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REDD+ STAKEHOLDER MEETING Jakarta, 23 April 2014

REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

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This presentation by Heru Prasetyo focuses on the challenges REDD+ is still facing in Indonesia and what could be done to overcome them.

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Page 1: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

REDD+ STAKEHOLDER MEETING

Jakarta, 23 April 2014

Page 2: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

WELCOMING REMARKS

Kuntoro Mangkusubroto

REDD+ Stakeholder Meeting

Jakarta, 23 April 2014

Page 3: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

REDD+ IN INDONESIA:

CHALLENGES & PROGRESS

Heru Prasetyo

REDD+ Stakeholder Meeting

Jakarta, 23 April 2014

Page 4: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

Disappearance of Indonesian Forests

The REDD+ Challenge in Indonesia

4

Page 5: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

Immediate action must be taken to stop

further disappearance of our forests

Forest Cover in Indonesia Projected Forest Cover after Concessions

Source: Ministry of Forestry, Moratorium Working Group Analysis 5

Page 6: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

The forest is our treasure chest

Biodiversity in Indonesia Adat Communities Living Within Forests

6

Page 7: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

Keeping our forests standing and peatlands

intact is important to address climate change

Projected Business-as-Usual Emissions

Million tons CO2 emissions

2020

2,950

2005

2,120

2000

1,720

Agriculture

Forestry & peat

(>60%)

Energy &

Transportation

Waste

Industry

Source: Indonesia’s Second National Communication to UNFCCC 7

Page 8: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

Reduction of Emissions from Deforestation

and Forest Degradation

REDD

Aspects

▪ Reduction of deforestation

▪ Reduction of forest

degradation

▪ Conservation

▪ Sustainable forest

management

▪ Enhancement of forest carbon

stock

+

8

Page 9: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

REDD+: Beyond Carbon, More Than forests

Livelihood of Communities Biodiversity, Ecosystem Services

Indigenous people/customary people/adat community

Biodiversity

Ecosystem services

9

Page 10: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

International partnership is needed to achieve

41% emission reductions

In May 2010, Indonesia signed a Letter of Intent (LOI) with Norway : an

impactful political support to Indonesia’s commitment to reduce emission

by 41%, of which 83% will come from REDD+.

Basically with a Payment for Result approach

10

Page 11: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

The birth of the REDD+ Agency to manage

REDD+ in Indonesia

Institutional setup of the REDD+ Agency

REDD+ Agency:

1. Ministerial-level head

2. Responsible directly to the

President

3. Designated National

Authority for REDD+

REDD+ National

Strategy

REDD+ Agency

Funding

Instrument

Institution/system

MR | V

1

2 3

REDD+ Institutions

Strategic Programs Provincial Programs

Knowledge Management

To assist the President in:

Coordination, synchronization,

planning, facilitation,

management, monitoring,

oversight, and control

on REDD+ in Indonesia

Source: Perpres 62/2013

11

Page 12: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

We are embarking on a transformational phase

towards full implementation of REDD+…

Phased Approach on REDD+ Full Implementation

12

Page 13: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

Indonesia is institutionally and operationally ready

to enter into REDD+ Phase 3;

Indonesia reports initial verified GHG emissions

reduction from three major sources in the LULUCF

sector (i.e. deforestation, peat decomposition and

peat fire) through REDD+ programmes

Indonesia has made significant progress toward

achieving national mitigation objectives

…and we expect the impacts to be seen & felt

by the end of 2016

Expected impacts of Transformational Phase

13

Page 14: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

We measure our outputs and outcomes to

achieve our intended impacts

Transformational Phase: Results Framework to Achieve Impacts

14

Page 15: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

REDD+ Agency is already operational in 11

Forested Provinces in Indonesia

REDD+ Agency Operational Strategy

Central

Kalimantan

Aceh

Riau

Jambi

South

Sumatera

East

Kalimantan West

Kalimantan Central

Sulawesi West

Papua

Papua

West

Sumatera

REDD+ Task Force BP REDD+ 2014

UKP4 REDD+ Special Team

2015:

other provinces (in

preparation)

