No Objectives and aims. No methodology No Results with Empirical evidences are in the abstract

The first paragraph of the study is related to the international migration and the wage gapes between rural and urban areas. The past studies gave the worth of the study.

The authentic data source which shows the urban population growth in Maxico.

Another positive aspect of this article is that it was supported by the migration theories.

Advance Statistical test has benn used to analyze and interpretation of the data

No Sampling technique. No Sample size is mention. The data were collected through secondry

sources WDI and other sources. Describing each and every variable which a study

have

Linear and binary logistic model were to analyze and interpretation of the data.

policy making views

Abstract Not following the proper rule while writing the

Article. All of the aspects are missing in the abstract.

Factors under which the people are migrated and their contribution towards rural development in the Global context were not mentioned.

Not the current review of literature were included in the article. 1954, 1943 where the era in which no transformational change occurs as currently now. The migration occurs very rapidly now a days as at that time

No methodology were written.OECD stands for what.Review regarding Brain Drain were not in the discussion

What are the reason in which low skill labor contribution more than the higher skilled labor. No evidence were provided

Social and cultural aspect were included in the article that was very good understanding about the social and the cultural aspects of the respondents.

Thank You!Ajk kashmir