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Talk slides from Ubicomp 2011, Beijing, 20th September 2011 (Session 4 - Near and Far). Based on the paper: Reflections on the Long-term Use of an Experimental Digital Signage System by Sarah Clinch, Nigel Davies, Adrian Friday, Christos Efstratiou.Paper abstract:In this paper we reflect on our long-term experiences of developing, deploying and supporting an experimental digital signage system. Existing public display systems almost always feature a single point of control that is responsible for scheduling content for presentation on the network and provide sophisticated mechanisms for controlling play-out timing and relative ordering. Our experiences suggest that such complex feature-sets are unnecessary in many cases and may be counter productive in signage systems. We describe an alternative, simpler paradigm for encouraging widespread use of signage systems based on shared ‘content channels’ between content providers and display owners. Our system has been in continuous use for approximately 3 years. We reflect and draw lessons from how our user community has adopted and used the resulting public display network. We believe that these reflections will be of benefit to future developers of ubiquitous display networks.
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Reflections on the Long-term Use of an Experimental
Public Display SystemSarah Clinch1, Nigel Davies1, Adrian Friday1 and
Christos Efstratiou2
1Lancaster University, 2Cambridge University, UK.
Tuesday, 20 September 11
2005 20112008
e-Campus begins [1] e-Channels in everyday use 30 displays,81 users,
33 groups,3,700 pieces
of content
We reflect on use of e-Channels:a system for enabling the shared use of networked
situated displays by trusted user groups
[1] Public ubiquitous computing systems: Lessons from the e-campus display deployments. IEEE Pervasive Computing, 5 (3). pp. 40-47. ISSN 1536-1268
Tuesday, 20 September 11
Woah!
should this really be our decision?
we need to design something that scales better...
Need to give users ownership of displaysDesign goals: simplicity & stimulate ‘a network effect’
Problem: our approval of content was a bottleneck
Tuesday, 20 September 11
content is arranged into ‘channels’ by users (in known groups)
[2] Storz, Oliver and Friday, Adrian and Davies, Nigel (2006) Supporting content scheduling on situated public displays. Computers & Graphics, 30 (5). pp. 681-691
[2]
e-Channels
Channels SchedulerWeb UI
mediafiles
Display Owner
channelsubscriptions
Content Provider
channel properties,
subscriptionschannel properties
file systemchanges Displays
schedulecontent
file systemdropbox
Role 1
Role 2
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User experience video
The content provider sees this...
Tuesday, 20 September 11
User experience video
The display owner sees this...
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Questions we answer1. How did the e-Channels system get
used - are channels a useful abstraction?
2. Do users generate content to share or are they selfish? i.e. is there a network effect?
3. What content do they put into the system, how is it characterised?
4. Does the system get abused, or do we retain control?
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Q1: Channels are used, flexibly
Group content and ‘suspend’ used during updates
Rarely deleted just suspended
CHANNEL_ACTIVATE CHANNEL_ADDCHANNEL_DELETE CHANNEL_SUSPEND
A range of channel related practices
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1 channel,frequent content
little content, lots of subscriptions
engagement stops, with staff change
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Q2: Sharing
To our surprise, 53% of channels are ‘shared channels’ available to the network
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Shared Private
We do our own thing
Just our public channel
We do both!
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They'll never share
ade
Tuesday, 20 September 11
Q3: Content lifeIs short (7-10 days) -23% news, 16% forthcoming events
Or long (~120 days)11% building projects, 9% services
More content is added than removed!
Tuesday, 20 September 11
Q3: Context & ValidityContent rarely tightly bound to location, but often audience
24% had no obvious time constraints
8% had a validity of one day; 8% < 1 week; 12% a month; 21% 2-3 months, and 12% a validity of 1 year+
Unsupported5.3%
Stream0.3%
Web pages4.1%
Video7.1%
Images83.2%
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Q4: Trust, Moderation & Abuse
• e-Channels took per-item moderation from us to trusted user groups, devolving control
• Only 2 abuses reported:
• decontextualisation (video with sound during an exam)
• situated-ness (a particular message a college dean worried would be interpreted as theirs)
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Gaming the System
• We found duplicate content across channels - but also within a channel!
• Also sneaky ‘static-video-slides’
• Deliberate practice to gain air time - shows understanding
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Take home
• Reflected on how e-Channels has been adopted & found it is effective in sharing networked displays with many stakeholders
• Trusted content providers devolve moderation and keep control & do generate content for sharing
• Display owners find a balance between monopoly and shared content
• Users continue to underestimate the cost & effort of producing content
Tuesday, 20 September 11
Partially funded by the PD-NET project: http://pd-net.orgPD-NET is a FET-Open project funded from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no. 244011
Please see the paper for fuller explanations of the data and the unexpurgated design lessons
Questions?
Adrian [email protected]://www.comp.lancs.ac.uk/~adrianhttp://pd-net.org
Tuesday, 20 September 11
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