Sumatera Utara

Riau Kepulauan

Bengkulu

Bangka Belitung

Lampung

Banten

Jakarta

Jawa Barat

Jawa Tengah

Jogjakarta

Jawa Timur

Bali

Nusa Tenggara Barat

Nusa Tenggara Barat

Kalimantan Selatan

Sulawesi Selatan

Sulawesi Tenggara

Sulawesi Utara

Gorontalo

Maluku

Maluku Utara

15

Page 16: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

Necessary steps need to be taken to prepare

REDD+ implementation at provincial level…

1. Strategy: Provincial Strategy and Action Plan (SRAP/STRADA)

2. Map: Baseline data and cadastral map (1:50,000)

3. Institution: Sub-national organization

4. MoU: Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Provincial and District

Government on the partnership of REDD+ implementation

5. MRV: MRV (Measurement, Reporting, Verification) and REL (Reference

Emission Level)

Five prerequisites to implement REDD+ on provincial level

16

Page 17: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

…and we are on track to implement REDD+ at

provincial level

Progress of completing REDD+ prerequisites

SRAP

Baseline and Cadastral Map MOU and Partnership Agreement

with Province and Kabupaten

MRV and REL at the province

Institution at Province 17

Page 18: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

We have imperative programmes in line for

REDD+ to be implemented in 2014…

1. Monitoring of moratorium (Presidential Instruction No. 6/2013)

2. License review and gazettement of forest area

3. Support for law enforcement efforts

4. Mapping, capacity building and implementation of programs on

adat/customary forests

5. Forest fire management and prevention

6. Green Village

7. Green School

8. Support to complete of Spatial Plans (RTRW)

9. Support for conflict resolution

10. Strategic Programme for National Parks and Protected Forests

REDD+ Agency 2014 Imperatives

18

Page 19: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

The Indicative Moratorium Map (IMM) has been

improved 5 times, next up date will be on May 2014

Current status on moratorium area

Source: Moratorium Working Group Analysis

2

MoF Data

(forest license)

and Bappenas/

Wetlands

(peatland)

IMM 0 IMM 1 IMM 2 IMM 3 IMM 4

69.144.073 Ha

65.533.328 Ha

65.281.892 Ha

64.796.237 Ha

64.677.029 Ha

MoF Data

(license), MoAgr

(Peatland), BPN

(concession)

IMM 2 + new

data(large

concession from

MoEMR has not

acquired)

IMM 1 + MoEMR

(concession),

MoTWF

(Transmigration),

MoHA (license)

IMM 3 + new data

(MoHA –

only 29% local

governments

involved)

- 3.610.744 Ha - 251.436 Ha - 485.655 Ha - 119.208 Ha

20/5/2011 20/11/2011 20/5/2012 20/11/2012 20/5/2013

IMM 5

64.701.287 Ha

IMM 4 + new data

(additional

peatland/forest

survey and spatial

plan)

13/11/2013

+ 24.257 Ha

19

Page 20: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

We are acquiring One Database on forestry,

plantation and mining license nationally

Current status on Moratorium Map

20

Source: Moratorium Working Group Analysis

Page 21: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

We are completing large-scale basemap for

Sumatera and improving Kalimantan by June 2014

Current Status of Large-Scale Basemap Provision

21

Page 22: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

We acquire continuous wall-to-wall national

SPOT 5/6 and LANDSAT 8 imaging

Current status of national hi-res satellite images acquisition

22

Page 23: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

Participatory mapping application, trainings

and draft SOP completed

Current Status of Participatory Mapping Initiative

23

Page 24: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

Baseline mapping and reference emission

level for MRV completed

Map of Land Cover Change 2000-2009 Provincial reference emission level

(base year 2000-2009)

Source: MRV Working Group Analysis 24

Page 25: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

Indicative national reference emission level

for MRV completed

Indicative national reference emission level to 2020

0.77

1.30

1.05

0.97 0.93 0.93 0.90 0.88

0.84

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

00-03 03-06 06-09 2012 2014 6% (26%) 10% (41%) 10% (26%) 13% (41%) 15% (26%) 18% (41%)

2016 2018 2020

Base Year Readiness Emission Reduction Target

Em

issio

n (

GtC

O2

e/y

r)

Deforestation

Peat Fire

Peat Decomposition

Total

REL = 1.029 GtCO2e/yr

Source: MRV Working Group Analysis 25

Page 26: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

Roadmap document for legal reform on forest

and peatland governance completed

• Priorities Laws and Regulation that need to be

amended/enacted, e.g.:

• Enactment of Law on Adat Communities (Masyarakat Hukum Adat)

• Enactment of Government Regulation on peat land ecosystem, standards

of environmental damage and strategic environmental assessment.

