Reservations in Indian Education System

Presented By

Gaurav Yadav andVishakha Roy

M.Sc. Applied PhysicsAmity University Rjasthan

Contents

• Introduction• History• Types of Reservations• Present caste-based reservation system of Union

Government• Consequences• Advantages• Disadvantages• Solutions• Conclusions• Reference

Introduction

• Reservation in India is the process of setting aside a certain percentage of seats (vacancies) in government institutions for members of backward and under-represented communities (defined primarily by caste and tribe). • Reservation is a form of quota-based affirmative

action.• Reservation is governed by constitutional laws,

statutory laws, and local rules and regulations.

History

• Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar made certain arrangements for the backward classes to allow them to enjoy a humane lifestyle and bring their upliftment in the political field.• in 1979 when the Mandal Commission was

established to assess the situation of the socially and educationally backward classes.• As of 2006 number of castes in Backward class list

went up to 2297 which is the increase of 60% from community list prepared by Mandal commission.

Types of Reservations

• Caste basedCaste is decided based on birth, and can never be changed.• Management Quota

It is a quota based on economic status irrespective of caste, race and religion; anybody who has money can buy his/her seat.• Gender Based

The Women's reservation Bill was passed on 9 March 2010.

• Religion basedbased on the backwardness of the religious communities• Undergraduate colleges

Some undergraduate colleges reserve seats for their own students in postgraduate courses.• Others

1) Sons / Daughters / Grandsons / Granddaughters of Freedom Fighters.2) Physically handicapped.3) Sports personalities.

Category as per Government of India Reservation Percentage as per Government of India

Scheduled Castes (SC) 15.0%Scheduled Tribes (ST) 7.5%Other Backward Classes (OBC) 27%Total constitutional reservation percentage 49.5%

General (Open to all including SC/ST and OBC) 50.5%

Present caste-based reservation system of Union Government

Reservations

GeneralOBC STSC

Consequences

• SC and ST students are also entitled to relaxation in respect of the upper age limit (generally 5 years) as well as concession of lower cut-off qualifying marks (5-10%). • In the Higher Education institutes and

Government Bodies reserved category people are given the relaxations, which results in admission of people who have lower aggregate percentage of marks both in academics & competitive exams.

Students protesting against reservations in higher education

Advantages

• Reservation is a political necessity, required for peace keeping in India.• Reservations are a means to increase

representation of the present under-represented caste groups and thereby improve diversity on campus.• General category people have never known to go

backward due to reservation.

Disadvantages

• Allocating quotas is a form of discrimination which is Contrary to the right to equality.• 60% of India that is rural needs schools, health

care and infrastructure in rural areas, not reservation in urban institutions.• Under graduates and graduates will start moving

to foreign universities for higher education.

Solutions

• The reserved candidates should be given monetary help in the form of scholarships and relaxation in respect of the upper age limit and lower cut-off marks should not be given.• Reservation on the collective salary of family,

that is salary of husband and wife, and incomes derived from all other sources like gifts or income from joint family property.• The benefit of the reservation for only first 2

children of the family.

Conclusion

• Reservations were introduced in the Indian Education system as a means for the overall development of the society.• However, today all sections of the society have been

developed economically, culturally and socially.• Hence, the need for reservations is limited.• Complete elimination of reservations is not possible

considering the current political scenario.• Hence, reservation should be provided in the form

of monetary support not at the cost of knowledge.

References

• Wikipedia• Reservation: Understanding The Past, Present

And Solutions• examcrazy.com/Education-System/India/Indian-

Education-Reservation-Quota-System.asp • indiabix.com/group-discussion/is-reservation-in-

higher-education-only-alternative-for-social-equality• Laskar, Mehbubul Hassan. "Rethinking

Reservation in Higher Education in India"

Thank You