Chapter 14

Delivering Presentations

• Identify and control your anxieties

• Choose a delivery style best suited to you and your speaking situation

• Employ effective vocal cues

• Employ effective visual cues

Chapter Outcomes

• Connect with your audience

• Enhance your words with effective presentation aids

• Make efficient use of your practice time

Chapter Outcomes (cont.)

Understanding and Addressing Anxiety

• Public speaking anxiety (PSA):– Nervousness from knowing we have to

communicate publicly to an audience– May include physical symptoms

• Communication apprehension (CA):– General “…fear or anxiety associated

with either real or anticipated communication with another person or persons”

Understanding and Addressing Anxiety (cont.)

• Identifying Anxiety Triggers– Upsetting experiences – Fear of evaluation– Distaste for attention

Understanding and Addressing Anxiety (cont.)

• Building Your Confidence– Prepare for the unexpected.– Desensitize yourself.– Visualize your success (performance

visualization).– Take care of yourself.– Practice, practice, practice.

Methods of Delivery

• Speaking from manuscript– Useful when accuracy is

critical

• Speaking from memory (oratory)– May feel more like a

performance

Methods of Delivery (cont.)

• Speaking spontaneously (impromptu)– Think on your feet– Listen to others

• Speaking extemporaneously– Uses key-word or phrase outline– Requires advance preparation, an

outline, practice

Guidelines for Effective Delivery

• Effective Vocal Delivery– Vary your pitch (avoid monotone).– Adjust your volume.– Adjust your speaking rate.– Use pauses for effect.– Speak clearly and precisely.

• Use correct pronunciation and articulation.

• Avoid mumbling.• Be mindful of accents.

Guidelines for Effective Delivery (cont.)

• Effective Visual Delivery– Dress for the occasion.– Use effective eye behavior.

• Use scanning.

– Incorporate facial expressions and gestures.

– Control body movements.• Watch posture.• Use planting.

Guidelines for Effective Delivery (cont.)

• Connecting with Your Audience – Express emotion.

– Adapt to your audience.

– Create immediacy with your audience.

Effective Presentation Aids

• The Function of Presentation Aids– Help listeners process and retain

information– Promote interest and motivation– Convey information clearly and

concisely

Effective Presentation Aids (cont.)

• Types of Presentation Aids– Props and models– Media clips and images– Graphs and charts

• Bar graphs, tables, pie charts display data and facts clearly

– Posters and transparencies– Flip charts and marker boards– Presentation software

Practicing Your Speech

• Remember Your Speaking Outline

• Practice Using Presentation Aids

– Eliminate surprises; test facilities in advance.

– Write notes to yourself.

– Rehearse with a partner.

– Have backup plan.

Practicing Your Speech (cont.)

• Simulate the Situation

– Create similar conditions.

– Practice in front of someone.

– Keep an eye on the time.

Practicing Your Speech (cont.)

• Practice Your Delivery

– Focus on your message.

– Use mirrors cautiously.

– Record a practice session.

– Ask for feedback.