• Enactment of Ministry of Forestry Regulation on the mechanism of claim

and verification to expedite forest gazetetment

• Presidential Regulation/MoU on integrated licensing system (plantation

and mining inside forest areas)

• Optimization of Law 18/2013 on Prevention and Eradication of Forest

Destruction (including the enactment of Presidential Regulation which

establish the Prevention and Eradication of Forest Destruction Institution)

• Review on the mechanism and procedures of Right of Cultivation (Land

Use for Plantation/HGU)

• Strengthening Procedure and Mechanism of

Enactment/Amendment of Laws and Regulation

• Developing database and system for integrated laws and regulations

specifically on natural resources related laws and regulations.

Current progress of legal roadmap

26

Page 27: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

We are completing a “Licensing Information

System” to improve license governance…

Current progress of Licensing Information System (Sistem Informasi Perizinan - SIP)

SIP ONLINE

Central

Gov: MoA, MoM,

MoE, MoF.

LICENSE

ISSUER CONCESSION

HOLDER

GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS Provincia

l Gov

District

Gov

Central Gov: MoA, MoM, MoE,

MoF, Police,

Attorney,

Corruption

Eradication

Commission.

Provincial Gov:

Forestry Service,

Plantation Service,

Mining Service.

District Gov: Forestry

Service,

Plantation

Service, Mining

Service.

Public

SIP is a system which manage licenses data, with features: (i) licenses database, (ii)

online licensing portal, (iii) licenses monitoring dan (iv) communication portal for

government (central-regional-district). 27

Page 28: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

…and the license audit process is on track in

Central Kalimantan, Jambi, and East Kalimantan

1. Licensing documents are

not well documented

2. License issuance do not

conform with laws and

regulations

3. License holders do not fulfill

their obligation (post

issuance of i.e. plantation

permit/IUP)

Initial Findings from License Audit in Central Kalimantan

i.e.: Issuance of License without Environmental Permit

(Mining: Barsel 29%, Kotim 18%, Kapuas 22%

Plantation: Barsel 79%, Kotim 94%, Kapuas 8%)

i.e.: Failed to obtain Right of Cultivation (Land

Use for Plantation Right/HGU)

(Barsel: The District Gov are requesting data from companies

Kapuas and Kotim: The District Gov are still compiling data)

28

Page 29: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

We are on track to properly recognize &

protect adat communities rights

Progress of follow-up on MK35

Constitutional Court Decision No. 35/PUU-X/2012

• Amended Art 1 (6) of Forestry Law No. 41/1999

• ‘Customary Forest [Hutan Adat] is State Forest located inside custom based society (MHA) areas’

Impacts:

• Enable MHA to claim their tenurial rights in forest area

• Enable MHA to protect the forest by implementing their customary knowledge

• Reducing Tenure Conflicts

Further Actions:

• Long term: Law on MHA Recognition and Protection which administers the MHA Rights

• Short term: support for Menkokesra in monitoring “MK35” Action Plan and template for Regional Regulation (Perda) on the recognition of MHA.

