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foundation 101
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DIFFERENT EDUCATIONA
L PHILOSOPHI
ES
PHILOSOPHY
WISDOM
KNOWLEDGE
LOGIC
CONCEPTS
THEORIES
PRINCIPLES
Importance of Philosophy to Students of Education
Aim : is to provide the students the basis of philosophical understanding which enables them to arrive at a logical and systematic theory of education.
IMPORTANCE: The study of philosophy serves to develop
intellectual abilities and skills required for any particular profession.
It cultivates the capacities and appetite for self-expression and reflection, for exchange and debate of ideas, for life -long learning, and for dealing with problems for which there are no easy answers.
It also helps to prepare one for the tasks of citizenship. A good
philosophical education enhances the capacity to participate responsibly and intelligently in public life.
“ IT IS AN ACCEPTED FACT THAT THE INTELLECTUAL HORIZON IS DEVELOPED THROUGH PHILOSOPHICAL EXPERIENCE
ENGAGED IN THE STUDY OF MAN, TRUTH, AND
VALUES. ”
• Knowledge is independent of sense experience. Man knows some truths by reasoning logically in the relationship between values.
• Idealists start with the idea and ends with thing. Idea is the real thing.
• Idealist believes that the mind exist, and that our sense of the external world (physical reality) is simply a construction of the mind.
Idealist deny that thinking is the product of the
human brain, they claim that thinking is the activity of minds and souls.
Idealists deny that matter even exist. Matter, they claim , is simply an illusion . Things
aren’t materials but groups of ideas or sensations that exist in our minds or in the mind of God.
IDEALISM
EXAMPLES: 1. Crime, for example, is said to exist because
some people are sinful or evil, and not because of poverty, unemployment and other real material condition.
2. A doctor who maintained that evil spirits were the real cause of disease.
3. Reject the theory of evolution in favor of biblical mythology.
IDEALISM
To the idealist the purpose of education is to assist in the development of the spirit and self of the pupil/ student.
Education assists in the development of the good and abundant life.
The school must emphasize the development the development of the following areas of life:
Intellectual activitiesSelf -realizationMoral judgmentIndividual freedomAesthetic appreciationIndividual ResponsibilitySelf –discipline or control
;
Realism is an attempt to portray life as it is.
The realist believes that the world is made of real, substantial material entities.
Thing is more important than the idea.
Contrasting Idealism and Realism
IDEALISM
- SUPERNATURE
- MYSTIC/FAITH; PURE REASON
- MIND/ SPIRIT VALUES ONLY - DUTY/ OBLIGATION
REALISM
- NATURE
-SENSES and REASON- EMPIRICAL
- MIND AND BODY
VALUES BOTH
- Happiness /Liberty
Importance of subconscious mind The role of the racial minorities in
society Man’s search for value in a hostile
world.
IMAGE OF REALITY
Recognizes the right of individual to an education based upon his nature.
Provides man with the essential knowledge he needs to survive in nature.
To the Realist education exists for the following reason:
1. To transmit culture 2. To develop thinking and reasoning 3. To develop the ability to live a life a life of reason 4. To learn to live a life in a higher place.
HUMANISM
HUMAN
HUMANE
HUMANITY
HUMANITARIAN
HUMAN RACE
HUMAN RIGHTS
“ IT IS EASY TO BE HUMAN, BUT IT IS HARD TO BE HUMANE” Humanism is a rational philosophy
based on belief in the dignity of man, informed by Science and motivated by human hope and compassion.
Humanism bases its values on human needs
and aspirations. It’s similar to a moral philosophy.
* Humanism centers on humans and their values, capacities, and worth .
Examples:
1.The right of Liberty 2.Freedom of speech3.Rights to vote4.Demand improvement5.Justice for the species as a whole
Modern Humanism now states ‘Education is a
right, not a privilege’.
humanism.lnk
In general the philosophy of pragmatism is grouped under the general term Experimentalism. In other words, Experimentalism and Pragmatism are closely related.
Concepts : 1. Both believe reality is determined by individual experiences.
Concepts :
2. All that can be known is dependent upon experience.
3. This experience of phenomena determines knowledge.
4. Dr. John Dewey is considered as experimentalist because he insists that ideas must always be tested by experiment.
5. Pragmatist also believes that an idea is
true if it works and false if it does not.
Example: If an idea does what it intends as plan
of action, it is true. If it falls, it is false.
Implication to Education:1. Education must be problem centered
and it must be felt by the learners and should be centered upon his abilities, needs and interests.
2. The curriculum of the school must be formulated in terms of activities or projects relevant to the students’ abilities and community needs.
3. Teaching must be stressing learning by
doing and living.
PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION 101 July 14, 2012
Prepared by: NOEL L . SAGAYCA
MAED Student
Submitted to : DR. GLORIA YAN
Professor