29

Page 30: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

…and we are also committed to have a robust

conflict resolution mechanism

Strategic program on conflict resolution

Output

Road Map on Strengthening

Institution Capacity

Pilot Areas

Tesso Nilo National Park - Riau

Kerinci Seblat National Park –

Riau, West Sumatera, Jambi

Kutai Timur National Park – East Kalimantan

Sebangau National Park – Central Kalimantan

Kayan Mentarang National Park –

North Kalimantan

Forest Gazettal in

Barito Selatan, Central Kalimantan

Report on Conflict Inventory

& Facilitation

Guideline for

Conflict Resolution

Conflict Resolution Methods

for Forest Gazettal

Training and Capacity

Enhancement

30

Page 31: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

We support law enforcement efforts to protect

our forests and peatlands

Progress of monitoring on prioritized cases

31

CENTRAL KALIMANTAN

5 case had decided by District Court. One of the cases verdict: the

director is convicted and penalized for 2 years imprisonment and

damages of 1 Billion Rupiah.

1 on-going prosecuted cases.

1 ready to be prosecuted cases.

4 investigated cases.

2 preliminary investigated cases.

WEST KALIMANTAN

1 investigated case.

RIAU (Forest Fires)

1 on-going

prosecuted cases

8 investigated

cases.

ACEH (Forest Fires)

1 case (civil) had decided by District Court;

2 on-going prosecuted cases;

2 ready to be prosecuted cases;

1 investigated case.

SOUTHEAST SULAWESI

19 investigated case.

Page 32: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

We are working hard to prevent and mitigate

forest and peat fires…

• Utilize ONE MAP as the spatial baseline data to anticipate risks

and impact of inadequate forest/ land management that caused

fires.

• Support Coordinating Ministry of People Welfare to develop

National SOP as mandated in President Instruction on Forest &

Land Fire Management No.16 of 2011.

• Activate REDD+ situation room to monitor and analyze heats &

hotspots.

• Continue strengthening communities and NGOs to contain and

handle manageable fires and potential fires on the ground through

community-based forest fire management program.

• Trainings & equipment provision were done in 2012-2014 in

Central Kalimantan for more than 20 villages in 5 most hotspots

districts.

Progress on other Strategic Programmes: Forest & Peat Fire Management

32

Page 33: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

…to ensure that REDD+ does not alienate the

source of livelihood for communities…

• Introducing participatory local resource-based approaches

and building local capacity to rehabilitate degraded forests and

peat lands, promoting sustainable livelihood development and

improving access to socio-economic facilities and markets.

• Promote sustainable developments for example through “green

job”, sustainable agriculture (e.g. zero burning), etc.

• Work in partnership with, indigenous communities and local

CSOs/NGOs, and employers’ or workers’ organizations.

• A partnership has been established with major CSO to

collaborate with 7 local NGOs in Central Kalimantan. More

partnerships will be done this year.

Progress on other Strategic Programmes: Green Villages

33

Page 34: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

…and to ensure that education on REDD+

should start as early as possible

• Trainings for headmasters, teachers and supervisors were implemented in 140 schools in Central Kalimantan.

• Adopting “REDD+ ESD whole school” approach by development of laws, regulations and MoUs on Green Education, develop curriculum for paradigm shifts on the utilization of forests, biodiversity and cultural trainings to relevant agencies and teachers.

• Widening impacts to communities by enhancing environmentally related local customs. This will be done in selected communities and integrated with Green Village development.

• Teaching in forests and peat lands and their issues involving CSOs, and other relevant stakeholders.

• Intervention to national curriculum in climate change and REDD+ issues. This will be done in collaboration with relevant ministries.

• Vocational schools in e.g. ecotourism and natural medicine.

Progress on other Strategic Programmes: Green Schools

34

Page 35: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

We are working at all levels to get our messages

across, from “strategy” to “activation”…

Global

National

Provinces

Grassroots

Position

Presence

Message

Advocacy

REDD+ Agency Campaign Strategy

35

Page 36: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

House

of Re-

present

atives

Ministries

CSO

Private

Sector

Aca-

demics

Organiz

ations &

Associat

ions

Media

General

Public

Indige-

nous

People

Interna-

tional

Commu-

nity

Local

Govern-

ment

…and we are committed to engage a wider

range of stakeholders

REDD+ Agency Target Audiences

36

Page 37: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

We are working to ensure a solid fund

management structure for REDD+…

• The Trust Fund for REDD+ in Indonesia, FREDDI, is a

fund of funds. It is a fund that invests in other funds.

• It is designed as a public trust fund based on

Presidential Regulation No. 80/2011 on Trust Fund

• FREDDI is designed to channel fund through four

funding windows:

1. National Initiatives

2. Sub-national Initiatives

3. Competitive Cycle

4. Small-Scale Initiatives

FREDDI : Fund For REDD+ in Indonesia

37

Page 38: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

…with two last steps needed for the formal

establishment of FREDDI Operational Steps for FREDDI

Proposed Design,

Structure, Modality &

Guiding Principles

Multi Stakeholder

Consultation Process

(Workshop, FGD dan

Bilateral Consultation)

Finalization the

design of

FREDDI

Direction & Mandate

based on Presidential

Regulation 62/2013

Consultation and

Testing Process on

FREDDI’s Elements at

Sub –National Level

Final Design &

Establishment of

FREDDI by

REDD+ Agency

38

Page 39: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

PRISAI as REDD+ safeguards in Indonesia is

completed…

Flow of Safeguards Formulation Process: from REDD+

National Strategy to PRISAI • PRISAI, the Principles, Criteria, and

Indicators for REDD+ Safeguards in

Indonesia, has been developed

through a bottom-up manner with

involvement of key stakeholders at the

national and provincial levels.

• Mutual Recognition is on-going.

• A guideline is ready for use.

• A website is currently being developed

to put PRISAI in the public domain.

39

Page 40: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

…developed through a participatory consultative

process for a strong and workable safeguard protocol

Principles of the social and environmental safeguards (PRISAI)

1 Clarifications of the status of tenure and land rights;

2 Ensuring actions complement, or are consistent with, the objectives of

emission reductions and relevant international conventions and agreements;

3 Improvement of forest governance;

4 Warrants a transparent, accountable and institutionalized information system;

5 Respect for the knowledge and rights of indigenous people and members of

local communities;

6 Full and effective participation of relevant stakeholders with attention to

gender;

7 Improvement in the conservation of natural forests biological diversity, and

ecosystem services;

8 Actions to address the risks of reversals;

9 Actions to reduce displacement of emissions;

10 Fair REDD+ benefit sharing to all relevant stakeholders and rights holders;

40

Page 41: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

We are committed to ensure public benefits of

REDD+ implementation

Paradigm shifts that guide the principles for benefit-sharing and incentive mechanisms

Community as “disturbed

neighbors” of an “REDD+

Project” that needs to be

“bribed” through cash-

distribution

Community as a part of, and

“co-owners” of the project,

being inside the project

boundary, sharing responsibility

as well as benefits

Benefits being defined

almost entirely as cash

distribution.

Benefits being defined as

well-being, happiness,

sustainability, with

fulfilled social needs.

Benefits being defined

almost entirely as

derived from carbon.

Benefits being defined as

carbon and other social

and ecological services.

41

Page 42: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

We are committed to uphold our integrity, and

being transparent & accountable

Trust-building is our critical success

factor

• The key ingredient to building and

sustaining trust is integrity. This

includes:

• integrity of the data collected to

demonstrate reductions in emissions of

GRK;

• integrity of the means of determining

which projects are supported or rejected;

• demonstrating that funds expended are

being honestly and effectively;

• Ensuring no unresolved conflicts of

interest and removing and preventing

other integrity traps

• Transparency: all interested parties

enjoy easy access to information on

the work of BP REDD+ and the REDD+

Program

• Accountability: this provides the basis

for responsible decision making

• Participation: the active and open

engagement of interested parties

ensures that the program’s initiatives

are supported

• Integrity: strong systems of

institutional and professional integrity

provide the basis for trust to support

program sustainability

Key tools to build & support trust

42

Page 43: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

REDD+ IN INDONESIA:

CHALLENGES & PROGRESS

Heru Prasetyo

REDD+ Stakeholder Meeting

Jakarta, 23 April 2014

43

Page 44: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

REDD+ Stakeholder Meeting

Jakarta, 23 April 2014

Page 45: REDD+ in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress

KEYNOTE SPEECH

H.E. Minister Tine Sundtoft

REDD+ Stakeholder Meeting

Jakarta, 23 April 2014